Zero-point energy. Zero-point energy, also called quantum vacuum zero-point energy, is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical physical system may have; it is the energy of its ground state. All quantum mechanical systems undergo fluctuations even in their ground state and have an associated zero-point energy, a consequence of their wave-like nature. The uncertainty principle requires every physical system to have a zero-point energy greater than the minimum of its classical potential well. This results in motion even at absolute zero. For example, liquid helium does not freeze under atmospheric pressure at any temperature because of its zero-point energy.
History[edit] In 1900, Max Planck derived the formula for the energy of a single energy radiator, e.g., a vibrating atomic unit:[5] where is Planck's constant, is the frequency, k is Boltzmann's constant, and T is the absolute temperature. According to this expression, an atomic system at absolute zero retains an energy of ½hν. Varieties[edit] . Zero Point Energy. The Ether is a physical thing- Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge Zero point energy (ZPE), some times described as:"Zero Point Vacuum Fluctuation" or the "quantum vacuum" is understood by researchers to be a permanent, inexhaustible energetic medium pervading through space time.
The energy density of the quantum "vacuum potential" is enormous - This is why the field is studied for the potential [ZPE] conversion into usable energy -This would mean Free, cheaper and cleaner energy to do useful work in the form of heat, electricity, mechanical energy or other forms of power.
There is no monopoly on space time, at least not yet, this is why ZPE is considered to be FREE energy, of cause it takes money and effort to make the device to covert it, but once this is done, it is done so to speak.Only wear and tear on the parts is what it would "cost". So far ZPE conversion has been utilized in nano technology, there are also many patents for the conversion of ZPE into useable energy. Source Dr.
Quote - Mr. 1. Zero Point Energy. From PESWiki See also News:Zero Point Energy A directory of technologies and resources relating to Zero Point Energy. Claims to working energy technologies that tap the theoretical zero point. Potential role of nanotechnology in proving and implementing quantum phenomenon for stolid state energy generation from 'the wheelwork of nature'. Overview In physics, the zero point energy is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical physical system may possess; it is the energy of the ground state of the system. Featured: ZPE / Tom Valone >Zero Point Energy devices 5-10 years from market (interview) - Tom Valone, author of several books and tracts on the subject, gives an overview of the ZPE concept and recent developments toward working prototypes.
Events Featured: Events > COFE > 4th International Conference on Future Energy (COFE) - Upcoming SPESIF conference at the University of Maryland on March 15-17, 2011 includes plenary session organized by Tom Valone. Featured Breakthroughs Claims. Table of Contents: Spirit of Ma'at Vol 2 Feb 2002. MAGNETIC MOTOR. Hutchison demonstrates Zero Point Energy. Zero Point Energy (ZPE) In a recent article in the popular press (The Economist, January 7, 1989, pp. 71-74) it was noted how many of this century's new technologies depend on the Alice-in-Wonderland physics of quantum mechanics, with all of its seeming absurdities. For starters, one begins with the observation that classical physics tells us that atoms, which can be likened to a miniature solar system with electron planets orbiting a nuclear sun, should not exist.
The circling electrons should radiate away their energy like microscopic radio antennas and spiral into the nucleus. But atoms do exist, and multitudinous other phenomena which don't obey the rules do occur. To resolve this cognitive dissonance physicists introduced quantum mechanics, which is essentially a set of mathematical rules to describe what in fact does happen. But when we re-ask the question, "why didn't the electron radiate away its energy? " the answer is, basically, "well, in quantum theory it doesn't.
" R. ZPEnergy.com. Zero-Point Energy. Updated 5 February 2009 Quantum theory predicts, and experiments verify, that so-called empty space (the vacuum) contains an enormous residual background energy known as zero-point energy or ZPE. This energy derives its name from the fact that at temperatures of absolute zero (- 273o Celsius), elementary particles continue to exhibit energetic behavior. Advances in the theories of zero-point energy, nonlinear thermodynamics, and Connective Physics open up the possibility of cohering this energy for practical purposes -- in effect tapping the zero-point, and thereby accessing a universe-sized source of energy. Originally, the possible uses of zero-point energy was thought to be of significance only for such esoteric concerns as small perturbations in atomic emission processes. Theoretical contributions have been done by such pioneers as Nobel laureates Ilya Prigogine, P.
T. The immediate and down-to-Earth future of ZPE and related theories is very exciting. 1) Over-unity energy systems, Vacuum energy. Vacuum energy is an underlying background energy that exists in space throughout the entire Universe. One contribution to the vacuum energy may be from virtual particles which are thought to be particle pairs that blink into existence and then annihilate in a timespan too short to observe.
They are expected to do this everywhere, throughout the Universe. Their behavior is codified in Heisenberg's energy–time uncertainty principle. Still, the exact effect of such fleeting bits of energy is difficult to quantify. The effects of vacuum energy can be experimentally observed in various phenomena such as spontaneous emission, the Casimir effect and the Lamb shift, and are thought to influence the behavior of the Universe on cosmological scales. Origin[edit] Summing over all possible oscillators at all points in space gives an infinite quantity. Additional contributions to the vacuum energy come from spontaneous symmetry breaking in quantum field theory.
Implications[edit] [citation needed] It's confirmed: Matter is merely vacuum fluctuations - physics-math - 20 November 2008. Matter is built on flaky foundations. Physicists have now confirmed that the apparently substantial stuff is actually no more than fluctuations in the quantum vacuum. The researchers simulated the frantic activity that goes on inside protons and neutrons. These particles provide almost all the mass of ordinary matter. Each proton (or neutron) is made of three quarks - but the individual masses of these quarks only add up to about 1% of the proton's mass.
So what accounts for the rest of it? Theory says it is created by the force that binds quarks together, called the strong nuclear force. But it has taken decades to work out the actual numbers. So physicists have developed a method called lattice QCD, which models smooth space and time as a grid of separate points. Gnarly calculation Until recently, lattice QCD calculations concentrated on the virtual gluons, and ignored another important component of the vacuum: pairs of virtual quarks and antiquarks. Crunch time Higgs field Recommended by. Quantum field theory in curved spacetime.
In particle physics, quantum field theory in curved spacetime is an extension of standard, Minkowski-space quantum field theory to curved spacetime. A general prediction of this theory is that particles can be created by time-dependent gravitational fields (multigraviton pair production), or by time-independent gravitational fields that contain horizons. Description[edit] Interesting new phenomena occur; owing to the equivalence principle the quantization procedure locally resembles that of normal coordinates where the affine connection at the origin is set to zero and a nonzero Riemann tensor in general once the proper (covariant) formalism is chosen; however, even in flat spacetime quantum field theory, the number of particles is not well-defined locally.
For non-zero cosmological constants, on curved spacetimes quantum fields lose their interpretation as asymptotic particles. Applications[edit] Approximation to quantum gravity[edit] See also[edit] References[edit] Notes[edit] N.D. Virtual particle. In physics, a virtual particle is a transient fluctuation that exhibits many of the characteristics of an ordinary particle, but that exists for a limited time.
The concept of virtual particles arises in perturbation theory of quantum field theory where interactions between ordinary particles are described in terms of exchanges of virtual particles. Any process involving virtual particles admits a schematic representation known as a Feynman diagram, in which virtual particles are represented by internal lines. [1][2] Virtual particles do not necessarily carry the same mass as the corresponding real particle, although they always conserve energy and momentum. The longer the virtual particle exists, the closer its characteristics come to those of ordinary particles.
They are important in the physics of many processes, including particle scattering and Casimir forces. Antiparticles have been proven to exist and should not be confused with virtual particles or virtual antiparticles. Www.frankwilczek.com/Wilczek_Easy_Pieces/052_Cosmic_Asymmetry_between_Matter_and_Antimatter.pdf. Www.math.uwaterloo.ca/~akempf/sakharov.pdf. Unification, spacetime foam, quantum vacuum, quantum fluctuations. Physics of the early Universe is at the boundary of astronomy and philosophy since we do not currently have a complete theory that unifies all the fundamental forces of Nature at the moment of Creation. In addition, there is no possibility of linking observation or experimentation of early Universe physics to our theories (i.e. it's not possible to `build' another Universe).
Our theories are rejected or accepted based on simplicity and aesthetic grounds, plus their power of prediction to later times, rather than an appeal to empirical results. This is a very difference way of doing science from previous centuries of research. Our physics can explain most of the evolution of the Universe after the Planck time (approximately 10-43 seconds after the Big Bang). Another way of seeing this problem is trying to reproduce the Greek philosophers thinking about matter, as applied to spacetime. Cosmic Singularity : Quantum Vacuum: Quantum Fluctuations : Planck Era : Unification: Spacetime Foam : ANU Quantum Random Number Server. Quantum fluctuation. In quantum physics, a quantum vacuum fluctuation (or quantum fluctuation or vacuum fluctuation) is the temporary change in the amount of energy in a point in space,[1] as explained in Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
According to one formulation of the principle, energy and time can be related by the relation[2] That means that conservation of energy can appear to be violated, but only for small values of t (time). This allows the creation of particle-antiparticle pairs of virtual particles. The effects of these particles are measurable, for example, in the effective charge of the electron, different from its "naked" charge. Quantum fluctuations may have been very important in the origin of the structure of the universe: according to the model of inflation the ones that existed when inflation began were amplified and formed the seed of all current observed structure. Quantum fluctuations of a field[edit] ). In quantum field theory, fields undergo quantum fluctuations. At a time is. Quantum fluctuations. Quantum Fluctuation. Random numbers via fluctuations of the quantum vacuum. Nothing helps create pure randomness › News in Science (ABC Science)
News in Science Monday, 16 April 2012 Darren OsborneABC Counting on nothing Quantum fluctuations within a vacuum are helping Australian researchers create billions of random numbers. The random number generator, created by Professor Ping Koy Lam, Dr Thomas Symul and Dr Syed Assad from the Australian National University (ANU), uses highly sensitive light detectors to 'listen' to an empty space. Until recently a vacuum was thought to be completely empty. This 'vacuum noise' may affect, and ultimately pose a limit to, the performance of fibre optic communication, radio broadcasts and computer operation. "While it has always been thought to be an annoyance that engineers and scientists would like to circumvent, we instead exploited this vacuum noise and used it to generate random numbers," says Lam, who is part of the ANU's ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology.
"Random number generation has many uses in information technology. Quantum random number generator. Friday, April 11, 2014 Reliable and unbiased random numbers are needed for a range of applications spanning from numerical modeling to cryptographic communications. While there are algorithms that can generate pseudo random numbers, they can never be perfectly random nor indeterministic.
Researchers at the ANU are generating true random numbers from a physical quantum source. We do this by splitting a beam of light into two beams and then measuring the power in each beam. Because light is quantised, the light intensity in each beam fluctuates about the mean. Papers on Random Number Generators Real time demonstration of high bitrate quantum random number generation with coherent laser light T.
Links to sites on Random Number Generators. ANU Quantum Random Number Server. This website offers true random numbers to anyone on the internet. The random numbers are generated in real-time in our lab by measuring the quantum fluctuations of the vacuum. The vacuum is described very differently in the quantum mechanical context than in the classical context. Traditionally, a vacuum is considered as a space that is empty of matter or photons. Quantum mechanically, however, that same space resembles a sea of virtual particles appearing and disappearing all the time.
This result is due to the fact that the vacuum still possesses a zero-point energy. Consequently, the electromagnetic field of the vacuum exhibits random fluctuations in phase and amplitude at all frequencies. By carefully measuring these fluctuations, we are able to generate ultra-high bandwidth random numbers. This quantum Random Number Generator is based on the paper: [Appl. We now support authenticated and secured connections for the live streams and random blocks.
The Ultimate Question of Origins: God and the Beginning of the Universe. The absolute origin of the universe, of all matter and energy, even of physical space and time themselves, in the Big Bang singularity contradicts the perennial naturalistic assumption that the universe has always existed. One after another, models designed to avert the initial cosmological singularity--the Steady State model, the Oscillating model, Vacuum Fluctuation models--have come and gone. Current quantum gravity models, such as the Hartle-Hawking model and the Vilenkin model, must appeal to the physically unintelligible and metaphysically dubious device of "imaginary time" to avoid the universe's beginning. The contingency implied by an absolute beginning ex nihilo points to a transcendent cause of the universe beyond space and time. Philosophical objections to a cause of the universe fail to carry conviction. Source: Astrophysics and Space Science 269-270 (1999): 723-740 The Fundamental Question From time immemorial men have turned their gaze toward the heavens and wondered.