Physicists check whether neutrinos really can travel faster than light | Science According to Einstein's theory of special relativity nothing – not even neutrinos – can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. Photograph: Cine Text/Allstar The scientists who last month appeared to have found that certain subatomic particles can travel faster than light have fine-tuned their experiment to check whether the remarkable discovery is correct. Their modified experiments – which are the result of suggestions from other physicists about potential flaws in their research – should be completed before the end of the year. The original experiment, reported last month, involved firing beams of neutrinos through the ground from Cern near Geneva to the Gran Sasso lab in Italy 720 kilometres (450 miles) away. The finding sent the physics world into a frenzy because it appeared to go against Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity. First time around, the Cern scientists fired pulses of neutrinos lasting around 10 microseconds each through the rock to Gran Sasso.
Theory of relativity The theory of relativity, or simply relativity in physics, usually encompasses two theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity.[1] Concepts introduced by the theories of relativity include: Measurements of various quantities are relative to the velocities of observers. In particular, space contracts and time dilates.Spacetime: space and time should be considered together and in relation to each other.The speed of light is nonetheless invariant, the same for all observers. The term "theory of relativity" was based on the expression "relative theory" (German: Relativtheorie) used in 1906 by Max Planck, who emphasized how the theory uses the principle of relativity. In the discussion section of the same paper Alfred Bucherer used for the first time the expression "theory of relativity" (German: Relativitätstheorie).[2][3] Scope[edit] The theory of relativity transformed theoretical physics and astronomy during the 20th century. Two-theory view[edit] History[edit]
Shooter, Very Cool Gun-Type Fire Extinguisher Concept Email Have you ever imagined to put the fire off in a cool way? Well, this fire extinguisher design is submitted by Eun Jung Kim might answer your question. From the designers : The bullet has a flexible material surface, when it hits the wall, the “cap” separates from the ‘bullet’ so it can reduce the danger. Designer : Eunjung Kim, Yangwoo Kim, Junyi Heo, and Ha Young Song Leading Light: What Would Faster-Than-Light Neutrinos Mean for Physics? The stunning recent announcement of neutrinos apparently exceeding the speed of light was greeted with startled wonderment followed by widespread disbelief. Although virtually every scientist on record expects this discovery to vanish once more detailed analysis takes place, dozens of researchers are exploring the question whose answer could shake the foundations of physics: What if this anomaly is real? Neutrinos are ghostly particles that only weakly interact with normal matter; trillions of neutrinos stream through our bodies every second. Last month researchers from the European OPERA (Oscillation Project with Emulsion-tRacking Apparatus) collaboration reported clocking pulses of neutrinos moving at speeds that appeared to be a smidgen faster than light-speed. The credibility of the OPERA scientists who made the supposed discovery of superluminal neutrinos is not in doubt.
Biocentrism (cosmology) Biocentric universe (from Greek: βίος, bios, "life"; and κέντρον, kentron, "center") — also known as biocentrism — is a concept proposed in 2007 by American doctor of medicine Robert Lanza, a scientist in the fields of regenerative medicine and biology,[1][2][3] which sees biology as the central driving science in the universe, and an understanding of the other sciences as reliant on a deeper understanding of biology. Biocentrism states that life and biology are central to being, reality, and the cosmos — life creates the universe rather than the other way around. It asserts that current theories of the physical world do not work, and can never be made to work, until they fully account for life and consciousness. Critics have questioned whether the theory is falsifiable. Hypothesis[edit] Lanza has said that he intends to publish aspects of biocentrism in peer-reviewed scientific journals.[17] Synopsis of Lanza's book Biocentrism[edit] Reception[edit] See also[edit] References[edit]
Aircraft engine controls Basic Controls and Indicators[edit] Master Switch - Most often actually two separate switches, the Battery Master and the Alternator Master. The Battery Master activates a relay (sometimes called the battery contactor) which connects the battery to the aircraft's main electrical bus. The alternator master activates the alternator by applying power to the alternator field circuit. These two switches provide electrical power to all the systems in the aircraft.Throttle - Sets the desired power level. The throttle controls the mass flow-rate of air (in fuel-injected engines) or air/fuel mixture (in carburetted engines) delivered to the cylinders.Propeller Control - Adjusts the Constant Speed Unit, which in turn adjusts the propeller pitch and regulates the engine load as necessary to maintain the set R.P.M.Mixture Control - Sets the amount of fuel added to the intake airflow. Fuel[edit] If the aircraft is equipped with a fuel pump: Propeller[edit] Cowl[edit] Front view of open cowl flaps
Neutrinos: faster than the speed of light? By Frank Close To readers of Neutrino, rest assured: there is no need yet for a rewrite based on news that neutrinos might travel faster than light. I have already advertised my caution in The Observer, and a month later nothing has changed. If anything, concerns about the result have increased. The response to my article created some waves. I already mentioned some of the problems with the experiment – how it measures the time and the distance involved at huge accuracy, and then takes the ratio to get a speed. This aspect of my personal mystery typifies the problems that the actual experimenters have. A neutrino is detected in Italy, 500 miles from CERN, and the time is recorded. More theoretical perhaps, but from a Nobel Laureate, Sheldon Glashow, comes evidence of an inconsistency in the evidence for super-luminal neutrinos. Ultimately though, as I said in The Observer article, it is experiment that decides and it doesn’t matter how many theorists say nay.
10 Awesome Online Classes You Can Take For Free Cool, but you need iTunes for nearly everything, and that gets an 'F.' Are there really no other places to get these lessons? I was sure there are some on Academic Earth. Flagged 1. 7 of them are available via YouTube. 2. iTunes is free. 1. 2. Don't worry, we're looking out for you! While I have no personal beef with iTunes, I know that many people share your sentiments — so I actually made a concerted effort to include relevant youtube links when possible.
Black body As the temperature of a black body decreases, its intensity also decreases and its peak moves to longer wavelengths. Shown for comparison is the classical Rayleigh–Jeans law and its ultraviolet catastrophe. A black body is an idealized physical body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence. A black body in thermal equilibrium (that is, at a constant temperature) emits electromagnetic radiation called black-body radiation. The radiation is emitted according to Planck's law, meaning that it has a spectrum that is determined by the temperature alone (see figure at right), not by the body's shape or composition. A black body in thermal equilibrium has two notable properties:[1] It is an ideal emitter: it emits as much or more energy at every frequency than any other body at the same temperature.It is a diffuse emitter: the energy is radiated isotropically, independent of direction. Definition[edit] Idealizations[edit] Realizations[edit]
Signs of ageing halted in the lab 2 November 2011Last updated at 18:01 By James Gallagher Health reporter, BBC News Will it one day be possible to stop ageing? The onset of wrinkles, muscle wasting and cataracts has been delayed and even eliminated in mice, say researchers in the US. It was done by "flushing out" retired cells that had stopped dividing. The scientists believe their findings could eventually "really have an impact" in the care of the elderly. Experts said the results were "fascinating", but should be taken with a bit of caution. The study, published in Nature, focused on what are known as "senescent cells". These cells are cleared out by the immune system, but their numbers build up with time. Cleanup Scientists at the Mayo Clinic, in the US, devised a way to kill all senescent cells in genetically engineered mice. The animals would age far more quickly than normal, and when they were given a drug, the senescent cells would die. Eternal youth?
'Water-Trapped' Worlds: Life Around a Cool Star A new study takes a deeper look into the fate of life-permitting water on Earth-like planets around red dwarf stars, the most common stars in the universe. Many of these exoplanets quickly become "tidally locked," with one side always facing their reddish star while the other side freezes in permanent night. The new research suggests that terrestrial, red dwarf-orbiting exoplanets with significantly less water than Earth might end up with almost all of their water "trapped" on the planet's night side, possibly hurting chances of supporting life in the planet's temperate regions. [See Photos of the Strangest Alien Planets] On the other hand, this water-trapping phenomenon might boost an exoplanet's odds for life by keeping at bay a super-heating, runaway greenhouse effect that would otherwise eventually dry a planet out and doom extraterrestrial life. Red suns and 'eyeball Earths' As many as three out of four stars in the Milky Way and other galaxies are red dwarfs. Whither the water?
Bioenergy Bioenergy Switchgrass crops can be harvested to make biofuels. Credit: Warren Gretz We have used biomass energy or bioenergy - the energy from organic matter - for thousands of years, ever since people started burning wood to cook food or to keep warm. And today, wood is still our largest biomass energy resource. The use of biomass energy has the potential to greatly reduce our greenhouse gas emissions. Biomass Energy technology applications: Biofuels Converting biomass into liquid fuels for transportation. Subscribe Read More Bioenergy News Here Bioenergy News & Information: Additional Resources on Biomass Energy: For more information on biomass feedstocks, see DOE's Oak Ridge National Laboratory Biomass Feedstock Research & Analyses Program. Biomass energy content for this section provided in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the Department of Energy. Types Of Renewable Energy Stay Connected To register for our free e-Newsletters, create your free account here: