Witchcraft in Tudor and Stuart Essex [From Mary Douglas (ed.), Witchcraft, Confessions and Accusations (Tavistock, London, 1970)] Alan Macfarlane Witchcraft in Tudor and Stuart Essex (1) p.81 This paper will assume a knowledge of the historical background to witchcraft prosecutions in sixteenth- and seventeenth- century . There are many topics that, like witchcraft, need serious investigation by the historian of pre-industrial equipped with contemporary anthropological ideas. In the year 1593 a literary character was made to say- concerning witches: 'I heare of much harme done by them: they lame men and kill their cattle, yea they destroy both men and children. The first object of this paper will be to see how far the assertion that there was 'scarce any towne or village' without its witch was true. Court records, principally those of the Assize and ecclesiastical courts, provide the bulk of the actual prosecutions for witchcraft in Essex. Yet even these numbers seriously underestimate the amount of interest in witchcraft. 1.
Lasers Reveal a Maya Civilization So Dense It Blew Experts’ Minds They were hidden there, all this time, under the cover of tree canopies in the jungles of northern Guatemala: tens of thousands of structures built by the Maya over a millennium ago. Not far from the sites tourists already know, like the towering temples of the ancient city of Tikal, laser technology has uncovered about 60,000 homes, palaces, tombs and even highways in the humid lowlands. The findings suggested an ancient society of such density and interconnectedness that even the most experienced archaeologists were surprised. “Everywhere that we looked, there was more settlement than we expected,” said Thomas Garrison, a National Geographic explorer and an archaeologist at Ithaca College. Researchers found the structures by shooting lasers down from planes to pierce the thick foliage and paint a 3-D picture of the ground below. The method has been used elsewhere, including around the Angkor Wat temple in Cambodia. But it is not only about protecting cultural treasures, Ms. Ms. Dr.
Culture of Cambodia Throughout Cambodia's long history, religion has been a major source of cultural inspiration. Over nearly two millennia, Cambodians have developed a unique Khmer belief from the syncreticism of indigenous animistic beliefs and the Indian religions of Buddhism and Hinduism. Indian culture and civilization, including its languages and arts reached mainland Southeast Asia around the 1st century AD. It is generally believed that seafaring merchants brought Indian customs and culture to ports along the Gulf of Thailand and the Pacific en route to trade with China. The Kingdom of Funan was most probably the first Khmer state to benefit from this influx of Indian ideas. History[edit] The golden age of Cambodia was between the 9th and 14th century, during the Angkor period, during which it was a powerful and prosperous empire that flourished and dominated almost all of inland Southeast Asia. Architecture and housing[edit] Angkor Wat, the most famous Cambodian heritage site. Religion[edit]
Chilam Balam: Introduction Sacred Texts Native American Maya Index Previous Next p. 3 The Books of Chilam Balam are the sacred books of the Maya of Yucatan and were named after their last and greatest prophet. Chilam, or chilan, was his title which means that he was the mouth-piece or interpreter of the gods. Balam means jaguar, but it is also a common family name in Yucatan, so the title of the present work could well be translated as the Book of the Prophet Balam. During a large part of the colonial period, and even down into the Nineteenth Century, many of the towns and villages of northern Yucatan possessed Books of Chilam Balam, and this designation was supplemented by the name of the town to which the book belonged. This Prophet Balam lived during the last decades of the Fifteenth Century and probably the first of the Sixteenth Century 1 and foretold the coming of strangers from the east who would establish a new religion. p. 4 p. 5 professions. p. 6 p. 7 p. 8 p. 9 p. 10 p. 11 p. 12 p. 13 M = Book of Chilam of Mani.
Vietnamese rights lawyer jailed over call for democracy | World news A dissident lawyer and son of a Vietnamese communist revolutionary leader has been sentenced to seven years in prison and a further three years' house arrest for calling for an end to Vietnam's government and its one-party system. Cu Huy Ha Vu was sentenced after a dramatic one-day trial in Hanoi in which one of his defence attorneys was ejected by the judge and his other three lawyers walk out in protest. Vu was left alone to defend himself and had several heated exchanges with the judge. The court convicted him of conducting propaganda against the state for calling for a multiparty government system, demanding the abolition of the Community party's leadership, defaming the state and distorting Vietnam's struggle for independence by calling the country's war against the US a civil war. Vietnam does not tolerate any challenge to its one-party rule. "I did not commit the crime of spreading propaganda against the state," Vu told the court. Judge Nguyen Huu Chinh disagreed.
Civil Rights Movement - Black History The civil rights movement was a struggle for social justice that took place mainly during the 1950s and 1960s for blacks to gain equal rights under the law in the United States. The Civil War had officially abolished slavery, but it didn’t end discrimination against blacks—they continued to endure the devastating effects of racism, especially in the South. By the mid-20th century, African Americans had had more than enough of prejudice and violence against them. Jim Crow Laws During Reconstruction, blacks took on leadership roles like never before. In 1868, the 14th Amendment to the Constitution gave blacks equal protection under the law. To marginalize blacks, keep them separate from whites and erase the progress they’d made during Reconstruction, “Jim Crow” laws were established in the South beginning in the late 19th century. Moreover, southern segregation gained ground in 1896 when the U.S. World War II and Civil Rights Rosa Parks Little Rock Nine Finally, President Dwight D. Sources
Names of India The name India may refer to either the region of Greater India (the Indian subcontinent) or to the contemporary Republic of India located therein. The name is derived from the name of the Indus, or Sindhu River, and has been in use in Greek since Herodotus (4th century BC). The term has appeared in Old English since the 9th century and again in Modern English since the 17th century. The Republic of India has two principal short names, in both official and popular English usage, each of which is historically significant. India[edit] The English term is from Greek Ἰνδία (Indía), via Latin India. The name India was known in Old English, and was used in King Alfred's translation of Orosius. Sanskrit indu "drop (of Soma)", also a term for the Moon, is unrelated, but has sometimes been erroneously connected, listed by, among others, Colonel James Todd in his Annals of Rajputana. Bhārata, Bhārat[edit] ऋषभो मरुदेव्याश्च ऋषभात भरतो भवेत् भरताद भारतं वर्षं, भरतात सुमतिस्त्वभूत् Hindustan[edit]
Venezuela (Orinoko and Guiana Highlands) natural landscapes and nature objects HOME >>> WORLD NATURE LANDSCAPES >>> CENTRAL and SOUTH AMERICA >>> VENEZUELA The Sapo, or Salto el Sapo (Frog, or Toad) waterfall on the Carrao River flowing from the table mountain (mesa, or Tepui, Tepuy). The Canaima Lagoon, Guiana Highlands, Canaima National park, Bolivar State, VenezuelaJulia A. Other images of Venesuela nature: Except this region there are images of other regions natural landscapes: Former USSR States: Carphatians (Western Ukraine), Western Caucasus (Abkhazia), Georgia (Central Caucasus Mountains), Northern Tien-Shan: Issyk-Kul Lake and Zailiysky Alatau, Western Tien-Shan Mountains (Kirgizstan), Tadjikstan (Pamir Mountains); Europe: Norway, Finland, UK: England and Scotland, UK: Wales, France, Netherlands, Spain and Portugal, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Croatia, Bulgaria, Greece, Cyprus; Asia: Turkey, Middle East (Syria, Lebanon and Israel), United Arab Emarates, India (Himalayas), Sri Lanka, North-East of China (Peking), Laos, Thailand, Indonesia (Bali Island);