Nazi Camps

Forced labour under German rule during World War II The use of forced labour in Nazi Germany and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale.[1] It was a vital part of the German economic exploitation of conquered territories. It also contributed to the mass extermination of populations in German-occupied Europe. The Nazi Germans abducted approximately 12 million people from almost twenty European countries; about two thirds of whom came from Eastern Europe.[2] Many workers died as a result of their living conditions, mistreatment, malnutrition, or became civilian casualties of war. At its peak the forced labourers comprised 20% of the German work force. Counting deaths and turnover, about 15 million men and women were forced labourers at one point or another during the war.[3] The liberation of Germany in 1945 freed 11 million foreigners, called "displaced persons" – chiefly forced labourers and POWs. Forced workers[edit] Classifications[edit] Young Polish girl wearing Letter "P" patch.

Holocaust Timeline: The Camps In January 1942, SS official Reinhard Heydrich held a meeting of Nazi government officials to present the Final Solution. At this meeting, known as the Wannsee Conference , the Nazi officials agreed to SS plans for the transport and destruction of all 11 million Jews of Europe. The Nazis would use the latest in twentieth century technology, cost efficient engineering and mass production techniques for the sole purpose of killing off the following racial groups: Jews, Russian prisoners of war, and Gypsies (Sinti-Roma). Their long-range plans, unrealized, included targeting some 30 million Slavs for death. Wannsee Conference entry from the Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. Minutes of the Wannsee Conference planning the annihilation of over 11 million European Jews. Starting early in 1942, the Jewish genocide (sometimes called the Judeocide) went into full operation. Ultimately, the Nazis were responsible for the deaths of some 2.7 million Jews in the death camps. Many photographs of Buchenwald.

Holocaust Timeline Jump to: 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1933 January 30, 1933 - Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany a nation with a Jewish population of 566,000. February 22, 1933 - 40,000 SA and SS men are sworn in as auxiliary police. February 27, 1933 - Nazis burn Reichstag building to create crisis atmosphere. February 28, 1933 - Emergency powers granted to Hitler as a result of the Reichstag fire. March 22, 1933 - Nazis open Dachau concentration camp near Munich, to be followed by Buchenwald near Weimar in central Germany, Sachsenhausen near Berlin in northern Germany, and Ravensbrück for women. Terms of use: Private home/school non-commercial, non-Internet re-usage only is allowed of any text, graphics, photos, audio clips, other electronic files or materials from The History Place.

Economy of Nazi Germany World War I and the subsequent Treaty of Versailles with its severe reparations[1] imposed on Germany led to a decade of economic woes, including hyperinflation in the mid-1920s. Following the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the German economy, like those of many other western nations, suffered the effects of the Great Depression, with unemployment soaring. When Hitler became Chancellor in 1933, he introduced new efforts to improve Germany's economy, including autarky and the development of the German agricultural economy by placing tariffs on agricultural imports.[2] However, these changes—including autarky and nationalization of key industries—had a mixed record. By 1938, unemployment was practically extinct.[3] Wages increased by 10.9% in real terms during this period.[4] However, nationalization and a cutting off of trade meant rationing in key resources like poultry, fruit, and clothing for many Germans.[5] Political economy of Nazi Germany[edit] Pre-war economy: 1933–1939[edit]

Forced labour under German rule during World War II The use of forced labour in Nazi Germany and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale.[1] It was a vital part of the German economic exploitation of conquered territories. It also contributed to the mass extermination of populations in German-occupied Europe. The Nazi Germans abducted approximately 12 million people from almost twenty European countries; about two thirds of whom came from Eastern Europe.[2] Many workers died as a result of their living conditions, mistreatment, malnutrition, or became civilian casualties of war. At its peak the forced labourers comprised 20% of the German work force. Counting deaths and turnover, about 15 million men and women were forced labourers at one point or another during the war.[3] The liberation of Germany in 1945 freed 11 million foreigners, called "displaced persons" – chiefly forced labourers and POWs. Forced workers[edit] Classifications[edit] Young Polish girl wearing Letter "P" patch.

WO II - 5. De Britten en de Woestijnvos | Kunst en Cultuur: Oorlog De Tweede Wereldoorlog. De Duitsers hebben de geallieerden vernederd in Europa. In Noord-Afrika echter behalen ze de eerste grote overwinning. Ze ondervinden hevige tegenstand van de Duitsers onder leiding van Erwin Rommel, de Woestijnvos. De Britten en de Woestijnvos 9 december 1940. De Duitsers vechten terug In Berlijn heeft Hitler genoeg van zijn Italiaanse collega Mussolini. Gesteund door de Luftwaffe dringt het Afrikakorps de Britten terug. De Britten boeken (tijdelijke) overwinning Op 18 november lanceren de Britten een nieuw offensief om de stad te ontzetten. Lees verder

Nazi Germany - Concentration Camps Between 1933 and 1945 the Nazis opened around 20,000 concentration camps in Germany and Nazi-occupied countries to deal with the numbers of people arrested as enemies of the state. The camps were run by the SS and inmates faced harsh, insanitary conditions, poor diet, forced hard labour and ad hoc punishments. The first camp was opened at Dachau on 22nd March 1933. It was built to detain 5000 political opponents of the Nazi Party, mainly Communists. In 1934 the Nazis began using inmates of concentration camps as forced labour for personal or camp projects. All concentration camp inmates had to wear a coloured badge to show the nature of their ‘crime’. Killing Centres The Nazis operated five main purpose-built killing centres, sometimes referred to as death camps or extermination camps. Chelmno began operating as a killing centre in December 1941. Belzec opened in March 1942. Sobibor opened in May 1942. Activities Bibliography/Further Information

Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt WVHA - www.HolocaustResearchProject.org The SS Wirtschafts und Verwaltungshauptamt (WVHA; Economic and Administrative Main Office) was established in March 1942, with Oswald Pohl as its chief. It took the place of several previous offices, including the Administrative Department (Verwaltungsamt) of the SS Central Office (SS Hauptamt), the Department of Budget and Buildings (Hauptamt Haushalt und Bauten), and the Inspector of Concentration Camps (Inspekteur der Konzentrationslager). On February 1, 1942, Himmler ordered another reorganization, and both main offices were fused into one large SS Economic and Administrative Main Office (WVHA). Himmler order, dated April 20th, 1939, establishing the [Hauptamt Verwaltung und Wirtschaft] "Main Office for Administration and Economy" which would later become the WVHA: The WVHA was organized into the following divisions and offices: Division A Chief: SS Brigadefuehrer and Brigadier General of the Waffen SS Frank with offices: B I Food.B II Clothing.B III Housing.

Concentration Camp Economics Concentration Camp Economics by Ronald A. Young The Touchstone, Vol. XI, No. 1, Feb. A socioeconomic system that has grown dependent upon the imprisonment of millions of people. The fast-paced growth of the U.S. prison industry, with its exorbitant incarceration rates, was originally advertised to the people as a necessary part of the "get tough on crime" movement. Perhaps madness is a misnomer for what is occurring in the United States. American society is ominously taking on characteristics similar to those made most popular by the German Third Reich over sixty years ago. The United States hasn't arrived at the Fourth Reich -- yet. Though corporate privatization is making huge inroads into the prison business, the majority of prison construction and operation still remains in the public sector. In 1955, Burlington Industries bought the town's Postex Cotton Mills which eventually expanded to employ 450 workers at its height of operation in 1973.

Aktion Reinhard Economics On 5 January 1944, Odilo Globocnik wrote to Heinrich Himmler from Trieste, setting out details of the economic plunder of Aktion Reinhard. It followed an earlier report that Globocnik had submitted on 4 November 1943. In fine detail, Globocnik calculated the gross yield to Germany of the murder of some 2 million Jews at a sum in excess of 178 million Reichsmark, then equal to US$71 million. The equivalent value today (2004) would be approximately US$760 million. Impressive though this figure is, it represents no more than a fraction of the true extent of the larceny involved. In the second of his letters, Globocnik was at pains to stress the accuracy of his bookkeeping, since "a certain odium still rests upon me to the effect that in all economic matters I do not maintain the necessary order." The template for the economic exploitation and expropriation of Jewish property was laid down in the early stages of the Third Reich’s existence.

Heinrich Himmler High Nazi Germany official, head of the SS Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈluːɪtˌpɔlt ˈhɪmlɐ] ( listen); 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) of Germany. Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and a main architect of the Holocaust. As a member of a reserve battalion during World War I, Himmler did not see active service. He studied agronomy in university, and joined the Nazi Party in 1923 and the SS in 1925. On Hitler's behalf, Himmler formed the Einsatzgruppen and built extermination camps. Early life Heinrich Luitpold Himmler was born in Munich on 7 October 1900 into a conservative middle-class Roman Catholic family. Himmler's first name, Heinrich, was that of his godfather, Prince Heinrich of Bavaria, a member of the royal family of Bavaria, who had been tutored by Gebhard Himmler. Nazi activist Rise in the SS Consolidation of power Anti-church struggle