Religion in the Middle Ages The Catholic Church The Catholic Church was the only church in Europe during the Middle Ages, and it had its own laws and large coffers. Church leaders such as bishops and archbishops sat on the king's council and played leading roles in government. As the population of Europe expanded in the twelfth century, the churches that had been built in the Roman style with round-arched roofs became too small. Monks and Nuns Monasteries in the Middle Ages were based on the rules set down by St. Monks went to the monastery church eight times a day in a routine of worship that involved singing, chanting, and reciting prayers from the divine offices and from the service for Mass. Pilgrimages Pilgrimages were an important part of religious life in the Middle Ages. The major Cathedral Centres of the Middle Ages Beauvais The cathedral at Beauvais (St. This, a building of immense proportions, was begun in 1247, and the choir was completed in 1272. The current nave was begun in 1373.
Viking history The Vikings themselves did not write down their historical events. Historians have had to use other, more indirect means of reconstructing what Viking life was like. The Eastern Route A thousand years ago the Vikings traveled the Eastern Route, to the huge market places in Russia. There is an old Danish document from the 13th century that shows a boat route from Denmark along the Swedish coast to Åland, and via Hitis and Hangö to Reval, i.e. The Viking ships The Viking ships were ca 15 meters long, and they had a mast and textile sails. Read more about the Viking ships Burial ceremonies Funeral ceremonies varied. Viking mythology Viking mythology includes an elaborate creation myth, as well as a graphic description of the future ending of the world, at Ragnarok. Ginnungagap An infinite number of winters before the earth was created there was only the Great Abyss, a gorge of unfathomable depth. Yggdrasil, the World Tree Over time the Gods grew weary of living with the giants in Ginnungagap.
Vikings: History and Legacy KS2 History - Viking home life Secrets of Lost Empires | Medieval Siege Welcome to the companion Web site to the NOVA program "Medieval Siege," scheduled for broadcast on January 24, 2006. In the film, which is a part of the NOVA series Secrets of Lost Empires, a team of timber framers and other specialists design, build, and fire a pair of trebuchets, a devastating engine of war popular in the Middle Ages. Here's what you'll find online: Medieval Arms Race The trebuchet was only the most frightening of the weapons early European warriors employed in siege warfare. Medieval Arms Race | NOVA Builds a Trebuchet | Life in a Castle Destroy the Castle | Resources | Transcript Medieval Siege | Pharaoh's Obelisk | Easter Island | Roman Bath | China Bridge | Site Map NOVA Online | Editor's Picks | Previous Sites | Join Us/E-mail | TV/Web Schedule About NOVA | Teachers | Site Map | Shop | Jobs | Search | To print © | created January 2000
Viking Sea-faring Danes depicted invading England. Illuminated illustration from the 12th century Miscellany on the Life of St. Edmund. Pierpont Morgan Library. Facilitated by advanced seafaring skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia. Popular, modern conceptions of the Vikings—the term frequently applied casually to their modern descendants and the inhabitants of modern Scandinavia—often strongly differ from the complex picture that emerges from archaeology and historical sources. Etymology The Old Norse feminine noun víking refers to an expedition overseas.[6][7] It occurs in Viking Age runic inscriptions and in later medieval writings in set expressions such as the phrasal verb fara í víking, "to go on an expedition". The word víking derives from the feminine vík, meaning "creek, inlet, small bay".[9] The form also occurs as a personal name on some Swedish rune stones.
Learning Technologies Stage Four Email Tasks - Vikings Printout for teacher program The Worksheets Vikings Worksheet 1 Vikings Worksheet 2 Vikings Worksheet 3 Teacher Instructions 1. To send the next email task: 17. This means up to 30 emails will be returned to you - if you do not wish to reply to each individual email then repeat the steps 4-11 to send one email to email the whole class thanking them for their efforts. Email Task 1. History - Ancient History in depth: Viking Religion A Medieval Mystery This lesson is suitable for KS3 History Unit 19: 'How and why did the Holocaust happen?' and could also be used to support Citizenship at KS3 Unit 4: 'Britain - a diverse society?'. The cartoon depicts the profoundly negative way in which Jews were viewed in 13th century England. Their situation did not improve. In 1290 King Edward I expelled every Jew from England, the first time this had happened anywhere in Europe. Thousands of men, women and children were forced to leave for the Continent and Jews were not officially allowed to live in Britain again until 1655. There are a number of figures in the cartoon that we can identify: Isaac fil Jurnet Isaac fil Jurnet was one of the richest Jews in England and certainly the richest Jew in Norwich, where he and his family had lived for a number of generations. Isaac was the chief money-lender to the Abbot and monks of Westminster. Isaac is pictured with a triple beard to associate him with the devil and suggest sexual excess. Mosse Mokke Abigail
"The Wrath of the Northmen": The Vikings and their Memory "The Wrath of the Northmen": The Vikings and their Memory by Christina von Nolckenou won't be surprised that the Vikings were normally viewed by those they came up against in a markedly negative light. Certainly this was true in England, the area most of our early records come from, and the one I am most familiar with. Indeed, the story of the Vikings is usually taken--and not just by English historians--as starting and ending with events in England. The end is often considered to be the 1066 invasion of England by the Normans (originally Vikings themselves who had settled in northern France and adopted the language they found there), though Viking-type raids continued, especially in the Scottish islands, until about the end of the twelfth century. The beginning of the Vikings' recorded story--which coincides with the beginning of recorded history for Norway--is usually marked by a Viking raid on a northern English monastery in 793. 787 [789]. 1002. 1012.
Viking longhouse found in Iceland's Reykjavik Archaeologists digging on Lækjargata in central Reykjavik were looking for traces of a farm cottage built in 1799 – and found a Viking longhouse from some 900 years earlier. The longhouse is at least 20 m long at 5.5m wide at it widest point. The ‘long fire’ in the centre of the hut is one of the largest ever found in Iceland, which visible traces suggesting it was over 5.2 m long. “This find came as a great surprise for everybody,” says Þorsteinn Bergsson, Managing Director of Minjavernd, an independent association working for the preservation of old buildings in Iceland. Lísabet Guðmundsdóttir, archaeologist at the Icelandic Institute of Archaeology, says there is no way of knowing who could have lived in the longhouse. “We have no records of any building on this spot other than the cottage built in 1799,” she explains. The group conducting the dig has already found weaving implements within the hut and a silver ring and a pearl in the immediate vicinity.
stle Builder Image Copyright 1995 by Educational Management Group, Inc. During the Medieval era of history, life was lived by a very different set of political, economic, and social rules. The only form of government was a Monarchy where the king or queen ruled by "divine right." You are a Medieval Castle Builder living in Wales in the year 1076. The Baron wants his castle to not only be beautiful, but also the strongest castle of defense ever built. Before you can begin the castle design, you must first become familiar with the Welsh people who are going to inhabit this castle. After researching and taking notes on what daily life in a Welsh castle is like, you will then begin the design of the Baron's new castle. Your design may take the shape of a three-dimensional poster, a three-dimensional model, a video, or a sculpture. Step 1 - Daily Life To begin your research look at the Internet site "Life in a Medieval Castle" which will give you a good look at daily life in a Welsh castle. Teacher Notes