Organizational structure An organizational structure defines how activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims.[1] It can also be considered as the viewing glass or perspective through which individuals see their organization and its environment.[2] Organizations are a variant of clustered entities.[citation needed] An organization can be structured in many different ways, depending on their objectives. The structure of an organization will determine the modes in which it operates and performs. Organizational structure affects organizational action in two big ways. History[edit] Organizational structures developed from the ancient times of hunters and collectors in tribal organizations through highly royal and clerical power structures to industrial structures and today's post-industrial structures. As pointed out by L. Operational organizations and informal organizations[edit] Types[edit] Pre-bureaucratic structures[edit]
Matrix management A matrix organization Strictly speaking matrix management is the practice of managing individuals with more than one reporting line (in a matrix organization structure), but it is also commonly used to describe managing cross functional, cross business group and other forms of working that cross the traditional vertical business units – often silos - of function and geography. What is matrix management?[edit] It is a type of organizational management in which people with similar skills are pooled for work assignments, resulting in more than one manager (sometimes referred to as solid line and dotted line reports, in reference to traditional business organization charts). For example, all engineers may be in one engineering department and report to an engineering manager, but these same engineers may be assigned to different projects and report to a different engineering manager or a project manager while working on that project. The Matrix for project management[edit] Clarification[edit]
Hierarchical organization Members of hierarchical organizational structures chiefly communicate with their immediate superior and with their immediate subordinates. Structuring organizations in this way is useful partly because it can reduce the communication overhead by limiting information flow; this is also its major limitation.[citation needed] Visualization[edit] Common models[edit] In modern post-feudal states the nominal top of the hierarchy still remains the head of state, which may be a president or a constitutional monarch, although in many modern states the powers of the head of state are delegated among different bodies. In business, the business owner traditionally occupied the pinnacle of the organization. Studies of hierarchical organizations[edit] The organizational development theorist Elliott Jacques identified a special role for hierarchy in his concept of requisite organization. Hierarchiology is the term coined by Dr. Criticism and alternatives[edit] See also[edit] References[edit]
File:FBI-organizational-chart.jpg The Disadvantages of Network-based Organization Structure A network-based organizational model is a type of matrix structure that uses digital technology and specialized employees to complete assignments without the need of traditional work spaces. While this model allows employees and managers to function on more even ground, network-based organizational structure can also lead to conflicts due to a lack of formal hierarchy. Problems with Digital Communication A network-based organizational structure depends on clear lines of communication to deliver project assignments and due dates to employees. Too Many Supervisors The nebulous nature of a network or matrix organization structure requires an extra layer of oversight to manage employees operating in many different locations. Related Reading: Advantages & Disadvantages of a Vertical & Horizontal Organization Sharing Skilled Workers Traditional business departments don't exist in the network-based organizational model. Increased Work Strees About the Author Have Feedback?
Federal Bureau of Investigation The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a governmental agency belonging to the United States Department of Justice that serves as both a federal criminal investigative body and an internal intelligence agency (counterintelligence).[2] Also, it is the government agency responsible for investigating crimes on Native American reservations in the United States[3] under the Major Crimes Act. The FBI has investigative jurisdiction over violations of more than 200 categories of federal crime.[4] The bureau was established in 1908 as the Bureau of Investigation (BOI). Its name was changed to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in 1935. Budget, mission and priorities In the fiscal year 2012, the bureau's total budget was approximately $8.12 billion.[5] Currently, the FBI's top investigative priorities are:[6] In August 2007, the top categories of lead criminal charges resulting from FBI investigations were:[7] Indian reservations Legal authority History Background Creation J. National security
Anatomy of an IT disaster: How the FBI blew it | InfoWorld Some FBI agents ruefully refer to the trilogy project, a massive initiative to modernize the FBI's aging technology infrastructure, as the "Tragedy" project. It certainly has all the earmarks of tragedy: the best intentions, catastrophic miscommunication, staggering waste. Featured Resource Presented by Scribe Software Data integration is often underestimated and poorly implemented, taking time and resources. Learn More Trilogy, as the name suggests, had three parts: an enterprisewide upgrade of desktop hardware and software; deployment of a modern network infrastructure; and an integrated suite of software for entering, finding, sharing, and analyzing case information. After more than four years of hard work and half a billion dollars spent, however, Trilogy has had little impact on the FBI's antiquated case-management system, which today remains a morass of mainframe green screens and vast stores of paper records. FBI representatives declined to be interviewed for this story. Sen.
The Key to Aligning IT Capabilities with Business Needs As technology has evolved, CIOs have responded by implementing new capabilities and processes across the enterprise. There is no question that IT has changed the business for the better. But amidst this forward march of progress, IT leaders are sometimes accused of not really understanding the needs of the business. CIOs are often pressured to show quick results from their IT investments, so the natural inclination is to push systems into production without always stopping to revisit the fundamental question: Why are we doing this in the first place? Enterprise Architecture (EA) helps align IT activities with an organization’s business strategy—to grow, innovate, and respond to market demands, supported by an IT practice that is 100% in accord with business objectives. In addition to IT architecture, enterprises need business architecture. Figure 1. EA is a proven way to align functional business objectives and strategies with an IT strategy and execution plan.
Federal Bureau of Investigation Organizational Culture | Justice and Security This essay will discuss the organizational culture of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. A discussion of the historical aspects of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (hereinafter referred to as “FBI”) will occur as well as a comparison and contrast of the disparity between the FBI and the Central Intelligence Agency. Key characteristics of the FBI will be highlighted as well as a determination made as to whether or not the organization supports and fosters changes. Insight will be provided towards the futuristic aspects of the FBI. Discussion The FBI is one of the most distinguished branches of federal law enforcement. History of the FBI In 1908, the FBI was created from Special Agents during the Theodore Roosevelt presidency. These men were both visionaries in that expertise and efficiency played a more important role than politics when determining what would be most beneficial to government service. Key Characteristics of the FBI Organization between agencies. Deputy Director John S.
Database Security From the outset, Oracle has delivered the industry's most advanced technology to safeguard data at the source—the database. Oracle provides a comprehensive portfolio of security solutions to ensure data privacy, protect against insider threats, and enable regulatory compliance for both Oracle and non-Oracle databases.... Read More From the outset, Oracle has delivered the industry's most advanced technology to safeguard data at the source—the database. Oracle provides a comprehensive portfolio of security solutions to ensure data privacy, protect against insider threats, and enable regulatory compliance for both Oracle and non-Oracle databases.
DOD's Joint Information Environment lays groundwork for better information sharing -- GCN DOD lays the foundation for better sharing The Joint Information Environment initiative eventually could give warfighters seamless access to data at any time, from anywhere, through any device. An ambitious Defense Department initiative to revamp how it delivers information and systems to the warfighter could take information sharing to a whole new level. The Joint Information Environment aims to simplify and standardize IT operations across the department to create a seamless information ecosystem in which DOD personnel and warfighters are able to access the information they need quickly and securely. JIE, which has its roots in a joint project of the Army, the U.S. Although the initiative is still taking shape, it appears to be positioned as the lens through which DOD officials look at nearly every aspect of their IT operations, from cybersecurity and cloud computing strategies to network and data center consolidation. About this report
Virtual Case File Virtual Case File (or VCF) was a software application developed by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) between 2000 and 2005. The project was officially abandoned in April 2005, while still in development stage and cost the federal government nearly $170 million. In 2006, the Washington Post wrote "In a 318-page report, completed in January 2005 and obtained by The Post under the Freedom of Information Act, [the Aerospace Corporation] said the SAIC software was incomplete, inadequate and so poorly designed that it would be essentially unusable under real-world conditions. Origins[edit] In September 2000, the FBI announced the "Trilogy" program, intended to modernize the bureau's outdated Information Technology (IT) infrastructure. Launch[edit] Problems and abandonment of the project[edit] Robert Mueller was appointed director of the FBI in September 2001, just one week before the September 11, 2001 attacks. Reasons for failure[edit] Implications[edit] References[edit]