The World before 1000 BCE
Ancient underwater cities being found that are 10,000 years old
Lost city 'could rewrite history' By BBC News Online's Tom Housden The remains of what has been described as a huge lost city may force historians and archaeologists to radically reconsider their view of ancient human history. Marine scientists say archaeological remains discovered 36 meters (120 feet) underwater in the Gulf of Cambay off the western coast of India could be over 9,000 years old. The vast city - which is five miles long and two miles wide - is believed to predate the oldest known remains in the subcontinent by more than 5,000 years. Using sidescan sonar - which sends a beam of sound waves down to the bottom of the ocean they identified huge geometrical structures at a depth of 120ft. Debris recovered from the site - including construction material, pottery, sections of walls, beads, sculpture and human bones and teeth has been carbon dated and found to be nearly 9,500 years old. Lost civilization "Nothing else on the scale of the underwater cities of Cambay is known.
History of Roman swords | Sword history
Roman swords History of Roman swords. Roman gladius sword, Roman spatha sword and gladiator swords. Roman pugio dagger. Sword history. The Roman Sword or Gladius is one of the most widely recognized swords of any culture. These swords were in use between 4th century BC and 3rd Century AD. Roman legionaries The Romans used all the knowledge they gained from other cultures such as the Greeks and Celts in order to forge these great swords it also allowed them to create a sword for any military situation, examples of this are mountainous regions would require a shorter sword that allowed greater slashing and stabbing, one such sword was the Pompeii Gladius. The Roman sword that really conquered all was the short sword. Roman gladius was the primary sword of Ancient Roman foot soldiers. Gladius was adopted by Romans in 4-3 century BC. Roman gladius sword Gladius sword subtypes:Hispaniensis gladius – the orgiginal gladius imported from today Spain.Mainz gladius-gladius made for northern wars.
Gladiators, 50 AD
Gladiators, 50 AD The spectacle of gladiatorial combat was initiated by wealthy Romans over 250 years before the birth of Christ as a part of the ceremonies held to honor their deceased relatives. Later, these games became separate events sponsored by Rome's leading citizens in order to enhance their prestige. With the decline of the republic and the rise of the empire, gladiator games were appropriated by the emperor. The primary purpose of these life-or-death duels was to entertain the multitude of spectators that jammed the arena. Although some freemen elected to live the life of a gladiator, the majority were slaves, captured during the numerous wars Rome fought to expand its territory. The games began early, lasted all day and were usually divided into three presentations. The morning session was followed by a lunch break in which patrons could leave the arena to satisfy their hunger. The afternoon was devoted to the main event - the combat of the gladiators. 'Kill him!
93 Random Facts about Rome
With nearly 3,000 years of rich history, Rome is often called the “Eternal City.” Though Rome dates back to possibly 625 B.C., the oldest continuously populated city in the world is widely to be considered Byblos in present-day Lebanon dating back to 5000 B.C.j Some linguistic possibilities for the origin of the word “Rome” include the Etruscan word rhome meaning “strength” or “river.” It may also be related to the root rum meaning “teat,” referring to the wolf that suckled the twins Romulus and Remus. Another theory is that Roma was the daughter of Aeneas, a mythical founder of Rome.j Because there were apparently few women in early Rome, Romulus (c. 771-717 B.C.) kidnapped neighboring Sabine women. -- Posted March 7, 2009 References a Burgan, Michael. 2005. b Casson, Lionel. 1998. c Constable, Nick. 2003. d Cowell, F. e Hillers, Delbert. f Kerrigan, Michael. 2001. g Mann, Elizabeth. 1998. h Nardo, Don. 2003.
Oannes by Bruce Magnotti
Pythagorean cup
Cross section Cross section of a Pythagorean cup. A Pythagorean cup (also known as a Pythagoras cup, a Greedy Cup or a Tantalus cup) is a form of drinking cup that forces its user to imbibe only in moderation. Form and function[edit] A Pythagorean cup looks like a normal drinking cup, except that the bowl has a central column in it – giving it a shape like a Bundt pan in the center of the cup. When the cup is filled, liquid rises through the second pipe up to the chamber at the top of the central column, following Pascal's principle of communicating vessels. Common occurrences[edit] A Pythagorean cup sold in Crete A Pythagorean cup sold in Samos Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) used Pythagorean cups as hydraulic components in his robotic systems. See also[edit] References[edit] External links[edit] Pythagorean cup demonstration video
