Rapid eye movement sleep Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a stage of sleep characterized by the rapid and random movement of the eyes. Rapid eye movement sleep is classified into two categories: tonic and phasic.[1] It was identified and defined by Nathaniel Kleitman and his student Eugene Aserinsky in 1953. Criteria for REM sleep includes rapid eye movement, low muscle tone and a rapid, low-voltage EEG; these features are easily discernible in a polysomnogram,[2] the sleep study typically done for patients with suspected sleep disorders.[3] REM sleep typically occupies 20–25% of total sleep, about 90–120 minutes of a night's sleep. REM sleep normally occurs close to morning.[4] During a night of sleep, one usually experiences about four or five periods of REM sleep; they are quite short at the beginning of the night and longer toward the end. Many animals and some people tend to wake, or experience a period of very light sleep, for a short time immediately after a bout of REM. Physiology[edit] Creativity[edit]
Doodle A doodle is an unfocused or unconscious drawing made while a person's attention is otherwise occupied. Doodles are simple drawings that can have concrete representational meaning or may just be abstract shapes. Stereotypical examples of doodling are found in school notebooks, often in the margins, drawn by students daydreaming or losing interest during class. Other common examples of doodling are produced during long telephone conversations if a pen and paper are available. Popular kinds of doodles include cartoon versions of teachers or companions in a school, famous TV or comic characters, invented fictional beings, landscapes, geometric shapes, patterns and textures. Etymology[edit] The word doodle first appeared in the early 17th century to mean a fool or simpleton.[1] It may derive from the German Dudeltopf or Dudeldop, meaning simpleton or noodle (literally "nightcap").[1] In the movie Mr. Effects on memory[edit] Notable doodlers[edit] See also[edit] [edit] References[edit] Gombrich, E.
Yeti. Bigfoot. Orang Pendek. Alma. Myth or reality? Examine the pictures and other evidence. Wildmen myths from around the world. Cryptozoology. Crypto zoology is the study of creatures such as The Yeti, Bigfoot, Sasquash, Yowie, Alma, Sehites, Skunk apes, Orang Pendek, the Woodwose of medieval Europe, it doesn’t matter which name they go by, almost every civilisation on Earth has a Yeti or wild man myth. Yeti and bigfoot are no doubt the best known. Descriptions of these Various creatures are remarkably similar - large, ape like, bipedal, hairy, secretive. It seems to be almost impossible that so many different groups of humans, who are not in contact with each other, should come up with such similar myths if they don’t have a basis in fact. Even allowing for the many hoaxes, the huge number of sightings, casts, recordings etc are becoming increasingly hard for people, even those people within the scientific community, to ignore. The Pacific Northwest of America. Map Data Map data ©2014 Google Map Bigfoot, the evidence seems to be mounting. They are vast and largely uninhabited.
Newborn - Sleep Patterns - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital What are the sleep patterns of a newborn? The average newborn sleeps much of the day and night, waking only for feedings every few hours. It is often hard for new parents to know how long and how often a newborn should sleep. Unfortunately, there is no set schedule at first and many newborns have their days and nights confused - they think they are supposed to be awake at night and sleep in the daytime. Generally, newborns sleep about eight to nine hours in the daytime and about eight hours at night. Watch for changes in your baby's sleep pattern. Never put a baby to bed with a bottle propped for feeding. What are the sleep states of a newborn? Babies, like adults, have various stages and depths of sleep. REM (rapid eye movement sleep). What are the different alert phases of a newborn? Babies also have differences in how alert they are during the time they are awake. It is usually best to feed babies before they reach the crying phase. Helping your baby sleep A task force of The U.S.
Psychophysiology of Lucid Dreaming by Stephen LaBerge, Ph.D. Lucid Dreaming Physiologically Verified Although we are not usually explicitly aware of the fact that we are dreaming while we are dreaming, at times a remarkable exception occurs, and we become conscious enough to realize that we are dreaming. "Lucid" dreamers (the term derives from van Eeden, 1913) report being able to freely remember the circumstances of waking life, to think clearly, and to act deliberately upon reflection, all while experiencing a dream world that seems vividly real (Green, 1968; LaBerge, 1985; Gackenbach & LaBerge, 1988). Figure 1. Physiological data (EM, RR, HR, and SP) were also collected for sixty-one control non-lucid REM periods, derived from the same 13 subjects, in order to allow comparison with SVLDs. I was lying awake in bed late in the morning listening to the sound of running water in the adjoining bathroom. Note that the subject is continuously conscious during the transition from wakefulness to sleep. Figure 2. Figure 3.
Dante Alighieri Durante degli Alighieri (Italian: [duˈrante ˈdeʎʎi aliˈɡjɛːri]), simply called Dante (Italian: [ˈdante], UK /ˈdænti/, US /ˈdɑːnteɪ/; c. 1265–1321), was a major Italian poet of the late Middle Ages. His Divine Comedy, originally called Comedìa (modern Italian: Commedia) and later called Divina by Boccaccio, is widely considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature.[1] In Italy he is called il Sommo Poeta ("the Supreme Poet") and il Poeta. He, Petrarch, and Boccaccio are also called "the three fountains" and "the three crowns". Life[edit] Portrait of Dante, from a fresco in the Palazzo dei Giudici, Florence Dante claimed that his family descended from the ancient Romans (Inferno, XV, 76), but the earliest relative he could mention by name was Cacciaguida degli Elisei (Paradiso, XV, 135), born no earlier than about 1100. Dante in Verona, by Antonio Cotti Gemma bore Dante several children. Education and poetry[edit] Legacy[edit]
The 9/11 Truther Laws of Nature 9/11 Truthers do not tire. They diligently maintain their own laws of nature independent of those known to scientists and engineers. Rather than try to make a conspiracy theory that agrees with the established laws of nature, Truthers maintain natural laws that fit their theories. Thermite is a mixture of aluminum powder with a metal oxide, typically iron oxide. Truthers claim the World Trade Center buildings were brought down by explosives. A fundamental problem with that theory is that thermite is not an explosive. Steel used in construction is tempered to increase its strength. A problem with tempered steel is that relatively low heat can take out the temper and thus make the steel lose its extra strength. Steel was traditionally insulated by embedding it in concrete, but in modern buildings an insulating material is used to coat the steel. Truthers invariably claim that steel only loses its strength when it melts. The only way to keep something hot is to keep adding heat.
What does your sleep position reveal about your personality? - Healthy Living on Shine These days, the way that I sleep simply says, "I am happy to be single and spending five to seven hours sprawled out in the center of my bed alone." At other points, my tightly squeezed eyes and curled-up body would have screamed, "I know the baby will wake up/someone will start snoring/the alarm will begin blaring as soon as I finally, finally, finally get to sleep." Years and years ago, the corpse-looking college student still in her clothes would have mumbled something like, "Finals. Boys. Our lives, the amount of sleep we get, and how well we actually rest during those nighttime hours may change drastically over time. Professor Chris Idzikowski, director of the Sleep Assessment and Advisory Service, says that a study of 1,000 Brits revealed that the six most common sleeping positions are indicative of personality types. The research also links certain sleeping positions with health risks. [graphic via BBC.com] Let's see how the Shine readers are resting these days.
Lucid dream A lucid dream is any dream in which one is aware that one is dreaming. In relation to this phenomenon, Greek philosopher Aristotle observed: "often when one is asleep, there is something in consciousness which declares that what then presents itself is but a dream".[1] One of the earliest references to personal experiences with lucid dreaming was by Marie-Jean-Léon, Marquis d'Hervey de Saint Denys.[2] Skeptics of the phenomenon suggest that it is not a state of sleep, but of brief wakefulness.[15][16] Others point out that there is no way to prove the truth of lucid dreaming other than to ask the dreamer.[17] Lucid dreaming has been researched scientifically, with participants performing pre-determined physical responses while experiencing a lucid dream.[18][19] Scientific history[edit] Philosopher Norman Malcolm's 1959 text Dreaming[22] had argued against the possibility of checking the accuracy of dream reports. Hearne's results were not widely distributed. Initiation[edit] REM sleep.
Engels on the English working class (by L. Proyect) Engels on the English working-class "The Condition of the Working Class in England" is a profoundly important book because it reveals the raw empirical data that confronted the young Engels. Out of the panorama of misery and class oppression that he observed in England in the 1840s, he came to the conclusion that proletarian revolution was necessary. He wrote the book when he was 24 years old and working at a branch of his father's cotton mills in Manchester, England. During a trip to Cologne in 1841, Engels met with the editors of the Rheinische Zeitung, a radical newspaper founded by industrialists to spread their liberal, free-trade ideas. In David McLellan's introduction to the Penguin edition of the "The Condition of the Working Class in England", he groups the work with such literary masterpieces as Charles Dicken's "Hard Times" or Elizabeth Gaskell's "Mary Barton". In the opening chapter "The Great Towns", Engels describes the alienation that afflicts the London of 1840.
Giant's Causeway The Giant's Causeway (known as Clochán an Aifir or Clochán na bhFomhórach in Irish[1] and tha Giant's Causey in Ulster-Scots)[2] is an area of about 40,000 interlocking basalt columns, the result of an ancient volcanic eruption. It is located in County Antrim on the northeast coast of Northern Ireland, about three miles (4.8 km) northeast of the town of Bushmills. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986, and a National Nature Reserve in 1987 by the Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland. In a 2005 poll of Radio Times readers, the Giant's Causeway was named as the fourth greatest natural wonder in the United Kingdom.[3] The tops of the columns form stepping stones that lead from the cliff foot and disappear under the sea. Most of the columns are hexagonal, although there are also some with four, five, seven or eight sides. The tallest are about 12 metres (39 ft) high, and the solidified lava in the cliffs is 28 metres (92 ft) thick in places. Geology[edit]
Older Adults Need Less Sleep How much sleep we need is largely a mystery, and sleep seems tougher to come by as we age. Many studies — often funded by the pharmaceutical industry — have suggested that we're all sleep-deprived zombies, risking our health for lack of shut-eye. But new research in the U.K. confirms previous indications that older people need less sleep. "Healthy aging appears to be associated with reductions in the sleep duration and depth required to maintain daytime alertness," the scientists said in a statement. Still, researchers warn that many people in modern society suffer from sleep deprivation, and that it can lead to plenty of woes from accidents on the job to higher risk of falls and even death in elderly people. The study, announced today, involved 110 healthy adults who did not have any sleep disorders and didn't complain about lack of sleep. During the first night with eight hours in bed, the resulting average sleep time, by age group:
The 'Old Hag" Syndrome You wake up unable to move, barely able to breathe... you feel an oppressive weight on your chest... and you sense some evil presence in the room... The old hag strikes! A reader writes: About a year and a half ago, I was awoken in the night by a strong, warm breeze. Have you ever had a similar experience? The name of the phenomenon comes from the superstitious belief that a witch - or an old hag - sits or "rides" the chest of the victims, rendering them immobile. The experience is so frightening because the victims, although paralyzed, seem to have full use of their senses. Confronted with such a bizarre and irrational experience, it's no wonder that many victims fear that they have been attacked in their beds by some malevolent spirit, demon or, perhaps, an alien visitor. The phenomenon occurs to both men and women of various ages and seems to happen to about 15 percent of the population at least once in a lifetime. Another example: What's going on? Next page: The scientific explanation