Psilocin

Online Books : "TIHKAL" - #18 4-HO-DMT SYNTHESIS : To a solution of 0.50 g 4-acetoxyindole (see preparation in the recipe for 4-HO-DET) in 4 mL Et2O, that was stirred and cooled with an external ice bath, there was added, dropwise, a solution of 0.5 mL oxalyl chloride in 3 mL anhydrous Et2O. Stirring was continued for 0.5 h and the intermediate indoleglyoxylchloride separated as a yellow crystalline solid but it was not isolated. There was then added, dropwise, a 40% solution of dimethylamine in Et2O until the pH came to 8-9. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 100 mL CHCl3, and the organic phase was washed with 30 mL of 5% NaHSO4 solution, with 30 mL of saturated NaHCO3, and finally with 30 mL of saturated brine. A suspension of 0.38 g LAH in 10 mL anhydrous THF was held in an inert atmosphere and vigorously stirred. Most of the early syntheses of psilocin and psilocybin employ the O-benzyl ether as a protecting group. DOSAGE : 10 - 20 mg, orally (as the indolol, the acetate or the phosphate) Another aside.

Psilocybin Psilocybin[nb 1] (/ˌsɪləˈsaɪbɪn/ SIL-ə-SY-bin) is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound produced by more than 200 species of mushrooms, collectively known as psilocybin mushrooms. The most potent are members of the genus Psilocybe, such as P. azurescens, P. semilanceata, and P. cyanescens, but psilocybin has also been isolated from about a dozen other genera. As a prodrug, psilocybin is quickly converted by the body to psilocin, which has mind-altering effects similar (in some aspects) to those of LSD, mescaline, and DMT. In general, the effects include euphoria, visual and mental hallucinations, changes in perception, a distorted sense of time, and spiritual experiences, and can include possible adverse reactions such as nausea and panic attacks. History[edit] Early[edit] Modern[edit] Albert Hofmann (shown here in 1993) purified psilocybin and psilocin from Psilocybe mexicana in the late 1950s. Occurrence[edit]

ac.els-cdn.com/S0379073898001686/1-s2.0-S0379073898001686-main.pdf?_tid=a0042cb8-1c3a-11e2-8808-00000aab0f26&acdnat=1350905069_790652dd3591657f9ac6a4c578ba799e Btk. 176. § Kábítószer kereskedelem - Kábítószer-kereskedelem 176. § (1) Aki kábítószert kínál, átad, forgalomba hoz, vagy azzal kereskedik, bűntett miatt két évtől nyolc évig terjedő szabadságvesztéssel büntetendő. (2) A büntetés öt évtől tíz évig terjedő szabadságvesztés, ha a bűncselekményt a) bűnszövetségben, b) hivatalos vagy közfeladatot ellátó személyként, e minőséget felhasználva vagy c) a Magyar Honvédség, a rendvédelmi szervek vagy a Nemzeti Adó- és Vámhivatal létesítményében követik el. (3) A büntetés öt évtől húsz évig terjedő vagy életfogytig tartó szabadságvesztés, ha a bűncselekményt jelentős mennyiségű kábítószerre követik el. (4) Az (1)-(3) bekezdés szerint büntetendő, aki az ott meghatározott bűncselekmény elkövetéséhez anyagi eszközöket szolgáltat. (5) Aki csekély mennyiségű kábítószert kínál vagy átad, a) az (1) bekezdésben meghatározott esetben vétség miatt két évig, b) a (2) bekezdés b)-c) pontjában meghatározott esetben egy évtől öt évig terjedő szabadságvesztéssel büntetendő. (6) Aki ca) kínál, átad, Kábítószeren:

Psilocybin Psilocybin is Schedule I in the United States. This means it is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, or distribute without a DEA license. Not available by prescription. Fresh and dried psilocybin mushrooms are considered containers of Psilocybin, making them illegal to possess as well. Addictive Potential: None Emergency Room Visits Yearly: Unknown Mandatory Minimum Sentence: Unknown Mechanism of Action: agonist of the serotonin receptors primarily at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C Overview: Psilocybin is also known as 4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine. Mushrooms containing psilocybin and psilocin are available fresh or dried and are typically taken orally. Pharmacology: Trip Reports: Side Effects and Adverse Reactions: Psilocybin and psilocin can produce muscle relaxation or weakness, ataxia, excessive pupil dilation, nausea, stomach pain, vomiting, and drowsiness. Articles: Research: E-books: Recommended In-Print Books: Other Informational Resources: Psilocybin: Investigator’s Brochure

Indole alkaloid History[edit] The action of some indole alkaloids has been known for ages. Aztecs used the psilocybin mushrooms which contain alkaloids psilocybin and psilocin. The flowering plant Rauwolfia serpentina which contains reserpine was a common medicine in India around 1000 BC. Africans used the roots of the perennial rainforest shrub Iboga, which contain ibogaine, as a stimulant. Consumption of rye and related cereals contaminated with the fungus Claviceps purpurea causes ergot poisoning and ergotism in humans and other mammals. The first indole alkaloid, strychnine, was isolated by Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou in 1818 from the plants of the Strychnos genus. Classification[edit] Depending on their biosynthesis, two types of indole alkaloids are distinguished; isoprenoids and non-isoprenoids. Non-isoprenoid: Simple derivatives of indoleSimple derivatives of β-carbolinePyrroloindole alkaloidsIsoprenoid: Non-isoprenoid indole alkaloids[edit] Simple indole derivatives[edit]

Seeking the Magic Mushroom Background[edit] Huautla de Jiménez Wasson first became interested in mycology during his honeymoon in the Catskill Mountains in 1927.[7] His new wife, Valentina Pavlovna Wasson, a native of Moscow, Russia, was identifying and collecting mushrooms in the forest, having been brought up with an appreciation for the species. Wasson was disgusted. In 1952, English poet Robert Graves sent the Wassons a letter containing a journal article quoting American ethnobotanist Richard Evans Schultes discussing the ritual use of mushrooms by Mesoamericans in the 16th century.[9] The ritual was first observed in modern times in 1938 by American anthropologist Jean Basset Johnson in Huautla de Jiménez, in the Sierra Mazateca region of Oaxaca, Mexico.[10] Beginning in 1953, Wasson repeatedly traveled to Mexico in search of the mushrooms. Notes[edit] References[edit] Allen, John W. 2002. Further reading[edit]

Psilocin Psilocin is Schedule I in the United States. This means it is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, or distribute without a DEA license. Not available by prescription. Addictive Potential: None Emergency Room Visits Yearly: Unknown Mandatory Minimum Sentence: Unknown Mechanism of Action: Agonist of the serotonin receptors, at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C, among others (see a more detailed discussion below) Overview: Psilocin is also known as 4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 4-HO-DMT. Mushrooms containing psilocybin and/or psilocin are available fresh or dried and are typically taken orally. Pharmacology: The graph below (Ray, 2010) shows the affinity of psilocin for forty-two receptors, arranged in order of decreasing affinity (click the image to enlarge). As explained by Ray (2010), “The black vertical bar represents a 100-fold drop in affinity relative to the receptor with the highest affinity. Side Effects and Adverse Reactions: Research: Other Informational Resources: