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C (programming language)

C (programming language)
C is one of the most widely used programming languages of all time,[8][9] and C compilers are available for the majority of available computer architectures and operating systems. C is an imperative (procedural) language. It was designed to be compiled using a relatively straightforward compiler, to provide low-level access to memory, to provide language constructs that map efficiently to machine instructions, and to require minimal run-time support. C was therefore useful for many applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language, such as in system programming. Despite its low-level capabilities, the language was designed to encourage cross-platform programming. A standards-compliant and portably written C program can be compiled for a very wide variety of computer platforms and operating systems with few changes to its source code. The C language also exhibits the following characteristics: The cover of the book, The C Programming Language For example:

List of programming languages The aim of this list of programming languages is to include all notable programming languages in existence, both those in current use and historical ones, in alphabetical order, except for dialects of BASIC and esoteric programming languages. Note: Dialects of BASIC have been moved to the separate List of BASIC dialects. Note: This page does not list esoteric programming languages. A[edit] B[edit] C[edit] D[edit] E[edit] F[edit] G[edit] H[edit] I[edit] J[edit] K[edit] L[edit] M[edit] N[edit] O[edit] P[edit] Q[edit] R[edit] S[edit] T[edit] U[edit] V[edit] W[edit] X[edit] Y[edit] Z[edit] See also[edit]

Welcome to Python.org comp.lang.c FAQ C++ C++ (pronounced see plus plus) is a general purpose programming language that is free-form and compiled. It is regarded as an intermediate-level language, as it comprises both high-level and low-level language features.[3] It provides imperative, object-oriented and generic programming features. C++ is one of the most popular programming languages[4][5] and is implemented on a wide variety of hardware and operating system platforms. As an efficient performance driven programming language it is used in systems software, application software, device drivers, embedded software, high-performance server and client applications, and entertainment software such as video games.[6] Various entities provide both open source and proprietary C++ compiler software, including the FSF, LLVM, Microsoft and Intel. History As the C++ language evolved, the standard library evolved with it. Etymology Philosophy Standardization C++14 or C++1y are names being used for the next minor revision. Language Templates

Perl Though Perl is not officially an acronym,[5] there are various backronyms in use, such as: Practical Extraction and Reporting Language.[6] Perl was originally developed by Larry Wall in 1987 as a general-purpose Unix scripting language to make report processing easier.[7] Since then, it has undergone many changes and revisions. The latest major stable revision of Perl 5 is 5.18, released in May 2013. Perl 6, which began as a redesign of Perl 5 in 2000, eventually evolved into a separate language. Both languages continue to be developed independently by different development teams and liberally borrow ideas from one another. History[edit] Early versions[edit] Wall began work on Perl in 1987, while working as a programmer at Unisys,[9] and released version 1.0 to the comp.sources.misc newsgroup on December 18, 1987.[14] The language expanded rapidly over the next few years. Perl 2, released in 1988, featured a better regular expression engine. Early Perl 5[edit] 2000–present[edit] Name[edit]

C Tutorial C Language Tutorial Table of Contents: This section contains a brief introduction to the C language. It is intended as a tutorial on the language, and aims at getting a reader new to C started as quickly as possible. It is certainly not intended as a substitute for any of the numerous textbooks on C. The best way to learn a new ``human'' language is to speak it right from the outset, listening and repeating, leaving the intricacies of the grammar for later. An excellent textbook on C by two well-known and widely respected authors is: The C Programming Language -- ANSI C Brian W. Dennis Ritchie designed and implemented the first C compiler on a PDP-11 (a prehistoric machine by today's standards, yet one which had enormous influence on modern scientific computation). 1. Let's be polite and start by saluting the world! #include < stdio.h> void main() { printf("\nHello World\n"); } Save the code in the file hello.c, then compile it by typing: gcc hello.c 2. gcc sine.c -lm 3. and the for loop: 4.

C Tips and Tricks Wiki Java (programming language) Duke, the Java mascot Sun Microsystems released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1995.[1] It promised "Write Once, Run Anywhere" (WORA), providing no-cost run-times on popular platforms. Fairly secure and featuring configurable security, it allowed network- and file-access restrictions. Major web browsers soon incorporated the ability to run Java applets within web pages, and Java quickly became popular. With the advent of Java 2 (released initially as J2SE 1.2 in December 1998 – 1999), new versions had multiple configurations built for different types of platforms. For example, J2EE targeted enterprise applications and the greatly stripped-down version J2ME for mobile applications (Mobile Java). On November 13, 2006, Sun released much of Java as free and open source software, (FOSS), under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL). There were five primary goals in the creation of the Java language:[23] Major release versions of Java, along with their release dates:

Compiler A diagram of the operation of a typical multi-language, multi-target compiler A compiler is a computer program (or set of programs) that transforms source code written in a programming language (the source language) into another computer language (the target language, often having a binary form known as object code).[1] The most common reason for wanting to transform source code is to create an executable program. Program faults caused by incorrect compiler behavior can be very difficult to track down and work around; therefore, compiler implementors invest significant effort to ensure compiler correctness. The term compiler-compiler is sometimes used to refer to a parser generator, a tool often used to help create the lexer and parser. History[edit] Software for early computers was primarily written in assembly language. Towards the end of the 1950s, machine-independent programming languages were first proposed. Compilers in education[edit] Compilation[edit] Structure of a compiler[edit]

15 Programming Skills Most Coveted By Employers More than ever, companies need coders. And while tech firms do the bulk of the hiring, the demand for programmers spans industries and only seems to be growing. From writing basic HTML to building complex logic into mobile applications, the ability to smartly craft lines of code continues to be one of the most in-demand — and often, well-paying — skill sets one can have. (See also: Why This Guy Quit His Sports-Radio Dream Job... So what skills are the most sought after? 15. It may be almost 20 years old, but the object-oriented scripting language is still going strong. Microsoft's server-side Web development framework is more controversial than many of its peers, in part because it's a Microsoft product. AJAX is actually multiple technologies bundled into one. 12. For a 30-year-old programming language, Objective C is looking pretty good. PHP is huge. 10. Python is a general purpose programming language that can be used in a variety of ways. 9. XML is everywhere. 4. 2.

C Craft - Preface Let me open with a disclaimer. What follows is an unabashedly opinionated diatribe certain to offend many programmers. Craftsmen inevitably grow defensive of their favourite tools and practices. However, I try to be informative as well as incendiary. Thanks to Dan Henry, Asim Jalis, Harold Lee, Gazsó Attila, Tim MacEachern, Boyko Bantchev, Kevin Easton, Dillon Shook, Samy Bahra, Ed Catmur, and Daniel Griffith for supplying corrections. I began my journey with BASIC, when I was easily amused: for example, I liked being able to change the colour of the screen with a simple command. A few years later, I heard about C. A few more years later, I learned x86 assembly language. By the way, I feel all programmers benefit from learning assembly. At this stage, though I did use C and assembler from time to time, and dabbled in other languages such as C++ and FORTH, I was most comfortable with BASIC. Object-oriented languages were the latest fashion. Let me close with more disclaimers.

Interpreter (computing) parse the source code and perform its behavior directlytranslate source code into some efficient intermediate representation and immediately execute thisexplicitly execute stored precompiled code[1] made by a compiler which is part of the interpreter system While interpretation and compilation are the two main means by which programming languages are implemented, they are not mutually exclusive, as most interpreting systems also perform some translation work, just like compilers. The terms "interpreted language" or "compiled language" signify that the canonical implementation of that language is an interpreter or a compiler, respectively. A high level language is ideally an abstraction independent of particular implementations. An illustration of the linking process. At the stage of compilation, in fact compilers act as interpreters and patch together such binary executables from an object code library defining which binary code sequence is named which command name.

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