Reinforcement and Punishment
Learning Objectives Explain the difference between reinforcement and punishment (including positive and negative reinforcement and positive and negative punishment)Define shapingDifferentiate between primary and secondary reinforcers In discussing operant conditioning, we use several everyday words—positive, negative, reinforcement, and punishment—in a specialized manner. In operant conditioning, positive and negative do not mean good and bad.
What Is 'positive Punishment'? Definition And Real-World Examples
Positive punishment is a popular concept in parenting. We'll explain what it is and how you can implement it with six examples. Parenting isn't always a walk in the park, and determining the best way to address your child's inevitable poor behavior can be a tricky line to walk. Techniques like positive punishment and negative reinforcement (two parenting "buzzwords" that you've probably heard a lot already) are just two of the ways parents and child care providers can try to correct a child's behavioral issues.
Teens May Learn Best with Positive Reinforcement
A new study finds that adolescents focus on rewards and are less able to learn to avoid punishment or consider the consequences of alternative actions. University College-London investigators compared how adolescents and adults learn to make choices based on the available information. Investigators tracked the way in which 18 volunteers aged 12-17 and 20 volunteers aged 18-32 completed tasks in which they had to choose between abstract symbols.
Positive Reinforcement in Teenagers
Teenagers might need special incentives to learn skills, develop responsibility and make positive decisions about their conduct. One effective way to encourage the behaviors you want is to use the behavior management technique of positive reinforcement. Through positive reinforcement, you gradually make it more likely that your teenager will demonstrate the desired behaviors. Goals of Positive Reinforcement The beauty of positive reinforcement is that it teaches and motivates specific behaviors by using items or activities that appeal to your teenager, states Shannon Baranski, psychology professor with the Houston Community College.
Using Reinforcement and Punishment at Home
How do I get my child to listen to me at home? This is a common question I hear from parents. One solution is by using the basic principles of reinforcement and punishment. These principles will allow parents to gain control over their child’s behavior, and they will begin to see a decrease in negative behaviors and an increase in positive behaviors at home.
Page 6: Positive Consequences
Page 6: Positive Consequences Once they’ve developed their rules and procedures, teachers must take action either to recognize or to correct student behavior. Such actions are referred to as consequences.
Reinforcement vs. Punishment: Changing BehaviorBehavioral Health Works
Being a parent has been known as the best thing ever BUT also the most challenging endeavor you will encounter in your lifetime. Parents strive to raise a healthy and happy child that will one day grow up as a full-fledged mature and independent adult. But to successfully accomplish this goal, a parent must set forth structure or rules throughout their childhood to help them understand and be realigned when their behavior needs to be modified.
Rewarding behavior is key to parenting teens, study suggests
Parenting is hard, and parenting teens brings about an entirely new set of challenges, from keeping their rooms clean to getting them home before curfew. But, a new study suggests parents who want their teenagers to keep their grades up could have better success if they focus more on rewarding good behavior and less on threatening to punish the bad. According to the report, published in PLOS Computational Biology, British researchers have found that adolescents focus well on positive incentives, but have difficulty staying motivated to avoid penalties.
Positive Reinforcement for Adolescents
By the time children have reached adolescence, their responses are often ingrained, but parental actions can still positively affect adolescent behavior. Since adolescents are struggling to develop their personal identity and are concerned about their body image, parental support is crucial to help positively frame experiences as learning opportunities. Positive reinforcement remains a powerful teaching tool during these formative years, and we encourage parents to take time to contemplate the ways they can help adolescents mature and become self-reliant. Reinforce mature decisions by allowing increased privileges when adolescent demonstrates increased responsibility.
Developmental Psychology at Vanderbilt
Jacob Lee and Matthew Snodgress There is no one individual who influences the development of a child more than the parent. Every aspect of the child’s progression through life, beginning with their genetic makeup, is greatly influenced, if not completely determined by, the parent figure in the child’s life. Parent figures choose the climate which the child will grow up in. Whether that is in regard to family dynamics, intellectual stimulation, or social development.
Page 7: Negative Consequences
Page 7: Negative Consequences Teachers can use negative consequences to reduce instances of noncompliance. When they develop their classroom behavior management plans, teachers should create a negative consequence hierarchy that ranges from the least-intrusive (e.g., rule reminder) to the most-intrusive consequence (e.g., parent contact, office referral). When a student engages in inappropriate behavior, the teacher should begin by administering the least-intrusive consequence. If the student continues to misbehave, the teacher should administer increasingly intrusive consequences until the misbehavior stops. For students who frequently engage in inappropriate or disruptive behavior (i.e., repeat offenders) or commit a major rule violation (e.g., fighting), the teacher might skip the least-intrusive consequences and administer more-intrusive ones.
Positive Punishment: What Is It And How It Works? - MomJunction
Image: Shutterstock Positive punishment! Sounds like a perfect oxymoron. But how can a punishment be positive? How can you even enforce such a punishment? Is it effective?
Positive Reinforcement: Changing The Behavior of Children For The Better
Home » Positive Education » Positive Reinforcement: Changing The Behavior of Children For The Better “The way positive reinforcement is carried out is more important than the amount.”– B.F. Skinner The purpose of reinforcement is to help increase the probability that a specific behavior will occur when a stimulus is delivered after a response is shown.
Punishing a child is effective if done correctly: Some children need consequences to succeed, psychologists say
While recently published parenting books have preached the effectiveness of positive parenting and "no drama" discipline, psychologists presenting at the American Psychological Association's 123rd Annual Convention said don't put timeout in timeout yet. "Parental discipline and positive parenting techniques are often polarized in popular parenting resources and in parenting research conclusions," presenter and researcher Robert Larzelere, PhD, of Oklahoma State University, said at a symposium. "But scientifically supported parenting interventions for young defiant children have found that timeouts and other types of assertive tactics can work if they're administered correctly." In his presentation, Larzelere said his research team interviewed 102 mothers who provided detailed descriptions of five times they had to discipline their toddlers for hitting, whining, defiance, negotiating or not listening.
