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Principles of L2 Teaching Methods and Approaches

Principles of L2 Teaching Methods and Approaches
This module provides a description of the basic principles and procedures of the most recognized and commonly used approaches and methods for teaching a second or foreign language. Each approach or method has an articulated theoretical orientation and a collection of strategies and learning activities designed to reach the specified goals and achieve the learning outcomes of the teaching and learning processes. Jill Kerper Mora The following approaches and methods are described below: Grammar-Translation Approach Direct Approach Reading Approach Audiolingual Approach Community Language Learning The Silent Way The Communicative Approach Functional Notional Approach Total Physical Response Approach The Natural Approach Click here for a link to an overview of the history of second or foreign language teaching. Theoretical Orientations to L2 Methods & Approaches There are four general orientations among modern second-language methods and approaches: 1. 2. 3. 4. The Grammar-Translation Approach 1. 2. 3.

Gray - Using Translated First Language Literature in the Second Language Classroom The Internet TESLJournal Ronald Graymnenomic_2000 [at] yahoo.comBeijing Language and Culture University (Beijing, China) Introduction Finding appropriate literature to teach in the second language (L2) classroom has always been a major challenge. Value of Teaching Literature There are five reasons commonly given for teaching literature in the L2 classroom:It helps students understand and appreciate cultures and beliefs different from their own. Advantages to Teaching Translated First Language Literature One excellent but frequently overlooked type of literature is the translated first language literature of the student. Practical Classroom Implications First language literature used in the second language classroom should have the following characteristics: obviously it should be well known to the students, the translation must be faithful to the original, and it should be accessible, not too long, and tailored to the level of the students. Conclusion References Cao Xueqin (1978).

The Key Foreign Language Teaching Methodologies and How to Choose the Best for You | General Educator Blog Why do you teach? How do you teach? Why do you teach the way you teach? The last question is probably the hardest to explain, maybe even to yourself. Is it because that’s how you were taught? Have you ever sat down and seriously thought about why you teach reading, writing, speaking, listening and culture the way you do? If not, now is the time! It’ll also give you the flexibility to change approaches when any one method fails to address your students’ needs at any time—even in the middle of a lesson! So let’s get started with the main foreign language methodologies, and then consider how to choose the best for your particular classroom. The Foreign Language Teaching Methodologies That You Should Know Grammar-translation Have you ever studied Latin? For the longest time, this was also the approach used for teaching modern foreign languages. How might a grammar-translation classroom be set up? Direct What might a direct method or natural approach activity be? Audio-lingual Immersion Communicative

Michael Swan | The influence of the mother tongue on second language vocabulary acquisition and use (In Vocabulary: Description, Acquisition and Pedagogy, ed. Schmitt and McCarthy, CUP 1997, pp. 156–180) 1 introduction "… contrastive analysis, error analysis, etc., are not simply unrelated to linguistic theory in particular, they are dead meat in general." Oh, well … In this paper I shall consider the ways in which the mother tongue can support, fail to support or actively hinder someone who is learning or using the vocabulary of a second language. "As a learning process, transfer supports the learner's selection and remodelling of input structures as he progresses in the development of his interlanguage knowledge. Before looking at these three areas, it will be useful to consider briefly how languages differ in the ways they encode the world through lexis, and to settle on a definition of crosslinguistic influence. 2 how languages differ "The vodka is all right, but the meat is bad." English French Danish Swedish tree wood (material) wood (small forest) forest arbre bois forêt træ skov träd trä skog 1.

Language teaching methods Listed below are brief summaries of some of the more popular second language teaching methods of the last half century. For a more detailed analysis of the different methods, see Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching Richards, J. and Rodgers, T (1986) CUP Cambridge. The Direct Method Grammar-translation Learning is largely by translation to and from the target language. Audio-lingual The theory behind this method is that learning a language means acquiring habits. The structural approach This method sees language as a complex of grammatical rules which are to be learned one at a time in a set order. Suggestopedia The theory underlying this method is that a language can be acquired only when the learner is receptive and has no mental blocks. Total Physical Response (TPR) TPR works by having the learner respond to simple commands such as "Stand up", "Close your book", "Go to the window and open it." Communicative language teaching (CLT) The Silent Way Community Language Learning Immersion

History of English Language Teaching Dimitrios Thanasoulas Introduction The English language teaching tradition has been subject to tremendous change, especially throughout the twentieth century. Perhaps more than any other discipline, this tradition has been practiced, in various adaptations, in language classrooms all around the world for centuries. The Classical Method In the Western world back in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, foreign language learning was associated with the learning of Latin and Greek, both supposed to promote their speakers' intellectuality. It is widely recognised that the Grammar Translation Method is still one of the most popular and favourite models of language teaching, which has been rather stalwart and impervious to educational reforms, remaining a standard and sine qua non methodology. Gouin and Berlitz - The Direct Method The last two decades of the nineteenth century ushered in a new age. I stretch out my arm. The Audiolingual Method The "Designer" Methods of the 1970s Suggestopedia

English Teaching Methods | Teach English Abroad - Get TEFL Certified - Get Paid TEFL Jobs - Give Back Throughout the history of teaching languages a number of different teaching approaches and methodologies have been tried and tested with some being more popular and effective than others. If you’re just beginning your TEFL career, it would be beneficial to be familiar with a few of these. The Direct Method If you’ve ever heard the Direct Method being taught, you may have rightly mistaken it for some sort of military drill, which is not far off as it was first established in France and Germany in the early 1900’s to assist soldiers to communicate in a second language quickly. The direct method of teaching English is also known as the Natural Method. Its main focus is oral skill and it is taught via repetitive drilling. The Grammar Translation Method Just like its name suggests, this method of teaching English is grammar heavy and relies a lot on translation. The Audio Lingual Method This is related to the Direct Method and just like its predecessor it only uses the target language.

The Best Method to Learn English | Language Teaching Methodology What is the best teaching method for learning English? According to academic research, linguists have demonstrated that there is not one single best method for everyone in all contexts, and that no one teaching method is inherently superior to the others. Also, it is not always possible – or appropriate – to apply the same methodology to all learners, who have different objectives, environments and learning needs. Applying the most appropriate method for that learner’s specific objectives, learning style and context. An experienced professional language teacher always adopts the Principled Eclecticism approach, deciding on the most suitable techniques and applying the most appropriate methodology for that learner’s specific objectives, learning style and context. Methods of teaching English have developed rapidly, especially in the previous 40 years. An Overview The main methodologies are listed below in the chronological order of their development: Embed this image | View large version

Language pedagogy Language pedagogy[definition needed] may take place as a general school subject, in a specialized language school, or out of school with a rich selection of proprietary methods online and in books, CDs and DVDs. There are many methods of teaching languages. Some have fallen into relative obscurity and others are widely used; still others have a small following, but offer useful insights. There are three principal views: The structural view treats language as a system of structurally related elements to code meaning (e.g. grammar).The functional view sees language as a vehicle to express or accomplish a certain function, such as requesting something.The interactive view sees language as a vehicle for the creation and maintenance of social relations, focusing on patterns of moves, acts, negotiation and interaction found in conversational exchanges. This view has been fairly dominant since the 1980s.[1] Methodology[edit] Approach, method and technique[edit] Approach, design and procedure[edit]

ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING METHODOLOGY - náhľad prednášky - Nechodím na Prednášky.sk Návrat na detail prednášky / Stiahnuť prednášku / Univerzita Komenského / Pedagogická fakulta / AN - Didaktika anglického jazyka II. English Language Teaching Methodology Overview of Language Teaching Methodology The word "methodology" is itself often misinterpreted or ill-understood. Methodology The study of pedagogical practices in general (including theoretical underpinnings and related research). Approach Theoretical positions and beliefs about the nature of language, the nature of language learning, and the applicability of both to pedagogical settings. Method A generalized set of classroom specifications for accomplishing linguistic objectives. Curriculum/Syllabus Designs for carrying out a particular language program. Technique Any of a wide variety of exercises, activities, or devices used in the language classroom for realizing lesson objectives. Principles of Language Learning Cognitive Principles Affective Principles Linguistic Principles

Methods And Approaches Of English Language Teaching English Language Essay Today, English is the worlds most widely studied foreign language. Five hundred years ago, Latin was the most dominant language to be studied because it was the language of business, commerce and education in the western world. In the sixteenth century, however, French, Italian and English gain in importance as a result of political change in Europe and Latin gradually became displaced as a language of spoken and written communication (Richards and Rodgers, 2001). Latin became a dead language. By the nineteenth century, this method was considered as a standard method of teaching language. Methods and Approaches of English Language Teaching According to Asher and James (1982), Methods are the combination of techniques that are used and plasticized by the teachers in the classrooms in order to teach their students and approaches are the philosophies of teachers about language teaching that can be applied in the classrooms by using different techniques of language teaching. Direct Method

ESL Methods—English Language Teaching The field of linguistics and teaching in the 20th century is marked by the development of different foreign language teaching methods and approaches. Some have either no, or a small following and others are widely used. Although modern foreign language teaching has adopted completely new methods, the work of language professionals in the period between 1950 and 1980 contributed significantly to scientific views in the field of second language teaching and learning. Even when methods are not frequently used or have fallen into obscurity, they may offer useful insights into the general teaching methodology. What Is a Method? Before we present the teaching methods and their classification, it would be useful to remember what method is in terms of its definition and application in classrooms. Basic Classification of Methods Basic classification of methods falls into three main categories: (1) Structural methods: the grammar-translation method and the audio-lingual method (described below)

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