Open Letter to that 53% Guy In the picture, you’re holding up a sheet of paper that says: I am a former Marine. I work two jobs. I don’t have health insurance. I wanted to respond to you as a liberal. First, let me say that I think it’s great that you have such a strong work ethic and I agree with you that you have much to be proud of. I have a nephew in the Marine Corps, so I have some idea of how tough that can be. So, if you think being a liberal means that I don’t value hard work or a strong work ethic, you’re wrong. I understand your pride in what you’ve accomplished, but I want to ask you something. Do you really want the bar set this high? Do you really want to spend the rest of your life working two jobs and 60 to 70 hours a week? And what happens if you get sick? Do you plan to get married, have kids? Look, you’re a tough kid. And, believe it or not, there are people out there even tougher than you. And is this really your idea of what life should be like in the greatest country on Earth?
If cyclists planned the roads… « Make Wealth History Last week I mentioned Blackfriars station and its solar bridge, but the station redesign has been in the news for a different reason this week. Cyclists are disappointed about the re-design of the roads around the station, arguing that they have been planned entirely with cars in mind. They will be taking to the streets today in protest, but to raise awareness of the dangers of the current plans and to show how they could be improved, they have also developed a cyclist-friendly alternative. Here is the proposed layout: And here’s what it might look like if the cyclists got their way: For more, see the London Cycling Campaign. Like this: Like Loading... What a Collapse of the Chinese Real Estate Bubble Will Mean for the World What's the most important economic question in the world today? One contender would certainly be whether the euro will collapse. Another might be whether the U.S. will plunge into a double-dip recession. But a third, and possibly the most important over the long term, is whether China can find its way out of the biggest housing bubble ever created. It may seem strange to Westerners, who hear so much about the rise of Asia and growing Chinese competitiveness. The world has to care about Chinese growth, since it is an important driver of the global economy. While Washington has sweated through its partisan debates on budget balancing and economists have bickered over solutions to our low-growth and high-unemployment problems, the Chinese boom of the past several decades has blasted ahead without a glitch. The popular narrative is that China's rise from nowhere in 1978 to its position today as the world's second largest economy has been fueled by cheap labor.
Four Temperaments Choleric, melancholic, sanguine, and phlegmatic temperaments Four temperaments is a proto-psychological theory that suggests that there are four fundamental personality types, sanguine (pleasure-seeking and sociable), choleric (ambitious and leader-like), melancholic (analytical and quiet), and phlegmatic (relaxed and peaceful). Most formulations include the possibility of mixtures of the types. The Greek physician Hippocrates (460–370 BC) incorporated the four temperaments into his medical theories as part of the ancient medical concept of humorism, that four bodily fluids affect human personality traits and behaviors. Later discoveries in biochemistry have led modern medicine science to reject the theory of the four temperaments, although some personality type systems of varying scientific acceptance continue to use four or more categories of a similar nature. History and development[edit] Choleric, sanguine, melancholic, and phlegmatic temperaments The four temperament types[edit]
Two-factor models of personality Beginnings[edit] The Roman physician Galen mapped the four temperaments (sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric and melancholic) to a matrix of hot/cold and dry/wet, taken from the four classical elements.[1] Two of these temperaments, sanguine and choleric, shared a common trait: quickness of response (corresponding to "heat"), while the melancholic and phlegmatic shared the opposite, a longer response (coldness). The melancholic and choleric, however, shared a sustained response (dryness), and the sanguine and phlegmatic shared a short-lived response (wetness). This meant that the choleric and melancholic both would tend to hang on to emotions like anger, and thus appear more serious and critical than the fun-loving sanguine, and the peaceful phlegmatic. However, the choleric would be characterized by quick expressions of anger (like the sanguine, with the difference being that the sanguine cools off); while the melancholic would build up anger slowly, silently, before exploding. David W.
Interaction Styles Interaction Styles are groupings of the 16 types of the MBTI instrument of psychometrics and Jungian psychology. The Interaction Styles model was developed by Linda Berens, PhD, founder of the Temperament Research Institute. This model builds on David Keirsey's Temperament model and its subcategories, and is based on observable behavior patterns that are quite similar to David Merrill's "Social Styles" and William Moulton Marston's DiSC theory. Development[edit] Linda V. Comparison and cross-mapping with Keirseyan Temperament[edit] Plus, he also drew more upon the likes of Ernst Kretschmer and Eduard Spranger, who had other models which he correlated with Galen's temperaments (though they were not necessarily perfect matches of them); while others followed Pavlov and Eysenck, who shaped the modern theories of those who held onto the Galenic names. The role of Thinking, Feeling, Judging and Perceiving[edit] Looking at the type division between Directing vs. See also[edit] References[edit]
Cognitive model A cognitive model is an approximation to animal cognitive processes (predominantly human) for the purposes of comprehension and prediction. Cognitive models can be developed within or without a cognitive architecture, though the two are not always easily distinguishable. History[edit] Cognitive modeling historically developed within cognitive psychology/cognitive science (including human factors), and has received contributions from the fields of machine learning and artificial intelligence to name a few. There are many types of cognitive models, and they can range from box-and-arrow diagrams to a set of equations to software programs that interact with the same tools that humans use to complete tasks (e.g., computer mouse and keyboard). Box-and-arrow models[edit] A number of key terms are used to describe the processes involved in the perception, storage, and production of speech. Computational models[edit] Symbolic[edit] Subsymbolic[edit] Hybrid[edit] Dynamical systems[edit] Locomotion[edit]
Cognitive module A cognitive module is, in theories of the modularity of mind and the closely related society of mind theory, a specialised tool or sub-unit that can be used by other parts to resolve cognitive tasks. The question of their existence and nature is a major topic in cognitive science and evolutionary psychology. Some see cognitive modules as an independent part of the mind.[1] Others also see new thought patterns achieved by experience as cognitive modules.[2] Other theories similar to the cognitive module are cognitive description,[3] cognitive pattern[4] and psychological mechanism. Such a mechanism, if created by evolution, is known as evolved psychological mechanism.[5] Examples[edit] Some examples of cognitive modules: Psychological disorders – cognitive modules run amok[edit] Many common psychological and personality disorders are caused by cognitive modules running amok. Treatment of cognitive module psychological disorders[edit] Psychoanalytic view of cognitive modules[edit] See also[edit]
John Beebe John Beebe (born June 24, 1939, Washington, D.C.) is a Jungian analyst in practice in San Francisco. He received degrees from Harvard College and the University of Chicago medical school. He is a past President of the C.G. Jung Institute of San Francisco, where he is currently on the teaching faculty, as well as Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of California Medical School, San Francisco. He is a Distinguished Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association. Professional interests and activities[edit] A popular lecturer in the Jungian world, Beebe has spoken on topics related to the theory and practical applications of analytical psychology to professional and lay audiences throughout the United States as well as in Canada, China, Denmark, England, France, Italy, Germany, Israel, Mexico, and Switzerland. Eight-function model[edit] Publications[edit] Psychiatric Treatment: Crisis, Clinic and Consultation, with C. Publications on psychological type[edit]
Scientism Scientism is belief in the universal applicability of the scientific method and approach, and the view that empirical science constitutes the most authoritative worldview or most valuable part of human learning to the exclusion of other viewpoints.[1] It has been defined as "the view that the characteristic inductive methods of the natural sciences are the only source of genuine factual knowledge and, in particular, that they alone can yield true knowledge about man and society. Scientism may refer to science applied "in excess". The term scientism can apply in either of two senses: To indicate the improper usage of science or scientific claims. This usage applies equally in contexts where science might not apply,[12] such as when the topic is perceived to be beyond the scope of scientific inquiry, and in contexts where there is insufficient empirical evidence to justify a scientific conclusion. Overview[edit] E. Relevance to science/religion debates[edit] Gregory R. Thomas M.
Thomas Szasz Thomas Stephen Szasz (/ˈsɑːs/ SAHSS; April 15, 1920 – September 8, 2012)[2] was a psychiatrist and academic. Since 1990[3] he had been professor emeritus of psychiatry at the State University of New York Upstate Medical University in Syracuse. He was a well-known social critic of the moral and scientific foundations of psychiatry, and of the social control aims of medicine in modern society, as well as of scientism. His books The Myth of Mental Illness (1961) and The Manufacture of Madness (1970) set out some of the arguments with which he is most associated. Szasz argued that mental illnesses are not real in the sense that cancers are real. His views on special treatment followed from libertarian roots which are based on the principles that each person has the right to bodily and mental self-ownership and the right to be free from violence from others, although he criticized the "Free World" as well as the communist states for their use of psychiatry. Life[edit] Death control[edit]
Taj Mahal in peril: Indian historian Ram Nath The Taj Mahal, India, is in danger and could be a thing of the past within five years, a historian says. Photo: Kate Geraghty The Taj Mahal will collapse within five years unless urgent work is carried out at the site of the famous domed building, an Indian historian says. The 358-year-old mausoleum, one of the wonders of the world which attracts some four million visitors each year, is suffering the consequences of a drying nearby Yamuna River, Britain's Daily Express newspaper reports. Mahogany posts driven into wells which form the main support for the construction are drying and cracking and causing sections of the building to tilt. "If the crisis is not tackled on a war-footing, the Taj Mahal will collapse in between two and five years," said MP Ramshankar Katheria, who is leading a campaign to build a STG71 million ($114 million) dam to preserve water levels. Advertisement "The architectural wonder of the world is losing its shine.
Pre-industrial society Pre-industrial society refers to specific social attributes and forms of political and cultural organization that were prevalent before the advent of the Industrial Revolution, which occurred from 1750 to 1850. It is followed by the industrial society. Some attributes of the pre-industrial societies[edit] Limited production (i.e. artisanship vs. mass production)Primarily an agricultural economyLimited division of labor. In pre-industrial societies, production was relatively simple and the number of specialized crafts was limited.Limited variation of social classesParochialism—Communications were limited between human communities in pre-industrial societies. See also[edit] Bibliography[edit] Daniel R. Grinin, L. 2007.