American Elements: AE Quantum Dots Supplier and Technical Inform (click on an element to view our products) Safety , research , uses and properties for AE Quantum Dots™ are discussed below. is a manufacturer and supplier specializing in producing quantum dots from several semiconductor materials, including Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) , Cadmium Selenide/Zinc Sulfide (CdSe/ZnS ), Lead Selenide (PbSe) and Zinc Cadmium Selenide/Zinc Sulfide (ZnCdSe/ZnS) nanoparticles with well-defined peak emission frequencies between approximately 470 to 730 nm wavelengths. Quantum dots are nanoparticles of certain semiconductor crystals with the novel property of having an extremely narrow emission spectrum (Gaussian Distribution) that is directly proportional to the particle's size. The smaller the particle the more its emission is blue shifted and conversely the larger the particle size, the more its emission is red shifted, thus allowing for the emission of the complete light spectra of color from the same material. Aluminum: Al Scandium-aluminum alloy: Sc-Al Arsenic: As
TRN How It Works: Quantum Computing: Qubits Qubits use properties of one of four types of quantum particles: photons, electrons, atoms and ions. Photons do not interact with each other very well but they travel easily from one place to another, which makes them appropriate for transmitting quantum information. Electrons, atoms and ions don't travel well but readily interact, which makes them appropriate for storing and processing quantum information. Photons The electric field of unpolarized photons vibrates in a plane perpendicular to the photon’s course. Polarized photons’ electric fields, however, vibrate in only one of four directions within that plane: vertical, horizontal and the two diagonals. Photons can be controlled by mirrors and polarizing filters, which block all photons but those with one particular polarization orientation. The phase, or wave cycle, of photons and their times of arrival can also be used as qubits. Electrons Atoms and ions Qubits Ion traps Quantum dots Semiconductor impurities Superconducting circuits
4: Quantum Mechanics The first three articles in this series dealt with special and general relativity, the two great twentieth-century theories of the geometry of spacetime and its relationship with matter and energy. This article will describe the ideas behind a second, simultaneous revolution in physics, one that has had even more profound philosophical and technological consequences: quantum mechanics. The Birth of Quantum Mechanics In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Newtonian description of the dynamics of material objects was supplemented by an equally successful theory encompassing all of electrostatics, magnetism and optics. Newtonian dynamics and Maxwellian electrodynamics cut a wide swath through the scientific problems of the day. One of the biggest puzzles involved the spectrum of radiation emitted by hot objects: thermal radiation. The reality is nothing like this, as Figure 3 shows. In 1900, Max Planck proposed that this was the case, and called the minimum amount a quantum.
The Falling Chimney Web Page When a chimney falls, it is known to break at a certain point before it hits the ground, as it can be seen from the following pictures. Usually the chimney breaks near the bottom or near the middle. Why? Where does it break? Can we understand the forces acting on it, and predict how it is going to fall? The complete details of the theory, and of our experiments with toy models, can be found in our first paper: Toy Models for the Falling Chimney The forces acting on the chimney, at a distance r from the bottom, are the Transverse Shear Stress (S), the Longitudinal Stress Force (P), and the Bending Moment (Nb). S = (3/4) mg sinq ((r^2/H^2) - (4/3)(r/H) + (1/3)) P = (-1/2) mg (1-(r/H)) [(5 + 3(r/H)) cosq - 3(1 + (r/H))] Nb = (-1/4) mg sinq H ((r^3/H^3) - 2(r^2/H^2) + (r/H)) where m is the mass of the chimney, H is the total height, and q is the angle of rotation from the vertical direction. These forces (and the bending moment) are responsible for the breaking of the toppling chimney. Next Page