American Psychological Association (APA)
Big Five personality traits
Personality model consisting of five broad dimensions The Big Five personality traits, sometimes known as "the Five-Factor model of personality" or "OCEAN model", is a grouping of five unique characteristics used to study personality.[1] It has been developed from the 1980s onward in psychological trait theory. Starting in the 1990s, the theory identified five factors and ten values. Each of the five factors is broken up comparatively with two of the identified values. conscientiousness (efficient/organized vs. extravagant/careless)agreeableness (friendly/compassionate vs. critical/rational)neuroticism (sensitive/nervous vs. resilient/confident)openness to experience (inventive/curious vs. consistent/cautious)extraversion (outgoing/energetic vs. solitary/reserved) Those labels for the five factors may be remembered using the acronyms "OCEAN" or "CANOE". Development[edit] Descriptions of the particular personality traits[edit] Openness to experience[edit] Sample items[edit] Extraversion[edit]
The Meaning of Anxiety
Meaning of Anxiety is a book by Rollo May. It was published first in 1950 and then again in a revised 1977 edition. The book is notable for questioning fundamental assumptions about mental health and asserts that anxiety in fact aids in the development of an ultimately healthy personality.[1][2][3] The revised edition discusses the in-between two and half decades of research on anxiety, especially that of Charles Spielberger. Other researchers and their work mentioned include Richard Lazarus, James Averill, and Seymour Epstein's work among others. May says his views are close to those of H.D. See also[edit] References[edit] ^ E. External links[edit] The Meaning of Anxiety
APA Research Style Crib Sheet
APA Research Style Crib Sheetby Russ DeweyGeorgia Southern University Psychology Department [Emeritus] [This page is a summary of rules for using APA style, updated for the 6th edition. I have made every effort to keep this document accurate, but readers have occasionally pointed out errors and inconsistencies which required correction. I am grateful to them and invite additional feedback to me at psywww@gmail.com. This document may be reproduced freely if this paragraph is included. --Russ Dewey, host of Psych Web [psywww.com]] APA Crib Sheet ContentsContents | Back to top APA style is the style of writing used by journals published by the American Psychological Association (APA). Some of the more commonly used rules and reference formats from the manual are listed here. The most notable additions and changes to sixth edition of the APA Manual (2001) include: Contents | Back to top Following is a summary of rules and reference examples in the APA style manual. Contents | Back to top Commas
Existential crisis
An existential crisis is a moment at which an individual questions the very foundations of their life: whether their life has any meaning, purpose or value.[1] This issue of the meaning and purpose of existence is the topic of the philosophical school of existentialism. Description[edit] An existential crisis may result from: The sense of being alone and isolated in the world;A new-found grasp or appreciation of one's mortality;Believing that one's life has no purpose or external meaning;Searching for the meaning of life;Shattering of one's sense of reality, or how the world is;Awareness of one's freedom and the consequences of accepting or rejecting that freedom;An extremely pleasurable or hurtful experience that leaves one seeking meaning; In existentialist philosophy, the term 'existential crisis' specifically relates to the crisis of the individual when they realize that they must always define their own lives through the choices they make. Handling existential crises[edit] J.
Nuclear anxiety
Nuclear weapons, such as this Pershing II, have been the cause of worldwide nuclear anxiety during the Cold War. Nuclear anxiety refers to anxiety in the face of a potential future nuclear holocaust, especially during the Cold War. American anthropologist Margaret Mead viewed such anxiety in the 1960s as a violent survivalist impulse that should instead be channeled toward a recognition of the need for peace.[1] American psychologist Michael D. Newcomb and others defined "nuclear anxiety" in the 1980s post-détente period,[2] Newcomb developing a psychometric to evaluate it with the Nuclear Attitudes Questionnaire (NAQ) in 1986, although mental effects had been at issue since the start of the Atomic Age. Causes[edit] Historical context[edit] The buildup of fear regarding the plausibility of nuclear threat was embedded in the historical and political context of the Cold War. Dispute[edit] Fear-mongering by the political left[edit] Role of social class[edit] Controversy[edit] Michael D.
How to Stop Worrying
Undoing the Worrying Habit Once acquired, the habit of worrying seems hard to stop. We're raised to worry and aren't considered "grown up" until we perfect the art. Teenagers are told: "you'd better start worrying about your future". To the extent that worrying is learned/conditioned behaviour, it can be undone. Centuries-old cultural conditioning has given us a nasty neurosis: the belief that happiness must be "earned". Laid on top of the first neurosis is the idea that spending money will make you happy. So: we never stop working, we never stop spending money, we're never really happy – ideal conditions, coincidentally, for a certain type of slave economy. You won't stop worrying if you think it serves you. The fight-or-flight response (FOF) is useful on rare occasions of real danger. Worrying is never useful. Rearranging the mental furniture This deceptively simple technique is effective because it bypasses the psychological obstacles mentioned above. Accelerator-Brake analogy
Identity (philosophy)
In philosophy, identity, from Latin: identitas ("sameness"), is the relation each thing bears just to itself.[1][2] The notion of identity gives rise to many philosophical problems, including the identity of indiscernibles (if x and y share all their properties, are they one and the same thing?), and questions about change and personal identity over time (what has to be the case for a person x at one time and a person y at a later time to be one and the same person?). Metaphysicians, and sometimes philosophers of language and mind, ask other questions: What does it mean for an object to be the same as itself? Some philosophers have denied that there is such a relation as identity. Jump up ^ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Identity, First published Wed Dec 15, 2004; substantive revision Sun Oct 1, 2006.Jump up ^ The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, 2nd Edition, CUP: 1995Jump up ^ C.J.F. Gallois, A. 1998: Occasions of identity.
