Annual Reviews - Home

Academic Video Search Robert H. Goddard was born in Worcester, Massachusetts to Nahum Danford Goddard, a businessman, and Fannie Hoyt Goddard. Early in life, young Robert suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis which kept him out of school for long periods of time. However, he kept up with his studies and was an avid readers. It was after reading H.G. After graduating from school, Robert Goddard applied and was accepted at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Unfortunately, in early 1913, Goddard became seriously ill with tuberculosis, and had to leave his position at Princeton. Goddard's thoughts on space flight started to emerge in 1915, when he theorized that a rocket would work in a vacuum, and didn't need to push against air in order to fly. Goddard turned his attention to the components of his rockets. Powder rockets were still problematic. Indeed, the flight of Goddard’s rocket on March 16, 1926, at Auburn, Mass., was as significant to history as that of the Wright brothers at Kitty Hawk.

The role of the microbiome in cancer development and therapy Abstract Answer questions and earn CME/CNE The human body harbors enormous numbers of microbiota that influence cancer susceptibility, in part through their prodigious metabolic capacity and their profound influence on immune cell function. Microbial pathogens drive tumorigenesis in 15% to 20% of cancer cases. Even larger numbers of malignancies are associated with an altered composition of commensal microbiota (dysbiosis) based on microbiome studies using metagenomic sequencing. Practical Implications for Continuing Education Maintenance of microbial diversity is critical for human health. Introduction The microbiota that inhabit our gastrointestinal (GI) tract and other anatomic sites can be considered environmental factors to which we are continuously exposed at high doses throughout life. The Human Microbiome Changes in lifestyles and societal norms influence the microbiome at each stage of life. Microbial Pathogens Drive Certain Cancers Immune System and Inflammation DNA Damage

getSharedSiteSession?rc=1&redirect= Exercise for people with cancer: a clinical practice guideline | Segal | Current Oncology R. Segal, MD*, C. Zwaal, MSc†, E. Early detection and screening programs and improved medical treatments for certain types of cancer have translated into, or resulted in, more people having a better chance of being cured of their disease or living longer with it. Cancer rehabilitation forms part of the cancer journey. Exercise as a prescription is becoming more of a movement throughout the medical field as observed through Exercise Is Medicine Canada ( There are different types of exercise and exercise programs that can affect qol and fitness. Exercise programs can have various combinations of aerobic and resistance exercises. To make clinical practice recommendations, the Working Group of the Exercise for People with Cancer Guideline Development Group synthesized the evidentiary base. Research Questions ■ Does exercise, compared with no prescribed amount of exercise, improve domains of qol in patients with a diagnosis of cancer? Target Population

Dietary copper supplementation reverses hypertrophic cardiomyopathy induced by chronic pressure overload in mice Cancer screening, prevention, and treatment in people with mental illness - Weinstein - 2015 - CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Abstract Answer questions and earn CME/CNE People with mental illness die decades earlier in the United States compared with the general population. Most of this disparity is related to preventable and treatable chronic conditions, with many studies finding cancer as the second leading cause of death. Individual lifestyle factors, such as smoking or limited adherence to treatment, are often cited as highly significant issues in shaping risk among persons with mental illness. However, many contextual or systems-level factors exacerbate these individual factors and may fundamentally drive health disparities among people with mental illness. Introduction Mental Illness and Health Disparities Mental Illness and Cancer The evidence to date from epidemiologic studies regarding mental illness and cancer is now abundant, complex, and conflicting. Overall, studies of incidence vary widely along many dimensions. Theoretical Framework Materials and Methods Description of Search Strategy Individual level

www.uef.fi - FISH, FISH OILS AND MERCURY Mercury is a poisonous environmental pollutant whose greatest source is the emission from lithosphere. Other major sources are industry and burning of wastes and fossil fuels. Mercury exists in three forms: elemental mercury, inorganic mercury compounds and organic mercury. Mercury eventually settles in waterways where it is converted to the toxic (organic) methylmercury by bacteria and algae. This is especially pronounced in Finland where the lakes are shallow and have large catchment areas. The large variation in water levels between seasons washes the humic material and mercury from the soil surface into the lakes. Sources of mercuryMethylmercury is rapidly accumulated by aquatic biota. A proud fisherman (Jaakko) with his catch, a rainbow trout. Mercury has no known physiological role in human metabolism. The adverse effects of mercury ConclusionMercury is said to be the most dangerous environmental poison of all heavy metals. References Rissanen TH, Virtanen JK.

Guidelines for perioperative care after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) society recommendations 8.Epidural analgesia (EDA) 9.Minimally invasive approach Minimally invasive pelvic surgery has been shown to decrease the inflammatory response when compared to the open approach. Laparoscopic rectal surgery seems to reduce the risk of postoperative ileus, complications and length of stay. However, long term oncological results are awaited before any higher LE statement can be drawn. Three prospective case series studies evaluated some form of minimally invasive approach to radical cystectomy. 10.Resection site drainage 11.Antimicrobial prophylaxis and skin preparation Regarding the optimal skin preparation, the ERAS recommendations in elective colorectal are of absolute value in cystectomy patients. 12.Standard anesthetic protocol Attention should be paid to maintain normoglycemia (possibly blood sugar less than 10 mmol/l), and adequate lung ventilation with low tidal volumes to limit peak airway pressure thus reducing the risk of barotrauma. 13.Perioperative fluid management

Research Mercury Toxicity Cardiovascular Disorders I. Introduction Cardiovascular disease affects more people and causes more deaths each year than any other chronic condition. Atherosclerosis is a significant factor in many types of cardiovascular disease: coronary heart disease (CHD); myocardial infarction (MI); angina pectoris; cerebral vascular disease (CVD); thrombotic stroke; transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs); insufficient blood supply to lower limbs (claudication); organ damage and vascular complications of diabetes. Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the U.S. but millions also suffer silent strokes (TIAs) each year that cause memory loss, neurologic disorders, etc. Other types of cardiovascular problems include hypertension, thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, anaemia, and leukopaenia. Thrombocytopaenia is usually microvascular leakage with platelet aggregation, often induced by drugs. II. Kawasaki disease is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in the developed world. III. IV.

NCCN Task Force Report: Bone Health in Cancer Care Assessing Bone Health Osteoporosis and its associated increase in fracture risk is a major health issue for the aging population, and especially for patients with cancer. Hip and vertebral fractures are associated with chronic pain, decreased quality of life, and increased risk of death.1 Much of the morbidity and mortality associated with bone loss can be prevented with appropriate screening, lifestyle interventions, and therapy. Both cancer itself and cancer therapies can have profound effects on bone metabolism. These cancer therapy-related affects combine with other important clinical factors, such as age, prior fracture history, and family history of fracture, to further increase fracture risk.2,3 Lifestyle-related factors, such as smoking, excess alcohol intake, inadequate weight-bearing exercise, low calcium intake, and vitamin D deficiency, are common in patients with cancer. Bone Mineral Density The limitations of DXA measurement must also be recognized. The U.S. Fracture Risk

Mercury and Cardiovascular Disease Cause and Effect We all know from the massive industries that have grown up around pharmaceuticals such as statins and 'functional foods' such as cholesterol-reducing margarines and yoghurts, that elevated blood cholesterol levels are our sworn foe and to be defeated at all costs. That, in short, cholesterol will kill us unless vigorously suppressed. This notion is based upon the rather simplistic version of cardiovascular disease causation that goes something like this: The fat we eat will clog, block and dislodge from within our arteries causing strokes and heart disease. It sounds plausible. So plausible in fact that not only most lay people, but most doctors believe it to be true. For this is exactly what I propose. To say that cholesterol causes heart disease is a little like saying that paramedics cause accidents. Have we not only fingered the wrong culprit but are we effectively trying to kill the paramedic? Have we, in essence, got it all wrong about cardiovascular disease? Allow me to explain. 1.