RepRap Project RepRap version 1.0 (Darwin) RepRap version 2.0 (Mendel) First part ever made by a Reprap to make a Reprap, fabricated by the Zaphod prototype, by Vik Olliver (2006/09/13) The RepRap project is a British initiative to develop a 3D printer that can print most of its own components.[1] RepRap (short for replicating rapid prototyper) uses an additive manufacturing technique called Fused filament fabrication (FFF) to lay down material in layers; a plastic filament or metal wire is unwound from a coil and supplies material to produce a part. As an open design, all of the designs produced by the project are released under a free software license, the GNU General Public License.[2] History[edit] All of the plastic parts for the machine on the right were produced by the machine on the left. Version 2 'Mendel' holding recently printed physical object next to the driving PC showing a model of the object on-screen Video of RepRap printing an object RepRap 0.1 building an object 23 March 2005 Summer 2005
PLY (file format) PLY is a computer file format known as the Polygon File Format or the Stanford Triangle Format. The format was principally designed to store three-dimensional data from 3D scanners. It supports a relatively simple description of a single object as a list of nominally flat polygons. A variety of properties can be stored including: color and transparency, surface normals, texture coordinates and data confidence values. The format permits one to have different properties for the front and back of a polygon. There are two versions of the file format, one in ASCII, the other in binary. A complete description of the PLY format is beyond the scope of this article - but one may obtain a good understanding of the basic concepts from the following description: The header of both ASCII and binary files is ASCII text. ply which identifies the file as a PLY file. format ascii 1.0 format binary_little_endian 1.0 format binary_big_endian 1.0 comment This is a comment! end_header
Fused deposition modeling Fused deposition modelling: 1 – nozzle ejecting molten plastic, 2 – deposited material (modeled part), 3 – controlled movable table An ORDbot Quantum 3D printer. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technology commonly used for modeling, prototyping, and production applications. FDM works on an "additive" principle by laying down material in layers; a plastic filament or metal wire is unwound from a coil and supplies material to produce a part. The technology was developed by S. The term fused deposition modeling and its abbreviation to FDM are trademarked by Stratasys Inc. History[edit] Fused deposition modeling (FDM) was developed by S. Process[edit] The model or part is produced by extruding small beads of thermoplastic material to form layers as the material hardens immediately after extrusion from the nozzle. A plastic filament or metal wire is unwound from a coil and supplies material to an extrusion nozzle which can turn the flow on and off. See also[edit]
Additive Manufacturing File Format Structure[edit] An AMF can represent one object, or multiple objects arranged in a constellation. Each object is described as a set of non-overlapping volumes. Each volume is described by a triangular mesh that references a set of points (vertices). These vertices can be shared among volumes. An AMF file can also specify the material and the color of each volume, as well as the color of each triangle in the mesh. Basic file structure[edit] The AMF file begins with the XML declaration line specifying the XML version and encoding. Within the AMF brackets, there are five top level elements. <object> The object element defines a volume or volumes of material, each of which are associated with a material ID for printing. Geometry specification[edit] The format maintains the triangle-mesh geometry representation used in the STL format in order to take advantage of existing optimized slicing algorithm and code infrastructure. Color specification[edit] Texture maps[edit] Print constellations[edit]
3D-Spot | Drukarki 3D | Materiały | Technologie | Wszystko o druku 3D Magic number (programming) In computer programming, the term magic number has multiple meanings. It could refer to one or more of the following: A constant numerical or text value used to identify a file format or protocol; for files, see List of file signaturesDistinctive unique values that are unlikely to be mistaken for other meanings (e.g., Globally Unique Identifiers)Unique values with unexplained meaning or multiple occurrences which could (preferably) be replaced with named constants The format indicator type of magic number was first found in early Seventh Edition source code of the Unix operating system and, although it has lost its original meaning, the term magic number has become part of computer industry lexicon. In Version Seven Unix, the header constant was not tested directly, but assigned to a variable labeled ux_mag[4] and subsequently referred to as the magic number. Magic numbers are common in programs across many operating systems. Some examples:
3D printing An ORDbot Quantum 3D printer. 3D printing or additive manufacturing[1] is a process of making a three-dimensional solid object of virtually any shape from a digital model. 3D printing is achieved using an additive process, where successive layers of material are laid down in different shapes.[2] 3D printing is also considered distinct from traditional machining techniques, which mostly rely on the removal of material by methods such as cutting or drilling (subtractive processes). A 3D printer is a limited type of industrial robot that is capable of carrying out an additive process under computer control. The 3D printing technology is used for both prototyping and distributed manufacturing with applications in architecture, construction (AEC), industrial design, automotive, aerospace, military, engineering, dental and medical industries, biotech (human tissue replacement), fashion, footwear, jewelry, eyewear, education, geographic information systems, food, and many other fields.
VRML VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language, pronounced vermal or by its initials, originally—before 1995—known as the Virtual Reality Markup Language) is a standard file format for representing 3-dimensional (3D) interactive vector graphics, designed particularly with the World Wide Web in mind. It has been superseded by X3D.[1] WRL File Format Standardization The Web3D Consortium has been formed to further the collective development of the format. The first version of VRML was specified in November 1994. Emergence, popularity, and rival technical upgrade In 1997, a new version of the format was finalized, as VRML97 (also known as VRML2 or VRML 2.0), and became an ISO standard. SGI ran a web site at vrml.sgi.com on which was hosted a string of regular short performances of a character called "Floops" who was a VRML character in a VRML world. H-Anim is a standard for animated Humanoids, which is based around VRML, and later X3D. Alternatives See also References External links General Documentation
Drukarka 3D pod strzechą. "Rewolucja na miarę internetu" Reporter "Polski i Świata" poprosił doktora Przemysława Siemińskiego z Politechniki Warszawskiej o wydrukowanie zabawki - klocka lego. Najpierw trzeba wykonać projekt, potem przełożyć go do drukarki - i czekać. - Drukowanie 3D polega na wartstwowym nakładaniu materiału. Jest to technologia przyrostowa, w przeciwieństwie do technologii ubytkowych, jak toczenie czy frezowanie, gdzie materiał jest zabierany - mówi dr Siemiński. Studenci Politechniki Warszawskiej, którzy zaprezentują ciekawy i nowatorski pomysł, mogą w ramach zaliczeń drukować na przykład części do samochodów. Drukarka 3D: "nieskończone możliwości" Jak mówi dr Siemiński, drukowano już koła zębate do pasów bezpieczeństwa albo przyciski do amerykańskiego samochodu, których nie można już dokupić. Ale to nie wszystko. - To jest proste, a możliwości nieskończone. "To będzie przełom" Na razie sprzętem, który pozwala drukować w 3D, dysponują głównie specjalne firmy lub uczelnie, ale to się zmienia. Autor: MAC//bgr / Źródło: tvn24
X3D X3D should not be confused with 3DXML, which is a proprietary 3D file format. X3D is a royalty-free ISO standard XML-based file format for representing 3D computer graphics. It is successor to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML).[1] X3D features extensions to VRML (e.g. X3D extension supports multi-stage and multi-texture render, it also supports shader with lightmap and normalmap. X3D can work with other open source standards like XML, DOM and XPath. Standardization X3D defines several profiles (sets of components) for various levels of capability including X3D Core, X3D Interchange, X3D Interactive, X3D CADInterchange, X3D Immersive, and X3D Full. Liaison and cooperation agreements are also in place between the Web3D Consortium and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) and the Khronos Group. A subset of X3D is XMT-A, a variant of XMT, defined in MPEG-4 Part 11. Applications Example Alternatives