CERN

Black Death Spread of the Black Death in Europe (1346–53) The Black Death is thought to have originated in the arid plains of central Asia, where it then travelled along the Silk Road, reaching the Crimea by 1343.[6] From there, it was most likely carried by Oriental rat fleas living on the black rats that were regular passengers on merchant ships. Spreading throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, the Black Death is estimated to have killed 30–60% of Europe's total population.[7] In total, the plague reduced the world population from an estimated 450 million down to 350–375 million in the 14th century. The aftermath of the plague created a series of religious, social, and economic upheavals, which had profound effects on the course of European history. It took 150 years for Europe's population to recover. Chronology Origins of the disease Plague was reportedly first introduced to Europe at the trading city of Caffa in the Crimea in 1347. European outbreak Middle Eastern outbreak Symptoms Naming Causes

CERN Podcast Le dix-neuvième siècle Les Saucissons chauds Emile Zola: Notes d'un ami par Paul Alexis L'Assommoir: la visite du Louvre en hypertexte Voir aussi: 32nd Annual 19th Century French Studies Colloquium 19th Century French Studies Scholars Dix-Neuf ressources sur le dix-neuvième siècle (pages proposées par Tim Unwin de l'Université de Bristol), et le miroir à l'Université de Toronto: Dix-Neuf sites et ressources sur le dix-neuvième siècle. NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRENCH STUDIES : Vue d'ensemble proposée par Charles Stivale. Slavery in the Francophone World Langue du XIXe siècle NCFS 1999, Pedagogical Roundtable : Choix de textes pour les études dix-neuviémistes. GALLICA : Site du dix-neuvième siècle proposé par la Bnf. Centre d'études du 19e siècle français J. Littérature Francophone Virtuelle: XIXe siècle (Swarthmore College) Le Musée d'Orsay : le musée des artistes du dix-neuvième siècle (à partir de 1848). Mythes du désir au XIXe siècle. La Page Saucissons d'Emile Zola (et liens pour le centenaire de "J'Accuse")

Inertial frame of reference All inertial frames are in a state of constant, rectilinear motion with respect to one another; an accelerometer moving with any of them would detect zero acceleration. Measurements in one inertial frame can be converted to measurements in another by a simple transformation (the Galilean transformation in Newtonian physics and the Lorentz transformation in special relativity). In general relativity, in any region small enough for the curvature of spacetime to be negligible, one can find a set of inertial frames that approximately describe that region.[2][3] Physical laws take the same form in all inertial frames.[4] By contrast, in a non-inertial reference frame the laws of physics vary depending on the acceleration of that frame with respect to an inertial frame, and the usual physical forces must be supplemented by fictitious forces.[5][6] For example, a ball dropped towards the ground does not go exactly straight down because the Earth is rotating. Introduction[edit] Background[edit]

History - World Wars: Nazi Propaganda Cymatics Resonance made visible with black seeds on a harpsichord soundboard Cornstarch and water solution under the influence of sine wave vibration Cymatics (from Greek: κῦμα "wave") is the study of visible sound co vibration, a subset of modal phenomena. Typically the surface of a plate, diaphragm, or membrane is vibrated, and regions of maximum and minimum displacement are made visible in a thin coating of particles, paste, or liquid.[1] Different patterns emerge in the excitatory medium depending on the geometry of the plate and the driving frequency. The apparatus employed can be simple, such as the old Chinese spouting bowl, or Chinese singing fountain, in which copper handles are rubbed and cause the copper bottom elements to vibrate.[citation needed] Other examples include the Chladni Plate[2] and the CymaScope. Etymology[edit] History[edit] On July 8, 1680, Robert Hooke was able to see the nodal patterns associated with the modes of vibration of glass plates. Influences in art[edit]

Triumph of Hitler: Nazis Boycott Jewish Shops Just a week after the Enabling Act made Hitler dictator of Germany, a national boycott of Jewish shops and department stores was organized by Nazis under the direction of Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels. The boycott was claimed to be in reaction to unflattering newspaper stories appearing in Britain and America concerning Hitler's new regime. The Nazis assumed most journalists were either Jewish or sympathetic to Jews and thus they labeled the bad publicity as "atrocity propaganda" spread by "international Jewry." The boycott began at 10 a.m. on Saturday, April 1st, 1933, and lasted only a day. Nazi Brownshirts, the SA storm troopers, stood at entrances to Jewish shops, department stores, professional offices and various places of business. They held poster signs saying: "Germans, defend yourselves against the Jewish atrocity propaganda, buy only at German shops!"

Is the universe a doughnut? Credit: iStockphoto Someday spacecraft will be powerful enough perhaps to journey at extraordinary speeds, spanning the vast interstellar voids. Our technology might develop until we become a vast, powerful intergalactic society, capable of resolving the deepest quandaries ever known. Only then could we definitely answer what is perhaps the ultimate question: “Is the universe shaped like a doughnut?” This last question pertains to an idea attributed to Homer and mentioned by guest star Stephen Hawking in an episode of The Simpsons. “We were looking for someone much smarter than all the Mensa members, and so we naturally thought of him,” says the cartoon’s executive producer Al Jean, explaining his decision to invite Hawking on the show. In the episode, Hawking arrives just in time to see the ensuing mayhem, and escapes with Lisa in tow, using a flying device attached to his wheelchair. IN MATHEMATICS, A DOUGHNUT SHAPE is known as a torus, the three-dimensional generalisation of a ring.

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler was born on 20th April, 1889, in the small Austrian town of Braunau near the German border. Both Hitler's parents had come from poor peasant families. His father Alois Hitler, the illegitimate son of a housemaid, was an intelligent and ambitious man and was at the time of Hitler's birth, a senior customs official in Lower Austria. Alois had been married before. Klara Polzl, Hitler's mother, left home at sixteen to to join the household of her second cousin, Alois Hitler. Franziska saw Klara as a potential rival and insisted that she left the household. The first of the children of Alois's third marriage, Gustav, was born in May 1885, to be followed in September the following year by a second child, Ida, and another son, Otto, who died only days after his birth. In 1895, when Hitler was six years old, his father, Alois Hitler retired from government service. Alois was an authoritarian, overbearing, domineering husband and a stern, distant, aggressive and violent father. Dr.

Science videos The Elegant Universe: Part 3 PBS Airdate: November 4, 2003 NARRATOR: Now, on NOVA, take a thrill ride into a world stranger than science fiction, where you play the game by breaking some rules, where a new view of the universe pushes you beyond the limits of your wildest imagination. This is the world of "string theory," a way of describing every force and all matter from an atom to earth, to the end of the galaxies—from the birth of time to its final tick, in a single theory, a "Theory of Everything." Our guide to this brave new world is Brian Greene, the bestselling author and physicist. BRIAN GREENE (Columbia University): And no matter how many times I come here, I never seem to get used to it. NARRATOR: Can he help us solve the greatest puzzle of modern physics—that our understanding of the universe is based on two sets of laws that don't agree? NARRATOR: Resolving that contradiction eluded even Einstein, who made it his final quest. S. BRIAN GREENE:The atmosphere was electric. S. S.

Poland Poland i/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi),[7] making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people,[7] Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world,[9] the sixth most populous member of the European Union, and the most populous post-communist member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions. Two decades later, in September 1939, World War II started with the invasions of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (as part of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact). Etymology History Prehistory Piast dynasty

Gazetteer of Sixteenth Century Florence FLORENTINE RENAISSANCE RESOURCES: Online Gazetteer of Sixteenth Century Florence home information object index index of streets, etc grid map full map Grid Map of Numbered Squares hide grid Brown University | STG Copyright: R. Welkom op de HisGIS site! — HisGIS Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies - DECIMA: The Digitally Encoded Census Information and Mapping Archive, and the Project for a Geo-Spatial and Sensory Digital Map of Renaissance Florence Find using OpenURL DECIMA: The Digitally Encoded Census Information and Mapping Archive, and the Project for a Geo-Spatial and Sensory Digital Map of Renaissance Florence In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content: A project at the University of Toronto, with funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRCC), is developing a mapping tool that will allow for the spatial organization of early modern historical, cultural, and sensory materials. DECIMA's project to create a digital map of Renaissance Florence integrates two sets of sources, one visual and one manuscript-based. The major text source for the DECIMA project is a 1561-62 tax census of Florence called the "Decima Granducale." Incorrect username or password. Please select your institution to authenticate with Shibboleth.