Lysergic acid diethylamide

Lysergic acid diethylamide, abbreviated LSD or LSD-25, also known as lysergide (INN) and colloquially as acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug of the ergoline family, well known for its psychological effects which can include altered thinking processes, closed- and open-eye visuals, synesthesia, an altered sense of time and spiritual experiences, as well as for its key role in 1960s counterculture. It is used mainly as an entheogen, recreational drug, and as an agent in psychedelic therapy. LSD is non-addictive, is not known to cause brain damage, and has extremely low toxicity relative to dose.[3] However, acute adverse psychiatric reactions such as anxiety, paranoia, and delusions are possible.[4] LSD was first synthesized by Albert Hofmann in 1938 from ergotamine, a chemical derived by Arthur Stoll from ergot, a grain fungus that typically grows on rye. Effects Physical LSD can cause pupil dilation, reduced or increased appetite, and wakefulness. Psychological Sensory Potential uses

Ergine Chemical compound Ergine, also known as d-lysergic acid amide (LSA) and d-lysergamide, is an ergoline alkaloid that occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae and some species of fungi. The psychedelic properties in the seeds of ololiuhqui, Hawaiian baby woodrose and morning glories have been linked to ergine and/or isoergine, its epimer, as it is an alkaloid present in the seeds.[5][6][7] Occurrence in nature[edit] Ergine has been found in high concentrations of 20 μg/g dry weight in the sleepygrass infected with an Acremonium endophytic fungus together with other ergot alkaloids.[8] Ergine is a component of the alkaloids contained in the ergot fungus, which grows on the heads of infected rye grasses. It is also found in the seeds of several varieties of morning glories in concentrations of approximately 10 μg per seed, as well as Hawaiian baby woodrose seeds, at a concentration of around 0.13% of dry weight.[9] History[edit] Sewell RA. Ingestion[edit] Pharmacology[edit]

ALD-52 ALD-52, also known as N-acetyl-LSD, is a chemical analogue of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It was originally discovered by Albert Hofmann but was not widely studied until the rise in popularity of psychedelics in the 1960s. Effects[edit] In Entry 26 of his compendium TiHKAL, which discussed LSD, Shulgin touched briefly on the subject of ALD-52. His writings are vague, second hand accounts, saying doses in the 50-175 µg range have resulted in various conclusions. Safety[edit] In The Hallucinogens by Hoffer and Osmond (1967), ALD-52 is listed as having a lower (approximately 1/5) intravenous toxicity (in rabbits), a lower (approximately 1/8) pyretogenic effect, an equal psychological effect in humans, and double the "antiserotonin" effect as compared with LSD. History[edit] It is possible ALD-52 was the active chemical in the Orange Sunshine variety of LSD that was widely available in California through 1968 and 1969. See also[edit] References[edit] External links[edit]

1P-LSD From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Chemical compound Pharmacology[edit] Since LSD is detected when 1P-LSD is incubated in serum[9] or injected,[10][11] 1P-LSD acts, at least in part, as a prodrug for LSD. Effects[edit] The effects profile of 1P-LSD is not well defined in the scientific literature. Legal status[edit] As of 2015, 1P-LSD is unscheduled in the United States, but may be considered illegal if sold or used for human consumption as a structural analog of LSD under the Federal Analogue Act. [9] 1P-LSD is a controlled substance in France,[14] Finland,[15] Denmark,[16] Germany,[17] Estonia,[18] Japan,[19] Latvia,[20] Norway,[21] Romania,[22] Sweden,[23] Switzerland,[24] United Kingdom, Italy, Singapore[25] the Czech Republic (banned in 2018)[26] and Croatia.[27] 1P-LSD has been illegal in Russia since 2017 as an LSD derivative.[28] See also[edit] References[edit]

AL-LAD From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Chemical compound (psychedelic drug) AL-LAD, also known as 6-allyl-6-nor-LSD, is a psychedelic drug and an analog of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).[2] It is described by Alexander Shulgin in the book TiHKAL (Tryptamines i Have Known And Loved). Effects in humans[edit] While AL-LAD has subtly different effects than LSD, and appears to be slightly shorter lasting, their potencies are similar;[3][4] an active dose of AL-LAD is reported to be between 50 and 150 micrograms.[5] AL-LAD has a known but short and highly uncommon history of recreational human use, which originated in Ireland and the UK, but spread internationally. Chemistry[edit] AL-LAD does not cause a color change with the Marquis, Mecke or Mandelin reagents,[6] but does cause the Ehrlich's reagent to turn purple because of the presence of the indole moiety in its structure. Legal status[edit] AL-LAD is not scheduled by the United Nations' Convention on Psychotropic Substances.[7] Denmark[edit]

BU-LAD BU-LAD, also known as 6-butyl-6-nor-lysergic acid diethylamide, is an analogue of LSD first made by Alexander Shulgin and reported in the book TiHKAL. BU-LAD is a psychedelic drug similar to LSD, but is significantly less potent than LSD,[1] with a dose of 500 micrograms producing only mild effects. ^ Hoffman AJ, Nichols DE (September 1985). ETH-LAD From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Chemical compound ETH-LAD, 6-ethyl-6-nor-lysergic acid diethylamide is an analogue of LSD. Its human psychopharmacology was first described by Alexander Shulgin in the book TiHKAL. ETH-LAD is a psychedelic drug similar to LSD, and is slightly more potent than LSD itself,[2] with an active dose reported at between 20 and 150 micrograms. Legality[edit] On June 10, 2014, the UK Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) recommended that ETH-LAD be specifically named in the UK Misuse of Drugs Act as a class A drug despite not identifying it as ever having been sold or any harm associated with its use.[3] The UK Home office accepted this advice and announced a ban of the substance to be enacted on 6 January 2015.[4] ETH-LAD is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015.[5] See also[edit] References[edit] Further reading[edit] External links[edit]

1P-ETH-LAD From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Chemical compound 1P-ETH-LAD (1-propionyl-6-ethyl-6-nor-lysergic acid diethylamide) is an analog of LSD. 1P-ETH-LAD is a psychedelic drug similar to LSD. Research has shown formation of ETH-LAD from 1P-ETH-LAD incubated in human serum, suggesting that it functions as a prodrug.[2] It is part of the lysergamide chemical class. Like ETH-LAD, this drug has been reported to be significantly more potent than LSD itself, and is reported to largely mimic ETH-LAD's psychedelic effects.[citation needed] 1P-ETH-LAD has little history of human usage before January 2016. Legal issues[edit] United States: 1P-ETH-LAD may be considered illegal in the U.S. for human consumption under the Federal Analogue Act.United Kingdom: It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this substance under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26, 2016.[3] See also[edit] References[edit]

PRO-LAD PRO-LAD is an analogue of LSD. It is described by Alexander Shulgin in the book TiHKAL. PRO-LAD is a psychedelic drug similar to LSD, and is around as potent as LSD itself with an active dose reported at between 100 and 200 micrograms.[1] Legal status[edit] On June 10, 2014 the UK Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) recommended that PRO-LAD be specifically named in the UK Misuse of Drugs Act as a class A drug despite not identifying it as ever having been sold or any harm associated with its use.[2] The UK Home office accepted this advice and announced a ban of the substance to be enacted on 6 January 2015 as part of The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) (No. 2) Order 2014. PRO-LAD is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015.[3] Literature[edit] Andrew J. See also[edit] References[edit] External links[edit]

LAE-32 D-Lysergic acid ethylamide (LAE-32) is a derivative of ergine. It is reported to have some LSD-like effects but is weaker and shorter lasting, with an active dose reported to be between 0.5 and 1.5 milligrams. Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide D-Lysergic acid α-hydroxyethylamide (LSH, LAH), also known as D-lysergic acid methyl carbinolamide, is an alkaloid of the ergoline family, believed to be present in small amounts in various species in the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) (LSA), as well as some species of fungi. Chemistry[edit] The structure is similar to LSD, with the N,N- diethylamide group replaced by an N- (1- hydroxyethyl)amide in D-lysergic acid α-hydroxyethylamide. Pharmacology[edit] The intravenous LD50 of the new alkaloid was approximately 150mg/kg for mice and 0.75 mg/kg for rabbits/ Before death, the mice showed periodic convulsions of a clonic type, erection of the hairs and excitability. Effects[edit] One of the alkaloids in the seeds of Rivea corymbosa (Ololiuhqui), Argyreia nervosa (Hawaiian Baby Woodrose), and Ipomoea violacea (Tlitliltzin) are ergine (LSA) and isoergine (its epimer).[2] The human activity of D-lysergic acid α-hydroxyethylamide is unknown.[2] Legality[edit] See also[edit] References[edit]

Lysergic acid 2-butyl amide See also[edit] References[edit] ^ US patent 2997470, Richard P. Pioch, "LYSERGIC ACID AMIDES", published 1956-03-05, issued 1961-08-22 ^ Oberlender R, Pfaff RC, Johnson MP, Huang XM, Nichols DE.