Other Ancient Calendars When did ancient months start? In the eighth century B.C.E., civilizations all over the world either discarded or modified their old 360 day calendars. The 360 day calendars had been in use for the greater part of a millennium. In many places, month lengths immediately after that change were not fixed, but were based instead upon observation of the sky. Priest-astronomers were assigned the duty of declaring when a new month began – it was usually said to have started at the first sighting of a new moon. Month length at that time was simply the number of days that passed from one new lunar crescent to the next. During those years in Rome, for example, a Pontifex (priest) observed the sky and announced a new moon and therefore the new month to the king. This practice of starting a month at the first sighting of a new moon was observed not only by Romans but by Celts and Germans in Europe and by Babylonians and Hebrews in the Lavant. When was the ancient new year? Babylonian calendar Overview
Timeline of World History - Category:History timelines — Wikimedia Commons Native American People (First Nations and American Indian Cultures) Easter Island - Moai Statues and Rock Art of Rapa Nui spaceplay / pause qunload | stop ffullscreen shift + ←→slower / faster (latest Chrome and Safari) ←→seek . seek to previous 12…6 seek to 10%, 20%, …60% MOAI Stone Statue Rapa Nui, or Easter Island as it was to become known, is the Polynesian island found in the south east Pacific Ocean. The sequence of events on Easter Island occurred over centuries, but there appears to be a critical period of 27 years - between 1837 when the Moai statues were standing, and 1864 when they had all been pulled down. In 1995 the Chairman of the Bradshaw Foundation, Damon de Laszlo, and John Robinson, joined Doctor Georgia Lee on Easter Island to witness the surviving culture of Rapa Nui, in the remarkable setting of its powerful landscape and artistic legacy. spaceplay / pause qunload | stop ffullscreen shift + ←→slower / faster (latest Chrome and Safari) ←→seek . seek to previous 12…6 seek to 10%, 20%, …60% .
Biographical Dictionary - S9.com Egyptian calendar The ancient civil Egyptian calendar had a year that was 365 1/4 days long. The year consisted of 12 months of 30 days each, plus five extra days (epagomenae, from Greek ἐπαγόμεναι) at the end of the year. The months were divided into three weeks (decans) of ten days each. Because the ancient Egyptian year was almost a quarter of a day shorter than the solar year and stellar events therefore "wandered" through the calendar, it has been referred to as the annus vagus, or "wandering year". Based on his understanding of the Palermo Stone, Alexander Scharff believed that the Old Kingdom period observed a year with 320 days.[1] Early uses[edit] A tablet from the reign of First Dynasty King Djer (c. 3000 BC) was conjectured by early Egyptologists to indicate that the Egyptians had already established a link between the heliacal rising of Sirius (Egyptian Sopdet, Greek Σείριος Seirios) and the beginning of the year. Ptolemaic and Roman calendar[edit] Reformed calendar[edit] See also[edit]
Sumérien Le sumérien (en sumérien « 𒅴𒂠 » ; translittération : EME.ĜIR15) est une langue morte qui était parlée dans l'Antiquité en Basse Mésopotamie. Elle est ainsi la langue parlée à Sumer aux IVe et IIIe millénaires av. J. Le sumérien semble être la plus ancienne langue écrite connue, sous une forme d'écriture appelée le cunéiforme, voire la plus ancienne langue connue[5]. L'akkadien a progressivement remplacé le sumérien comme langue parlée autour du XXe siècle av. Terminologie[modifier | modifier le code] Redécouverte[modifier | modifier le code] La redécouverte de la langue sumérienne se produit dans le contexte de la traduction des inscriptions cunéiformes à partir de la première moitié du XIXe siècle. Il est rapidement établi qu'il s'agit d'une langue agglutinante, ce qui fait qu'on la range d'abord dans la catégorie des langues « touraniennes » ou « scythiques », celles qui sont caractérisées de nos jours comme « ouralo-altaïques ». Sources[modifier | modifier le code] Remarques : Exemple :
Food Timeline: food history research service Reference, Facts, News - Free and Family-friendly Resources - Refdesk.com FOCollins The basis of the current western financial/legal system, and (some of) it's corruptions. The Roman Cult (Vatican). Estate Law. Trust Law. Cestui Que Vie Trusts. How did we get here? Part 1/4 - What do the words Attorney and Barrister really mean?
Sumerian Mythology: Introduction Sacred Texts Ancient Near East Index Previous Next p. 1 The study of Sumerian culture introduced by the present volume, Sumerian Mythology, is to be based largely on Sumerian literary sources; it will consist of the formulation of the spiritual and religious concepts of the Sumerians, together with the reconstructed text and translation of the Sumerian literary compositions in which these concepts are revealed. The decipherment of Sumerian differed from that of Accadian 3 and Egyptian in one significant detail, a detail p. 2 which proved to be one of the factors in hampering the progress of Sumerology to no inconsiderable extent. Historically, the decipherment of Sumerian resulted from that of Accadian, which in turn followed the decipherment of cuneiform Persian. p. 3 [paragraph continues] Achaemenid proper names as handed down in Biblical and classical literature, the German scholar, Grotefend, succeeded in deciphering a large part of the Persian version of the inscriptions. p. 4 p. 5 p. 6
NOVA | Explore Ancient Egypt Explore Ancient Egypt With 360-degree and other imagery, walk around the Sphinx, enter the Great Pyramid, visit tombs and temples, and more. Want to walk around the Sphinx? View From Top You are now standing atop Khufuís Pyramid, 45 stories above the Giza Plateau. Other things to look for as you navigate around the summit are the Sphinx, Khufu's three Queens' Pyramids, greater Cairo, and—hard to miss—Khafre's Pyramid. Descending Passage Length: 192 feetWidth: 3.5 feetHeight: 4 feetAfter ducking into the Great Pyramid at its entrance 55 feet up its northern face, you begin working your way carefully down the Descending Passage. Subterranean Chamber Length: 46 feet (planned)Width: 24 feet (planned)Height: 17.5 feet (planned)This unfinished chamber, lying nearly 100 feet below the surface of the Giza Plateau, is closed to the public. Do you see the small grated opening across the room from the entrance? Ascending Passage Okay, let's begin. Grand Gallery (Lower) "Queen's Chamber" King's Chamber
Council of Vienne 1311-1312 A.D. re Unum Sanctum 1302 v Magna Carta 1215 :: Yvonne-s-research-notes In 1301 King Philip had a French bishop tried for treason and imprisoned. This was intolerable and Boniface issued a reproving bull, which in 1302 was decisively rejected by the Estates General, even the French clergy supporting their king. "The Bull lays down dogmatic propositions on the unity of the Church, the necessity of belonging to it for the attainment of eternal salvation, the position of the Pope as supreme head of the Church, and the duty thence arising of submission to the Pope in order to belong to the Church and thus to attain salvation. - in the writings of non-Catholic authors against the definition of Papal Infallibility, the Bull ... was used against Boniface VIII as well as against the papal primacy in a manner not justified by its content. Please note The fight against usury goes back to the earliest known beginnings of civilization. ... Usery V Equity ( Usery is a sin)
Sumer Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Situation du Pays de Sumer Ayant été complètement oubliée après les débuts de notre ère, la civilisation de Sumer a été redécouverte durant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle grâce aux fouilles de sites archéologiques du Sud mésopotamien, dont l'exploration s'est poursuivie par la suite, jusqu'à connaître un arrêt en raison des troubles politiques affectant l'Irak à partir des années 1990. En plus des redécouvertes architecturales et artistiques qui furent à plusieurs reprises remarquables, les fouilles ont permis la découverte de dizaines de milliers de tablettes inscrites en écriture cunéiforme, qui est la plus ancienne documentation écrite connue avec celle de l’Égypte antique. Sumer est donc l'une des plus anciennes civilisations historiques connues, ayant participé à la mise au point de ce système d'écriture durant les derniers siècles du IVe millénaire av. Conditions d'étude[modifier | modifier le code] Un peuple ? ↑ J. (de) Gebhard J.