Scale | GEOG 030: Geographic Perspectives on Sustainability and Human-Environment Systems, 2011 - Iceweasel Printer-friendly version One of the central concepts in geography is scale. In rough terms, scale refers to how big or small something is. That "something" could be an event, a process, or some other phenomenon. In geography, we often focus on spatial scale, which is the spatial extent of something. Some examples can help us understand scale. A nice depiction of scale can be found in the 1977 video "Powers of Ten": The video shows the same point in space on a broad range of scales, from the subatomic to the astronomical. It is important to appreciate that phenomena can be considered or observed at multiple scales. Another example important to Geog 30 is deforestation. * Economic integration: Global freight shipping permits Brazilian trees to be sold to European consumers. * Political integration: American environmental policies may limit the types or quantities of trees that can be imported from Brazil. Figure 1: Energy commodity chain Consider this...
Araucaria (software) The user interface is composed of a main window (diagramming), a schemes editor and the AraucariaDB online interface. While Araucaria helps identify the structure of an argument, it provides freedom of analysis resources. The scheme editor allows the user to create argumentation schemes, group them together and save them into a scheme set file. The scheme set is then applied to the diagram, entirely or in part. As an illustration, an argument scheme relying on symptoms could be applied to the following assertion: "The light has gone off. The AraucariaDB Online Repository can be browsed to retrieve specific arguments to fit a diagram. Because it is based on XML, a standard widely used by developers, AML content can be accessed through other software that support XML.
Penn State Institutes of Energy and the Environment: Resources for Students homepage - Iceweasel you are here: home » resources for students home Energy and environmental courses Database contains more than 500 courses. Programs of Study Penn State offers an extensive array of energy and environmental and enregy/environmentally—related majors and minors spanning a wealth of disciplines at both the undergraduate and graduate level. Undergraduate: Majors | Minors Graduate: Programs and Minors Find an Advisor Use this tool to find faculty that match your interests. Career Planning Resources Browse list of job board maintained by various Penn State departments and majors or browse career planning resources including career guides; volunteer, government, and internship opportunities; professional organization's employment resources; and other job bulletin boards. Student Funding Resources Links to open undergraduate and graduate funding opportunities from rfp database. Current Student Spotlight The student spotlight highlights the research of various students supported by the PSIEE.
Artificial intelligence in video games In strategy games like Freeciv, the game AI must deal with large amounts of information In video games, artificial intelligence (AI) is used to generate responsive, adaptive or intelligent behaviors primarily in non-player characters (NPCs) similar to human-like intelligence. Artificial intelligence has been an integral part of video games since their inception in the 1950s.[1] The role of AI in video games has expanded greatly since its introduction. Modern games often implement existing techniques from the field of artificial intelligence such as pathfinding and decision trees to guide the actions of NPCs. Overview[edit] Many industry and corporate voices[who?] However, many[who?] History[edit] Light cycle characters compete to be the last one riding, in GLtron. Games like Madden Football, Earl Weaver Baseball and Tony La Russa Baseball all based their AI in an attempt to duplicate on the computer the coaching or managerial style of the selected celebrity. Views[edit] Usage[edit] Lists
Home — Penn State Meteorology and Atmospheric Science - Iceweasel Applications of artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence has been used in a wide range of fields including medical diagnosis, stock trading, robot control, law, remote sensing, scientific discovery and toys. However, many AI applications are not perceived as AI: "A lot of cutting edge AI has filtered into general applications, often without being called AI because once something becomes useful enough and common enough it's not labeled AI anymore," Nick Bostrom reports.[1] "Many thousands of AI applications are deeply embedded in the infrastructure of every industry." In the late 90s and early 21st century, AI technology became widely used as elements of larger systems, but the field is rarely credited for these successes. Computer science[edit] AI researchers have created many tools to solve the most difficult problems in computer science. Finance[edit] Banks use artificial intelligence systems to organize operations, invest in stocks, and manage properties. Hospitals and medicine[edit] Heavy industry[edit] Music[edit]
GIScience | Penn State Department of Geography - Iceweasel Research in Geographic Information Sciences at Penn State includes topics concerning: • cartography, • geovisual analytics, • representation, • ontologies and GeoSemantics, • (geographic) information retrieval, • qualitative and quantitative methods, • spatial cognition, • human factors, • remote sensing, and • education. Research Centers in GIScience The GeoVISTA Center (the Geographic Visualization Science, Technology, and Applications Center) is devoted to fundamental and applied scientific research on the visualization of geo-referenced information, development of geographic visualization (GVis) technologies, and the application of both in science, industry, decision-making, and education. The Peter R. Online Geospatial Education In collaboration with the Dutton e-Education Institute and the World Campus , The Department of Geography has offered instructor-led online education for current and aspiring geographic information systems professionals since 1999.
As a service Service model[edit] See cloud computing service models for more information. Examples[edit] Examples include: References[edit] ^ Robin Hastings, Making the Most of the Cloud: How to Choose and Implement the Best Services (2013), p. 3.^ I. Nature /Society | Penn State Department of Geography - Iceweasel The study of Nature/Society (human-environment interactions) is central to the discipline of Geography. Geographers working in this tradition examine complex linkages and multi-scalar processes between the biophysical environment and human societies. In an era of profound economic and environmental change, scholarship and teaching in this field are of high relevance to scientific debates and political decision-making in environmental governance, conflicts over increasingly scarce resources, human dimensions of global change, including climate change, livelihood and ecological sustainability, and ecosystem service provision. In the Department of Geography at Penn State, scholarship on human-environment interactions focuses on justice and the environment, global change processes, climate change impacts and adaptation, hazards, risks, and vulnerability, water governance, and changes in agro-biodiversity.
Browser extension A browser extension is a small software module for customizing a web browser. Browsers typically allow a variety of extensions, including user interface modifications, ad blocking, and cookie management. History[edit] API conformity[edit] In 2015, a community working group formed under the W3C to create a single standard application programming interface (API) for browser extensions.[3] While that goal is unlikely to be achieved,[4] the majority of browsers already use the same or very similar APIs due to the popularity of Google Chrome. Chrome was the first browser with an extension API based solely on HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. With its own market share in decline, Mozilla also decided to conform. Unwanted behavior[edit] There have also been cases of applications installing browser extensions in a sneaky manner, while making it hard for the user to uninstall the unwanted extension.[25] References[edit] External links[edit] Official extension stores for Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Edge, Opera
Human Geography | Penn State Department of Geography - Iceweasel Human Geography focuses on patterns and processes that shape human interaction with the built and natural environments. The Human Geography faculty at Penn State University offers a broad based training by way of focused research programs and class offerings. We engage in a number of research and teaching areas, including: Gender Geography education Historical and cultural geographies Justice and nature Political economy Political geographies Urban spaces The Human Geography program also offers training in a variety of methodologies, such as archival, qualitative, quantitative, feminist and participatory methodologies. Automated reasoning Automated reasoning is an area of computer science and mathematical logic dedicated to understanding different aspects of reasoning. The study of automated reasoning helps produce computer programs that allows computers to reason completely, or nearly completely, automatically. Although automated reasoning is considered a sub-field of artificial intelligence, it also has connections with theoretical computer science, and even philosophy. The most developed subareas of automated reasoning are automated theorem proving (and the less automated but more pragmatic subfield of interactive theorem proving) and automated proof checking (viewed as guaranteed correct reasoning under fixed assumptions). Extensive work has also been done in reasoning by analogy induction and abduction. Other important topics include reasoning under uncertainty and non-monotonic reasoning. Early years[edit] Significant contributions[edit] "There are now in the world machines that think, that learn and that create.
‘Dry drowning’ claims 10-year-old’s life - today > health - TODAY.com - Iceweasel The tragic death of a South Carolina 10-year-old more than an hour after he had gone swimming has focused a spotlight on the little-known phenomenon called “dry drowning” — and warning signs that every parent should be aware of. “I’ve never known a child could walk around, talk, speak and their lungs be filled with water,” Cassandra Jackson told NBC News in a story broadcast Thursday on TODAY. On Sunday, Jackson had taken her son, Johnny, to a pool near their home in Goose Creek, S.C. It was the first time he’d ever gone swimming — and, tragically, it would be his last. At some point during his swim, Johnny got some water in his lungs. “We physically walked home. Spongy material Later, she went into his room to check on him. A family friend, Christine Meekins, was visiting and went to see what was wrong. Johnny was rushed to a local hospital, but it was too late. Dr. The three important signs, he said, are difficulty breathing, extreme tiredness and changes in behavior.
Batch renaming From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Batch renaming can also be referred to as 'mass file renaming', rename 'en masse' and 'bulk renaming'. Common functions[edit] Most batch renamers share a basic set of functions to manipulate the filenames: Find a string within the filename and replace it with another, or remove it.Setting the capitalization of the letters in the filenames.Extracting information from the files, such as Mp3 ID3 tags, and putting it in the filename.Add a number sequence (001,002,003,...) to a list of files.Use a text file as a source for new file names. Some batch rename software can do more than just renaming filenames. Common uses[edit] There are many situations where batch renaming software can be useful. Problems[edit] There are a few problems to take in consideration when renaming a file list. (→ means: renamed to) Detecting that the target filename already exist. file01 → file02 (file02 already exists in file-system) Detecting that the target filename is already used.