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Task Analysis in Instructional Design. A task analysis, sometimes called operations analysis, is a systemic collection of data about a specific job or group of jobs to determine what an employee should be taught and the resources he or she needs to achieve optimal performance (DeSimone, Werner, Harris, 2002).
In the Backwards Planning model shown below, the first step in the Analysis phase, Business Outcome, identified the Business Need, the second step, Performance Analysis identified the performance that is needed to obtain that objective, and the third step, Needs Assessment, identified the various Learning and Training Needs. The Task Analysis performed in this phase further defines the Training or Learning Needs by supplying the required process and/or steps to perform a task taht supports the objective. What’s the Purpose of Task Analysis. What’s the Purpose of Task Analysis?
"Task analysis for instructional design is a process of analyzing and articulating the kind of learning that you expect the learners to know how to perform" (Jonassen, Tessmer, & Hannum, 1999, p.3). Instructional designers perform a task analysis in order to: determine the instructional goals and objectives; define and describe in detail the tasks and sub-tasks that the student will perform; specify the knowledge type (declarative, structural, and procedural knowledge) that characterize a job or task; select learning outcomes that are appropriate for instructional development; prioritize and sequence tasks; determine instructional activities and strategies that foster learning; select appropriate media and learning environments; construct performance assessments and evaluation (Jonassen et al., 1999). What Methodology Does a Task Analysis Support? Task analysis methods. Summary Task analysis analyses what a user is required to do in terms of actions and/or cognitive processes to achieve a task.
A detailed task analysis can be conducted to understand the current system and the information flows within it. These information flows are important to the maintenance of the existing system and must be incorporated or substituted in any new system. Task analysis makes it possible to design and allocate tasks appropriately within the new system. Task Analysis how to do it. Www.humanreliability.com/articles/Task Analysis Techniques.pdf.