Other Characters in the Family. Agnese da Montefeltorneo. The-Borgias-1x09-Nessuno-the-borgias-23676169-1280-720.jpg (1280×720) The-Borgias-1x09-Nessuno-the-borgias-23677232-1280-720.jpg (1280×720) The-Borgias-1x09-Nessuno-the-borgias-23677232-1280-720.jpg (1280×720) The-Borgias-1x09-Nessuno-the-borgias-23677232-1280-720.jpg (1280×720)
Geography. A Glossary of European Noble, Princely, Royal and Imperial Titles. Outline. 1. Introduction. 2. Sovereigns and Sovereignty. 3. Nobles and Nobility. 4. Imperial Titles. 5. Ruling Titles. 5.1 Kings and Queens. 5.2 Other Ruling Titles. 5.3 The Pope. 6. 8.1. 9. 9.1. 1. 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5 Version History. 1.6. 1.7. 1.8. 1.9. 2. "Sovereign" (in the European sense) is a technical term, both noun and adjective. Luxembourg is headed by a grand duke; Liechtenstein and Monaco are headed by princes. Before the unifications of Germany and Italy, there were a welter of sovereign or essentially sovereign states ruled by variously-titled sovereigns -- electors (in German, "Kurfürst"), margraves, etc. 3.
Romans recognized three orders: patricians, equestrians and plebeians, and earlier, before the foundation of the republic, a fourth: royalty. These notions of the Romans apply to present-day parlance. In essence, the nobility were the landowners. A distinction needs to be made between "nobility" and "peerage". 4. Dr.
Clothing. Renaissance Fashion: The Birth of Power Dressing. At what point did it begin to matter what you wore? Ulinka Rublack looks at why the Renaissance was a turning point in people’s attitudes to clothes and their appearance. A Lady with a Drawing of Lucretia, by Lorenzo Lotto, c. 1530-33. Copyright Bridgeman Art Library 2010 I shall never forget, while staying in Paris, the day a friend’s husband returned home from a business trip. She and I were having coffee in a huge sunny living room overlooking the Seine. His key turned in the door. We might think that these are the modern follies of fashion, which now beset men as much as women. Yet neither my friend nor her husband would be much out of place in the middle of the 15th century. When, how and why did looks become deeply embedded in how people felt about themselves and others?
Dressed to thrill These expanding consumer and visual worlds conditioned new ways of feeling. Gallery: Renaissance fashion in pictures Many people reacted with shock to these cultural transformations. French dressing. Renaissance Costumes, Medieval Clothing, Madrigal Costumes by The Tudor Shoppe. The clothing of the Renaissance era was often distinctive and elaborate. The various European cultures were very fashion-conscious, so the costume and attire were appropriately stylized and remarkable. In fact, the purpose of clothing in Renaissance times was to make a statement or establish one’s social status.
The standard image most people conjure when imagining Renaissance costume is clothing worn by the upper class. Style was a function of status, so both men and women chose attire that stood out, particularly for formal affairs. In the same way, Renaissance men and women wore their most visually striking outfits when the need arose. Would you wear an evening gown or tuxedo every day? The day-to-day clothing of Renaissance men and women were dictated by socioeconomic status; the lower in class a person was, the less likely he was to wear a “costume”. During the Renaissance, clothing choices were often a clear mark of social strata.
Renaissance. Renaissance Costume History Around the 1490's is when costume historians can agree that the new dress for Renaissance began. This was the period of clothing that could be said that excessiveness in all areas of costume began. Different countries took the news styles differently. For instance, the northern European countries were distorting the natural figure by padding sleeves, doublets and stockings. Italy did not go as far as the North, and England and France followed Italy's lead while they stuck to more medieval influenced styles. Germans went to the greatest extremes making “improvements” on the natural silhouette.
They put large puffs at the head, shoulders, thighs; small puffs, like boils, over chest, back, arms, legs and feet. Permanent characteristics in all countries are summarized as thus: rich heavy materials, in voluminous amount, large sleeves, close body garments, large hip-clothing, wide-toed, heelless shoes and covered heads masculine and feminine. RMC - Collections > Rare Book & Manuscript Collections > European History & Culture > The Rhaeto-Romance Collection. The Rhaeto-Romance Collection, like the Fiske Icelandic Collection and the Dante and Petrarch collections, is a bequest of Daniel Willard Fiske, Cornell's first university librarian and a singularly energetic book collector. The term Rhaeto-Romance describes a group of closely related dialects rather than a coalesced, national language. The dialect caught the interest of Willard Fiske while he was on an expedition to the baths of Tarasp in the Lower Engadine. A chance sighting of texts in the Rhaeto-Romance language led to several purchasing excursions throughout the Alpine valleys of Switzerland, Germany, Austria and Italy, with the result that in "little more than five weeks," the collection as it has come to Cornell was virtually complete.
The printed catalogue of the Rhaeto-Romance collection divides the holdings into Literature (including numerous religious works), History, Philology and Description. Related Online Resources The Rheato-Romance Collection. Renaissance Forum: Indices. Italian Renaissance (1330-1550): The Waning of the Rennaissance (1499-1550) Summary As French forces began to prey on the Italian states in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth century, Rome became the focus of Italy's collective defense, and the pope the architect of that defense. Milan had fallen, and the northern states were under pressure, but they could survive as long as Rome remained strong. Pope Leo X did an admirable job in this role.
A gifted administrator, he effectively maintained stability in Rome, the central Italian state. However, his successor, Pope Clement VII, while a decent and moral pope, was a failure as a politician. To make things worse, during his reign international conditions became increasingly complex and threatening. Spanish and French armies fought on Italian soil, debating claims to pieces of Italian territory and demanding that the Pope declare for one side or the other. The 'imperial' army of some 22,000 Spaniards, Italians, and Germans, assembled in Lombardy during the winter of 1526 to 1527. Got Medieval. Medieval Castle History, Design of Medieval Castles, Haunted Castles: www.medieval-castle.com. MerlinSite.com: Merlin News, Spoilers, Images & More.
Howstuffworks "How Knights Work" When you think of knights, you might envision King Arthur, Sir Lancelot or the Black Knight. We often think of heroic knights in shining armor fighting each other with swords or riding their horses on noble quests. Our images of knights have been influenced over centuries by romance authors (like T.H.
White and Sir Walter Scott) and by movies like "Ivanhoe," "Excalibur," "A Knight's Tale," "Camelot" and "Monty Python and the Holy Grail. " But what were knights really like? Medieval knights were, first and foremost, warriors. Knights were most noted for fighting on horseback, but they also battled on foot. In this article, we'll examine the lives of knights. Medieval Demographics Made Easy. Researching the Medieval. Even after writing three medieval historical romances, soon to be four, I hardly consider myself an expert on researching the medieval novel. But I have learned a few tricks along the way that I'd like to share with you.
When I first began researching this period about fifteen years ago, there were very few resources available to the non-historian. To find authentic and detailed material, I had to go to university libraries and professional libraries that required proof that I was a writer. Considering that I was definitely an amateur researcher, it was quite intimidating. However you begin your research, it should be an on-going process. Here are a few handy tips as you begin your novel: This sounds simplistic, but it's good advice. It's true that many medieval readers are extremely dedicated and well educated. The Oxford English Dictionary, or OED, is a massive so-called dictionary that consists of some 20 humongous volumes that take up two rows in the library. Finally, good luck! Medieval Civilization: Lecture Notes.
Lecture Notes The Legacy of the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages in the West (ca AD 500-1450/1500) The World in Transition, AD 395-1500 Introduction The Three Heirs to the Roman Empire: 6th-7th centuries: a new period in the history of world civilization; clear that no one empire would rule the Mediterranean world; by the 7th century, three successor civilizations, the Byzantine, the Islamic, and the western European, had developed, each with its own culture, its own religion, and its own language; these three civilizations quickly became rivals.
The Byzantine Empire and the Mediterranean World at the Death of Justinian I. Islamic civilization: (7th century-ca. 1500) founded by the prophet Muhammad; language was Arabic; government and culture permeated with this dynamic new religion; it created an Empire in the old Near East, along the African coasts of the Mediterranean, & it spread into the Indian subcontinent. The Eastern Heirs of the Roman Empire Byzantine Civilization (5th century-1453)
‘Except Only a Cat’ – Nun’s Pets in the Middle Ages - From The Ark Number 209 - Summer 2008 - A Publication of Catholic Concern for Animals - Formerly: The Catholic Study Circle for Animal Welfare - Providing Christian education, research, study, instruct. The Rt Rev Dom Joseph Delargy, is Abbot of the Mount St Bernard Abbey, Leicestershire, of the Cistercians of Strict Observance. Here he shares with us a lighthearted talk he gave to his community recently. In the middle ages in England there were at least 140 convents of nuns that we know of. On the whole these convents were not very large and only four of them had communities of more than 30 nuns. It has been calculated that the average size of a convent community in those days was about 14 nuns.
In the year 1350 it is estimated there were 3,500 nuns in total in the country. Most studies of medieval abbeys concentrate on the monasteries of men, the monks, maybe this is because their buildings tended to be bigger leaving more ruins behind for us to look at today. In the wonderful book Medieval English Nunneries by Eileen Power,* a history professor from Cambridge back in the 1920’s, we have details of all aspects of the nun’s life. They were * Dancing, * Dresses and * Dogs.