Anglo-Saxon economy The Anglo-Saxon model or Anglo-Saxon capitalism (so called because it is practiced in English-speaking countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, New Zealand, Australia[1] and Ireland [2]) is a capitalist model that emerged in the 1970s[citation needed], based on the Chicago school of economics[citation needed]. However, its origins date to the 18th century in the United Kingdom under the ideas of the classical economist Adam Smith. Disagreements over meaning[edit] Proponents of the term "Anglo-Saxon economy" argue that the economies of these countries currently are so closely related in their liberalist and free market orientation that they can be regarded as sharing a specific macroeconomic model. However, those who disagree with the use of the term claim that the economies of the these countries differ as much from each other as they do from the "welfare capitalist" economies of northern and continental Europe. See also[edit] References[edit] Bibliography[edit]
Communism Communism is represented by a variety of schools of thought, which broadly include Marxism, anarchism and the political ideologies grouped around both. All these hold in common the analysis that the current order of society stems from its economic system, capitalism, that in this system, there are two major social classes: the proletariat - who must work to survive, and who make up a majority of society - and the capitalist class - a minority who derive profit from employing the proletariat, through private ownership of the means of production, and that political, social and economic conflict between these two classes will trigger a fundamental change in the economic system, and by extension a wide-ranging transformation of society. The primary element which will enable this transformation, according to communism, is the social ownership of the means of production. Because of historical peculiarities, communism is commonly erroneously equated to Marxism-Leninism in mainstream usage.
William Shatner Shatner has also worked as a musician; an author; screenwriter and director; celebrity pitchman; and a passionate owner, trader, breeder, rider, and aficionado of horses. Early life[edit] Shatner was born in the Notre-Dame-de-Grâce neighbourhood of Montréal, Québec, Canada, to a Conservative Jewish household.[3] His parents are Anne (née Garmaise) and Joseph Shatner, a clothing manufacturer.[4][5] He has two sisters, Joy and Farla.[6] His paternal grandfather, Wolf Schattner, anglicized the family name to "Shatner".[7] All of Shatner's four grandparents were Jewish immigrants (from Austria-Hungary, Ukraine, and Lithuania).[8][9] Acting career[edit] Early stage, film, and television work[edit] Shatner publicity photo, 1958 In 1954, he was cast as Ranger Bob on The Canadian Howdy Doody Show.[18] Shatner was an understudy to Christopher Plummer; the two would later appear as adversaries in Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country. Star Trek[edit] Shatner as Capt. 1970s[edit] Kirk returns and T.
Kapitalismus Tento článek není dostatečně ozdrojován a může tedy obsahovat informace, které je třeba ověřit. Jste-li s popisovaným předmětem seznámeni, pomozte doložit uvedená tvrzení doplněním referencí na věrohodné zdroje. Stát si většinou ponechává možnost takový ekonomický systém regulovat zákony, např. zákoníkem práce či obchodním zákoníkem. Anarchokapitalismus je pak název pro systém kapitalismu bez přítomnosti jakékoli státní regulace. Ekonomiky takových států, kde stát zasahuje do ekonomiky, jsou smíšené; tržní principy fungují v určitých oblastech, v jiných však vládne monopol či monopson státu. Historický vývoj kapitalismu[editovat | editovat zdroj] Americká burza NYSE, rok 1963. Kapitalistické vztahy v hospodářství se v Evropě objevují již od 16. století, kdy začaly pomalu vytlačovat vztahy feudální. Definice[editovat | editovat zdroj] Will Hutton a Anthony Giddens identifikují tři základní charakteristiky kapitalismu: Kritika kapitalismu a jeho alternativy[editovat | editovat zdroj]
Free market For economic systems coordinated by either free markets or regulated markets, see Market economy. A free market is a market system in which the prices for goods and services are set freely by consent between sellers and consumers, in which the laws and forces of supply and demand are free from any intervention by a government, price-setting monopoly, or other authority. A free market contrasts with a controlled market or regulated market, in which government intervenes in supply and demand through non-market methods such as laws creating barriers to market entry or directly setting prices. A free market economy is a market-based economy where prices for goods and services are set freely by the forces of supply and demand and are allowed to reach their point of equilibrium without intervention by government policy, and it typically entails support for highly competitive markets and private ownership of productive enterprises. Economic systems[edit] Laissez-faire economics[edit] Notes[edit]
Colonialism Colonialism is the establishment, exploitation, maintenance, acquisition, and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. It is a set of unequal relationships between the colonial power and the colony and often between the colonists and the indigenous population. The European colonial period was the era from the 16th century to the mid-20th century when several European powers (particularly, but not exclusively, Portugal, Spain, Britain, the Netherlands, Italy and France) established colonies in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. At first the countries followed mercantilist policies designed to strengthen the home economy at the expense of rivals, so the colonies were usually allowed to trade only with the mother country. By the mid-19th century, however, the powerful British Empire gave up mercantilism and trade restrictions and introduced the principle of free trade, with few restrictions or tariffs. Definitions[edit] Types of colonialism[edit] History[edit]
Text - H.R.4 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 Calendar No. 401 To reauthorize programs of the Federal Aviation Administration, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. (a) Short title. (b) Table of contents. Sec. 1. Except as otherwise expressly provided, this Act and the amendments made by this Act shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act. SEC. 101. (a) Authorization. “(1) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; “(2) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2019; “(3) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; “(4) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; “(5) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and “(6) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.”. (b) Obligation authority. SEC. 102. (a) Authorization of appropriations from Airport and Airway Trust Fund. “(1) $3,330,000,000 for fiscal year 2018. “(2) $3,398,000,000 for fiscal year 2019. “(3) $3,469,000,000 for fiscal year 2020. “(4) $3,547,000,000 for fiscal year 2021. (b) Authorized expenditures. SEC. 103.
Pope finds a new enemy - capitalism Pope Francis's attack on some of the values of capitalism has reignited a long-running debate about whether the free market is compatible with Christianity. The recently elected Pope continued his revitalization of the Church with an outspoken statement against the "new tyranny" of "unfettered capitalism." (Read more: Pope Francis on capitalism) "Some people continue to defend trickle-down theories which assume that economic growth,encouraged by a free market, will inevitably succeed in bringing about greater justice and inclusiveness in the world,"he wrote, in a direct rebuttal of the theory espoused by free-market thinkers that wealth eventually benefits the whole of society. "This opinion, which has never been confirmed by the facts, expresses a crude and naive trust in the goodness of those wielding economic power and in the sacralised workings of the prevailing economic system." In essence, no to Gordon Gekko, yes to Bill Gates. (Read more: Vatican opens its books)
Market Capitalism, State-Style Ying Ma on The End of the Free Market: Who Wins the War Between States and Corporations? by Ian Bremmer. Ian Bremmer. The End of the Free Market: Who Wins the War Between States and Corporations? Portfolio. 240 Pages. $26.95. Ian bremmer believes that the free market is worth defending. That threat is state capitalism, and around the world it appears to be the new fad. The governments may be different, but the underlying logic is the same. State presence in the economy, however, does not automatically make a country state capitalist. Unfortunately for market capitalism, the great crash of 2008 has greatly burnished state capitalism’s credentials. Nonetheless, state capitalism is not the way to go, according to The End of the Free Market. Since the end of the Cold War, one authoritarian country after another — from Asia to the Middle East, from Russia to Latin America — has embraced capitalism. Of course, no country can rival China as the granddaddy of state capitalism today.
Grand Alliance (World War II) The Grand Alliance is often called the "Strange Alliance" because it united the world's greatest capitalist state, the greatest communist state and the greatest colonial power.[1] It was essentially an alliance of necessity, as all three needed to join together in order to defeat the threat of Nazi Germany. The Grand Alliance to all intents and purposes was an alliance of convenience between the already allied USA (Led by Franklin Roosevelt) and Britain (by Neville Chamberlain), and the Soviet Union (By Joseph Stalin). The British had reason to ask for one as both Germany and the Japanese Empire threatened not only the colonies of the British Empire in North Africa and Asia, but also the Home Islands. The USA felt that the Japanese and German expansion should be contained, but ruled out force until the attack by the Japanese Imperial Navy on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. Thus, with two common enemies, the Grand Alliance was born, albeit onto shaky foundations.
Complexities: Women in Mathematics by Bettye Anne Case | 9780691114620 | Hardcover Complexities Women in Mathematics Princeton University Press Copyright © 2005 Princeton University Press All right reserved. Chapter One The women appearing in this chapter, inspirations for many currently active mathematicians, received their doctorates before 1960. Julia Robinson's mathematics led to her election as the first woman mathematician in the National Academy of Sciences (NAS); she was also the first woman elected president of the American Mathematical Society (AMS). Marjorie Lee Browne is the third African-American woman currently known to have earned a Ph.D. in mathematics; two of the women profiled in "A Dual Triumph," III.1, cite her as an inspiration. Familial connections abound in this chapter: both Ratto de Sadosky and Barnes had daughters who became mathematicians, while Ratto de Sadosky, Taussky Todd, and Robinson had mathematician husbands. In Her Own Words I came to the U.S. for the first time in 1934, and this is where the story really ought to begin. Reference
Pope Francis should embrace capitalism. It creates the wealth that makes charity possible Christians are no friend of the golden calf. Jesus threw the money changers out of the temple and warned that it was easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to get to Heaven. So it seems fitting than in his first statement of papal intent, Francis launched a scathing attack on free market capitalism. Quote: Just as the commandment “Thou shalt not kill” sets a clear limit in order to safeguard the value of human life, today we also have to say “thou shalt not” to an economy of exclusion and inequality. Such an economy kills. All of this is sadly accurate. But is the Pope's analysis one hundred per cent on the money? That distinction is important. It has been twenty years since communism fell and free markets reigned, and those years have been wonderful for billions of people. Of course, one side-effect is an uneven distribution of wealth and growing inequality. Which is why Christian compassion is maybe the best way to help reduce inequality.