19Pencils - Quick and Easy Tools for Learning. Quizzes, Games, Websites and More! Water Absorbing Crystals Finding the Polymer In a Real Baby Diaper Start by collecting a number of disposable diapers. Any toddler's diaper will work. The Pouring Test Determine the amount of water a disposable diaper can hold by slowly pouring about 1/4 cup (approximately 50 ml) of warm tap water into the center of the diaper. Finding the Secret Polymer Place a new diaper on a piece of black paper. So, How Does the Powder Absorb Water? Most common synthetic polymers are said to be hydrophobic (water-fearing), which means that they do not absorb water. Water-Absorbing Crystals Purchasing Information: Super absorbent crystals are sold at lawn and garden centers under many different trade names including HydroSource or SoilMoist. Super absorbent polymers are rapidly becoming one of the most exciting environmental education topics in classrooms worldwide. Science Activities 1. Place 1/4 teaspoon of the polymer crystals in a quart size zipper-lock bag and add 8 ounces of tap water. 2. 3.
Redefining classroom learning. Empowering instructors. Teaching Functionality Easy Lesson Plan Development Use the web-based app to build, edit and manage your lesson plans in our Show-Explain-Ask framework. Here you can infuse your lesson plans with media elements & videos (things you want to show), notes & examples (things you want to explain) and real-time assessments (things you want to ask). Project Project videos, images, documents, questions, notes, real-time scribbles/annotations and more to large screen surfaces using the built in projection feature. Broadcast Use the broadcast feature to send content & media, videos, assessments and more directly to student devices or pair it with the projection feature to engage students with multiple screens. Assessments Perform formative assessments in-class and gain real-time feedback on student & class comprehension. Annotate/Scribble Shared White boarding Create Activity Feature Administrative Functionality Classroom (or device) Management Automated Attendance Reporting Student Functionality Bookmark
Superabsorbent polymers have become an important component of diapers during the last 10 years Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP): Superabsorbent polymers are primarily used as an absorbent for water and aqueous solutions for diapers, adult incontinence products, feminine hygiene products, and similar applications. Undoubtedly, in these applications, superabsorbent materials will replace traditional absorbent materials such as cloth, cotton, paper wadding, and cellulose fiber. Commercial production of superabsorbent polymers began in Japan in 1978, for use in feminine napkins. The use of superabsorbent polymers revolutionized the diaper industry. Superabsorbent polymers are prepared from acrylic acid and a crosslinker by solution or suspension polymerization. The properties of superabsorbent polymers can be employed in many different applications. (source: AMCOL website) Demand: Diaper Manufacturers: Approximately 75% of the superabsorbent polymers used worldwide are sold in diaper products from five major companies. Superabsorbent Polymer Manufacturers: Overall Construction: Cost Analysis:
ImageQuiz Self-sealing cracks with superabsorbent polymer Cracking of concrete structures is a common problem due to the intrinsic brittleness of the material. This may lead to severe loss of durability and water tightness. Conventional methods for mitigating this problem such as providing additional reinforcement or movement joints in new structures and resin injection to seal cracks in existing structures may not always be appropriate or sufficient. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) as an admixture for self-sealing cracks in concrete. Fig 1: Dry SAP powder and swollen SAP gel. Fig 2: Optical micrographs of different types of SAP and schematic representation of a cross-linked SAP network. Self-sealing mechanism As concrete hardens, the SAP releases water and shrinks (Fig. 3), leaving behind pores with sizes ranging from tens to hundreds of microns. Fig 3: Schematic showing the mechanism of self-sealing using SAP. Fig 5: Fraction of crack sealed. Effect of SAP on transport properties Conclusions
How do superabsorbent polymers work? Water molecules are drawn into the network across a diffusion gradient - formed by the Sodium neutralization of the polymer backbone. The polymer chains want to straighten but cannot due to the cross-linking. Thus, the particles expand as water moves into the network. The water is held tightly in the network by Hydrogen-bonding. Superabsorbent Polymer Network: Another benefit of these polymers – when dealing with waste containing metals – is the polycarboxylate (-COOH, -COONa) nature of the polymers. Superabsorbent Polymer is being used at many sites to solidify waste so that it passes Paint Filter Test (EPA 9095). Our product is included on the Hanford (WA) approved sorbent list and The Nevada Test Site, EnviroCare of Utah, WCS of Texas and many State landfills have all accepted wastes solidified with our product. After Two Minutes... Rapid Solidification! The advantages of Waste Lock® Superabsorbent Polymers over mineral or plant-based absorbents include: Contact Us Today
History of Super Absorbent Polymer Chemistry: SAP, Superabsorbent Polymer Until the 1980’s, water absorbing materials were cellulosic or fiber-based products. Choices were tissue paper, cotton, sponge, and fluff pulp. The water retention capacity of these types of materials is only 20 times their weight – at most. In the early 1960s, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) was conducting work on materials to improve water conservation in soils. The polymer came to be known as “Super Slurper”. Since Japanese companies were excluded by the USDA, they started independent research using starch, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), acrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and isobutylene maleic anhydride (IMA). Early global participants in the development of super absorbent chemistry included Dow Chemical, Hercules, General Mills Chemical, DuPont, National Starch & Chemical, Enka (Akzo), Sanyo Chemical, Sumitomo Chemical, Kao, Nihon Starch and Japan Exlan. In 1978, Park Davis (d.b.a.
Home Version of the Iodine Clock Reaction Sometimes it’s hard to tell SCIENCE from MAGIC - and this little demonstration is a great example of that. In this experiment you will watch an almost clear liquid suddenly turn dark blue in a flash. It takes a bit of preparation, and probably a trip to the pharmacy for materials, but we think it’s worth it. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION: This experiment should only be done with the help of an adult. Iodine will stain just about anything it touches and it can be hazardous. 3 clear plastic cups 4 ounces or larger A 1000 mg Vitamin C tablet from the pharmacy (you can also use two 500mg) Tincture of iodine (2%) also from the pharmacy Hydrogen peroxide (3%) yep, also from the pharmacy Liquid laundry starch (see below for alternatives) Safety goggles Measuring spoons Measuring cup An adult helper Put on those safety goggles and mash the 1000 mg Vitamin C tablet by placing it into a plastic bag and crushing it with a rolling pin or the back of a large spoon. 1.