Flashcards about Irregular Eng Verbs. Incorrect cards (0) correct cards (0) remaining cards (156) Save retry fix restart shuffle help To flip the current card, click it or press the Spacebar key. Retry the cards in the incorrect box restart all cards Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page. IRREGULAR VERBS 3e. How to Use the First Conditional in English. Prepositions of time. Conjunctions: and, or, but, so, because and although. Daisy: Are you and Alfie going to the festival this weekend? Oliver: Hmm? We want to, but we don't have a car so we're not sure how to get there. It's in the middle of nowhere!
Daisy: Amy's dad is taking us on Saturday morning, and he's offered to bring us home again on Sunday. Why not come with us? Oliver: But where would we sleep? Reported speech. We use reported speech when we want to tell someone what someone said. We usually use a reporting verb (e.g. say, tell, ask, etc.) and then change the tense of what was actually said in direct speech. So, direct speech is what someone actually says? Like 'I want to know about reported speech'? Yes, and you report it with a reporting verb. He said he wanted to know about reported speech. I said, I want and you changed it to he wanted. Exactly. She said she was having the interview at four o’clock. OK, in that last example, you changed you to me too. Yes, apart from changing the tense of the verb, you also have to think about changing other things, like pronouns and adverbs of time and place. 'We went yesterday.' > She said they had been the day before.
I see, but what if you’re reporting something on the same day, like 'We went yesterday'? Well, then you would leave the time reference as 'yesterday'. 'Dogs can’t eat chocolate.' > She said that dogs can’t eat chocolate. Exactly. OK. Yes. Great. Modals of deduction. Daisy: This is so good. I … Oh, that might be Mum phoning from Bali. I’ll put her on speaker. Hi, Mum! Ollie: Hi, Mum! Sophie: Ah, you’re both there, good. Hi, how are you doing? Daisy: We’re fine. Relative clauses. We use relative clauses to describe or give extra information about something we have already mentioned.
We often use relative pronouns (e.g. who, where, that, which, whose) to introduce relative clauses. What are relative clauses and why do we use them? A clause is a group of words containing a verb. Relative clauses are a way of giving more information about a person, thing, place, event, etc. We often use them to avoid repeating information. The Uros people make fires. OK, so there the relative pronoun is 'which' and it refers back to 'the fires' and 'which they use for cooking' is the relative clause. That’s right, which is used for things (never for people). What are defining relative clauses? They are clauses that you need in the sentence for it to make sense. The people who live here have had the same kind of lifestyle for hundreds of years.
If I said 'The people have had the same kind of lifestyle for hundreds of years', you wouldn’t know which people I was talking about. Some, any, every and no. Daisy: Shall we look for somewhere to get some coffee and some cake? Amy: Alright. I'm not very hungry, but I'd love something to drink. Where do you fancy going? Daisy: Anywhere you like.Amy: Well, how about this place? Daisy: Oooh, there's nobody else here! Where is everyone? Can, could and would for invitations, offers, requests and permission. We use the modal verbs can, could and would to offer to do things for people or to invite them to do something. We also use them to make requests or ask permission to do something.
They are a type of auxiliary verb we use with other verbs to add more meaning to the verb. After modal verbs we use the infinitive form without to. Modals are not used with the auxiliary verb do; to form the negative, we add not after the modal. To ask questions, we put the modal in front of the subject. Hey, you couldn't pass me that plate, could you? Modals do not change in the third person singular form (he/she/it) in the present simple. Sophie can send photos. Modals seem quite easy to use. We use them for lots of different things, and the same modal verbs can have several different uses. Right, fire away! Oh, you’re giving me permission. Would you like to come to our house for dinner? For more informal invitations you can use can + get. Can I get you a drink? Would you like some help? Can you do me a favour?
Personal pronouns and possessives. Oliver: Hey, Alfie. How's things? Alfie: Cool, great. You? What are you up to? Oliver: Me? Oliver: Will do. Question words. We use the question words who (for people), what/which (for things), when (for time), where (for places), why (for reasons) and how (for more details). What do I need to know about question words? I know you know the basics, but questions are quite tricky. Let’s just go over the main rules.
We usually form questions by putting an auxiliary verb, or a modal verb, before the subject. Does it suit me? Has Mum called? When the verb 'to be' is the main verb, we don’t use auxiliary verbs. Is Oliver there? We can add question words to get more or different information. Where did you go swimming? I see that questions sometimes finish with prepositions. Yes, that’s very common. Who were you out with? OK, that all seems straightforward. Yes, but do you know about subject and object questions? If who, what or which is the subject of the question, it comes before the verb and we don’t use do as an auxiliary. Who went out for curry? Object questions follow the structure we looked at before. Good. Fine! Verb + -ing or verb + infinitive. After certain verbs we use the -ing form, and after other verbs we use the infinitive. Sometimes we can use either form and there is no change in meaning.
Occasionally we can use either form and there is a change in meaning. So what’s the rule for whether we use the -ing form or the infinitive? Sorry, there isn’t a rule. You have to learn which verbs go with which pattern. The verbs followed by -ing include enjoy, mind, stop and recommend. I told him you really enjoy cooking. The negative is verb + not + -ing.
Imagine not having pizza! Verbs usually followed by -ing stop finish imagine suggest recommend avoid mind miss risk enjoy I thought you could say: 'I recommend that you see that film'? Yes, you’re right, you can. OK, what about the verbs followed by the infinitive? These include decide, want, promise, plan and forget. She decided to go with Elliot instead. The negative is verb + not + infinitive. They decided not to make pizza. Here are more verbs that are usually followed by the infinitive: The present continuous. We use the present continuous (am/is/are + -ing) to talk about temporary things which have begun but haven't finished. They are often happening now, at this moment. Here are some examples of things happening now. I'm just uploading some photos to Facebook and I'm sending a message to Billie.
We're all riding camels and the sun's shining. They're waiting for me to get off the phone! I'm not sure what 'temporary' means. Can I say 'I'm learning to drive', even if I'm not having a driving lesson right now? Yes, absolutely! OK, I see what you mean. Yes, I’m glad you asked me that. At eight I’m meeting Lucas, just for a quick coffee. What about questions and negatives? For questions you just change round the subject and the verb to be.
Are you working hard for the exam? For negatives you add not after the verb to be. You're not really studying at all, are you? That's fine, but I suppose there are some spelling rules for –ing forms? Yes, you're right. Have - having ride - riding begin - beginning. The past simple – irregular verbs. Have to, must and should for obligation and advice. We use have to / must / should + infinitive to talk about obligation, things that are necessary to do, or to give advice about things that are a good idea to do.
Must and have to are both used for obligation and are often quite similar. They are both followed by the infinitive. I must go now. / I have to go now. Are these exactly the same? Well, almost. We often use must for more personal opinions about what it is necessary to do, and have to for what somebody in authority has said it is necessary to do. I must remember to get a present for Daisy. Which verb do people use more? Have to is more frequent in conversation; must is used more in formal writing, for example in written notices. Passengers must fasten their seat-belts. Do they change in form for I, you, he, she, etc.? Have changes in the third person singular (he/she/it has); but must doesn’t change.
I think I’ve heard have got to. Yes, we use both have got to, for obligation, and had better, for advice, a lot in speaking. No. Ah! Comparative and superlative adjectives. The past simple – regular verbs. The past simple is the most common way of talking about past events or states which have finished. It is often used with past time references (e.g. yesterday, two years ago). Please explain past events or states! A past event could be one thing that happened in the past, or a repeated thing. I stopped at a zebra crossing. A state is a situation without an action happening. We stayed at my grandparents' house last summer. How do you form the past simple? Regular past simple forms are formed by adding -ed to the infinitive of the verb. start → startedkill → killedjump → jumped Yes, but there are some spelling rules. Agree → agreed like → liked escape → escaped If a verb ends in a vowel and a consonant, the consonant is usually doubled before -ed. stop → stopped plan → planned If a verb ends in consonant and -y, you take off the y and add -ied. try → tried carry → carried But if the word ends in a vowel and -y, you add -ed. play → played enjoy → enjoyed OK, not quite so easy!
Aaagh! Good question. The present simple. We use the present simple to talk about repeated actions or events, permanent states or things which are always true. To find out more about the present simple, read and listen to the conversation below. Can you give me some examples? Yes, of course. We use the present simple to talk about things which are repeated every day, every week, every year, etc. I usually get up at 7 o'clock. I see. Yes, we often use adverbs of frequency sometimes, often, usually or other time expressions like on Mondays, twice a week or in the summer. What about permanent states? Permanent states are situations or feelings which are not temporary. I like him a lot. We also use the present simple for general facts, for example when talking about science or geography. Thailand is really hot at this time of year. So what do I need to know about forming the present simple? The main thing is that the third person singular forms end in -s or -es.
He watches black and white films at his cinema club on Wednesdays. Exactly! 10 Fun ESL Activities to Practice Modal Auxiliary Verbs. Modal: Can/To Be Able To Giraffes can’t dance. Usage: Ability 1. Look for some wacky and unusual stories from the internet such as the woman who lifted a car, 20 times her weight, to free her trapped friend. 2. Modal: Might/May/Could Jamie might come to the party. Usage: Possibility 3. 4. Learn to master the tenses in English.