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OODA loop

OODA loop
Diagram of a decision cycle known as the Boyd cycle, or the OODA loop Overview[edit] The OODA loop has become an important concept in litigation,[1] business[2] and military strategy. According to Boyd, decision-making occurs in a recurring cycle of observe-orient-decide-act. Boyd developed the concept to explain how to direct one's energies to defeat an adversary and survive. Boyd’s diagram shows that all decisions are based on observations of the evolving situation tempered with implicit filtering of the problem being addressed. The second O, orientation – as the repository of our genetic heritage, cultural tradition, and previous experiences – is the most important part of the O-O-D-A loop since it shapes the way we observe, the way we decide, the way we act. As stated by Boyd and shown in the “Orient” box, there is much filtering of the information through our culture, genetics, ability to analyze and synthesize, and previous experience. Applicability[edit] See also[edit] Notes[edit]

List of military writers The following is a list of military writers, alphabetical by last name: A[edit] Sidney Allinson – Canadian military historian, The Bantams: The Untold Story Of World War One, Kruger's Gold: A novel of the Anglo-Boer WarStephen AmbroseAlberto Bayo – Latin American revolutionary, A Manual of Guerrilla Warfare B[edit] C[edit] D[edit] E[edit] F[edit] G[edit] H[edit] J[edit] K[edit] L[edit] M[edit] N[edit] P[edit] R[edit] S[edit] Sigismund von Schlichting – 19th century infantry theoristSebastien le Prestre de VaubanThomas SchellingRichard Simpkin – military theoristVasily SokolovskyHew Strachan – military historianSun Bin – claimed descent from Sun Tzu, and was considered Sun Tzu II, Sun Bin Bing FaSun Tzu – general, The Art of WarAlexander Suvorov – general, The Science of Victory T[edit] V[edit] W[edit] X[edit] Z[edit] Zhuge Liang – strategist from The Three Kingdoms era, Thirty-Six Stratagems See also[edit]

Negative feedback Simple feedback model. The feedback is negative if AB < 0 Negative feedback occurs when the result of a process influences the operation of the process itself in such a way as to reduce changes. Negative feedback tends to make a system self-regulating; it can produce stability and reduce the effect of fluctuations. Negative feedback is widely used in mechanical and electronic engineering, but it also occurs naturally within living organisms, and can be seen in many other fields from chemistry and economics to social behaviour and the climate. History[edit] Early researchers in the area of cybernetics subsequently generalised the idea of negative feedback to cover any goal-seeking or purposeful behavior.[9] All purposeful behavior may be considered to require negative feed-back. The information fed back to the control center tends to oppose the departure of the controlled from the controlling quantity... Overview[edit] Feedback loops in the human body Use[edit] Mechanical engineering[edit]

Knowledge management framework At this stage we have had a look at the components and definitions that related to knowledge management (KM). This section deals with knowledge management frameworks and models. The old saying that a picture paints a thousand words is very much applicable in this case. A good model can integrate various elements and show relationships in a way that is much harder to do in writing. But first, what are the components of a knowledge management framework? Identification of needs Identification of knowledge resources Acquisition, creation, or elimination of knowledge related resources/processes/environments Retrieval, application and sharing of knowledge Storage of knowledge It is important to note that none of these processes are independent and all of them are affected by countless factors. For instance, some models are sequential (as above), and seek to provide a better overview at the expense of "realism". What/How Why When

The 33 Strategies of War Reception In the book Greene reveals that "Afghanistan was rich in natural gas and other minerals and had ports on the Indian Ocean".[14] The political tales in the book are said to be "mostly foolish or just plain wrong".[15] The book has "far too many duff sentences",[5] for example: "Your goal is to blend philosophy and war, wisdom and battle, into an unbeatable blend. It has sold more than 200,000 copies.[17] See also References Notes Jump up ^ Greene, Robert, "The 33 Strategies of War", Viking Adult, 2006Jump up ^ "The 33 Strategies of War, by Robert Greene". External links 33 Strategies of War interview featuring Robert Greene Recursion A visual form of recursion known as the Droste effect. The woman in this image holds an object that contains a smaller image of her holding an identical object, which in turn contains a smaller image of herself holding an identical object, and so forth. Formal definitions Recursion in a screen recording program, where the smaller window contains a snapshot of the entire screen. In mathematics and computer science, a class of objects or methods exhibit recursive behavior when they can be defined by two properties: A simple base case (or cases)A set of rules that reduce all other cases toward the base case For example, the following is a recursive definition of a person's ancestors: One's parents are one's ancestors (base case).The ancestors of one's ancestors are also one's ancestors (recursion step). The Fibonacci sequence is a classic example of recursion: Many mathematical axioms are based upon recursive rules. Informal definition In language Recursive humor Recursion, see Recursion.[5] 0 is in

Mentors Town The 48 Laws of Power Background[edit] Greene initially formulated some of the ideas in The 48 Laws of Power while working as a writer in Hollywood and concluding that today's power elite shared similar traits with powerful figures throughout history.[5] In 1995, Greene worked as a writer at Fabrica, an art and media school, and met a book packager named Joost Elffers.[4][8] Greene pitched a book about power to Elffers and six months later, Elffers requested that Greene write a treatment.[4] Although Greene was unhappy in his current job, he was comfortable and saw the time needed to write a proper book proposal as too risky.[10] However, at the time Greene was rereading his favorite biography about Julius Caesar and took inspiration from Caesar's decision to cross the Rubicon River and fight Pompey, thus inciting the Great Roman Civil War.[10] Greene would follow Caesar's example and write the treatment, which later became The 48 Laws of Power.[10] He would note this as the turning point of his life.[10]

Local oscillator In electronics, a local oscillator (LO) is an electronic oscillator used with a mixer to change the frequency of a signal. This frequency conversion process, also called heterodyning, produces the sum and difference frequencies from the frequency of the local oscillator and frequency of the input signal. Processing a signal at a fixed frequency gives a radio receiver improved performance. In many receivers, the function of local oscillator and mixer is combined in one stage called a "converter" - this reduces the space, cost, and power consumption by combining both functions into one active device. Applications[edit] Local oscillators are used in the superheterodyne receiver, the most common type of radio receiver circuit. Performance requirements[edit] Application of local oscillators in a receiver design requires care to ensure no spurious signals are radiated. Types of LO[edit] Unintended LO emissions[edit] See also[edit] References[edit]

Knowledge Associates - SKA Digital strategy In the fields of strategic management, marketing strategy and business strategy, digital strategy is the process of specifying an organization's vision, goals, opportunities and initiatives in order to maximize the business benefits of digital initiatives to the organization. These can range from an enterprise focus, which considers the broader opportunities and risks that digital potentially creates (e.g., changes in the publishing industry) and often includes customer intelligence, collaboration, new product/market exploration, sales and service optimization, enterprise technology architectures and processes, innovation and governance; to more marketing and customer-focused efforts such as web sites, mobile, eCommerce, social, site and search engine optimization, and advertising. Overview[edit] Identifying the key opportunities and/or challenges in a business[edit] Stakeholder interviews Competitor analysis Heuristic evaluation Features/functionality analysis Financial analysis Roadmap

Full state feedback Principle[edit] with output equation then the poles of the system transfer function are the roots of the characteristic equation given by Full state feedback is utilized by commanding the input vector . System with state feedback (closed-loop) Substituting into the state space equations above, we have The poles of the FSF system are given by the characteristic equation of the matrix . which force the closed-loop eigenvalues to the pole locations specified by the desired characteristic equation.[2] Example of FSF[edit] Consider a system given by the following state space equations: The uncontrolled system has open-loop poles at and . matrix and they are the roots of . , which are not the poles we currently have. , from Following the procedure given above, the FSF controlled system characteristic equation is where Upon setting this characteristic equation equal to the desired characteristic equation, we find Therefore, setting This only works for Single-Input systems. matrix that is not unique.

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