Diabetes mellitus type 1 Diabetes mellitus type 1 (also known as type 1 diabetes, or T1DM; formerly insulin dependent diabetes or juvenile diabetes) is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.[2] The subsequent lack of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose. The classical symptoms are polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), and weight loss.[3] While lack of care could be lethal, administration of insulin remains essential for the survival of these patients. Insulin therapy must be continued indefinitely and does not usually impair normal daily activities. Patients are usually trained to manage their disease independently; however, for some this can be challenging. Type 1 diabetes can lead to a number of complications, both in the short term and in the long term. Signs and symptoms[edit] Overview of the most significant symptoms of diabetes Cause[edit] Genetics[edit]
Cancer Cancer The causes of cancer are diverse, complex, and only partially understood. Many things are known to increase the risk of cancer, including tobacco use, dietary factors, certain infections, exposure to radiation, lack of physical activity, obesity, and environmental pollutants.[2] These factors can directly damage genes or combine with existing genetic faults within cells to cause cancerous mutations.[3] Approximately 5–10% of cancers can be traced directly to inherited genetic defects.[4] Many cancers could be prevented by not smoking, eating more vegetables, fruits and whole grains, eating less meat and refined carbohydrates, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising, minimizing sunlight exposure, and being vaccinated against some infectious diseases.[2][5] Cancer can be detected in a number of ways, including the presence of certain signs and symptoms, screening tests, or medical imaging. Definitions There is no one definition that describes all cancers. Signs and symptoms Causes
Social Security and SSI Disability for Asthma Asthma is a chronic disease of the respiratory system that involves inflammation of the airways. Asthma-related inflammation causes excessive mucous production within the airways, which results in constricted airways. Asthma is triggered by various stimuli, such as pets, medication, pollutions, chemicals, hormones, exposure to cigarette smoke, cold viruses, and other pathogens in the environment. Symptoms of asthma include shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and tightness in the chest. Treatment of asthma may include the use of inhalers, nebulizers, medications, and simply limiting exposure to triggering stimuli when possible. Asthma is a common reason that people apply for disability benefits. When Does Asthma Qualify for Disability? If you can meet the qualifications under the SSA's disability listing for adult asthma, your claim will be automatically approved. What Should Be in Your Medical Record? Can You Qualify for Disability Because of Job Restrictions?
Oxford Biological Physics - Home Page The Oxford Biological Physics Group is located in the Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford and is part of the Sub-Department of Condensed Matter Physics. Our research uses a range of biophysical techniques, in particular single-molecule methods, to study molecular machines, rotary motors, ion channels and other membrane proteins. Students interested in post-graduate research in these areas should contact the graduate programme. The principal research groups are: Berry group - Rotary molecular motors Contera group - Nanomedicine and scanning probe techniques Kapanidis group - Gene machines Ryan Group - Nanofabrication and microscopy Trigueros group - Nanoscience for medicine Tucker group - Ion channels Turberfield group - DNA nanostructure
Psoriasis No cure is available for psoriasis,[6] but various treatments can help to control the symptoms.[10][11] Though many treatments are available, psoriasis can be difficult to treat due to its chronic recurrent nature. The effectiveness and safety of a new generation of targeted immune therapies is being established with randomized controlled trials, and several have been approved (or rejected for safety concerns) by regulatory authorities. Signs and symptoms[edit] Plaque[edit] Psoriatic plaque, showing a silvery center surrounded by a reddened border. Psoriasis vulgaris (also known as chronic stationary psoriasis or plaque-like psoriasis) is the most common form and affects 85%–90% of people with psoriasis.[12] Plaque psoriasis typically appears as raised areas of inflamed skin covered with silvery-white scaly skin. A person's arm covered with plaque psoriasis Pustular[edit] Other skin lesions[edit] Psoriatic arthritis[edit] Nail changes[edit] Psoriasis of a fingernail, with visible pitting.
What is asthma? : Canadian Lung Association What is asthma? Asthma is a chronic (long-term) disease that makes it hard to breathe. Asthma can't be cured, but it can be managed. With proper treatment, people with asthma can lead normal, active lives. If you have asthma, your airways (breathing passages) are extra sensitive. Become red and swollen - your airways get inflamed inside. Become "twitchy" and go into spasm - the muscles around your airways squeeze together and tighten. The more red and swollen your airways are, the more twitchy they become. What sets off your asthma symptoms? Many different things can set off your asthma symptoms. Asthma inducers: If you breathe in something you're allergic to- for example, dust or pollen- or if you have a viral infection- for example, a cold or the flu- your airways can become inflamed (red and swollen). Asthma triggers: If you breathe in an asthma trigger like cold air or smoke, or if you exercise, the muscles around your airways can go into spasm and squeeze together tightly. Back to top
PhD student develops radiotherapy monitor using glass jewellery beads In Shakardokht’s home country of Afghanistan there has been no radiotherapy treatment available since before the war, meaning that cancer patients face a poor prognosis if they cannot afford to travel to neighbouring countries and pay for treatment. Seeing her own father die prematurely from cancer prompted medical physicist Shakardokht to specialise in the area of dosimetry – the monitoring of radiotherapy exposure – in order to do something about cancer care in Afghanistan. Currently studying for a PhD in radiation dosimetry at the University of Surrey, Shakardokht is also a member of the Afghanistan Atomic Energy Commission (AAEC) and an adviser on radiation in her country. Based in the University’s Center for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Shakardokht’s research project has been to find an alternative to commonly-used dosimeters, overcoming both their high cost and many other limitations. Radiotherapy aims to achieve optimal tumour control with minimal damage of normal tissue.
Coeliac disease Coeliac disease, also spelled celiac disease, is an autoimmune disorder affecting primarily the small intestine that occurs in people who are genetically predisposed.[1] Classic symptoms include gastrointestinal problems such as chronic diarrhoea, abdominal distention, malabsorption, loss of appetite, and among children failure to grow normally. This often begins between six months and two years of age.[2] Non-classic symptoms are the most common, especially in people older than two years.[3][4][5] There may be mild or absent gastrointestinal symptoms, a wide number of symptoms involving any part of the body, or no obvious symptoms.[2] Coeliac disease was first described in childhood;[3][6] however, it may develop at any age.[2][3] It is associated with other autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes mellitus type 1 and thyroiditis, among others.[6] Signs and symptoms[edit] Gastrointestinal[edit] Malabsorption-related[edit] Miscellaneous[edit] Cause[edit] Other grains[edit] Risk modifiers[edit]
Spanish: Asthma Symptoms, Diagnosis, Management & Treatment El asma es una enfermedad crónica que compromete las vías respiratorias en los pulmones. Estas vías respiratorias, o bronquios, permiten que el aire entre y salga de los pulmones. Si usted tiene asma, sus vías respiratorias están siempre inflamadas, pero se inflaman más y los músculos alrededor de las vías respiratorias pueden estrecharse cuando algo desencadena sus síntomas. Esto dificulta la entrada y salida del aire de los pulmones, y da como resultado síntomas como tos, sibilancia, disnea y/u opresión del pecho. Para muchas personas que padecen de asma, el momento en que se presentan estos síntomas está muy relacionado con la actividad física. Quienes tienen antecedentes familiares de alergia o asma tienen más propensión a desarrollar asma. No hay cura para el asma, pero una vez que es diagnosticada adecuadamente y se implementa un plan de tratamiento, podrá manejar su afección, y su calidad de vida mejorará. Evalúe su conocimiento con nuestra encuesta sobre asma.
Late effects of cancer and its treatment - VCU Massey Cancer Center For many, surviving their cancer diagnosis is just the first step. The good news is that so many cancer patients do survive long term. The bad news is that they are living long enough to develop a potential late effect. A late effect is any one of a large variety of toxicities that can affect virtually any organ system. In other words, life after cancer treatment of any type can include risks for conditions and diseases that result directly from that treatment. "The Childhood Cancer Survivor" "Long-Term Considerations after Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplantation" "Late Effects of Radiation Therapy" Questions and answers "The Childhood Cancer Survivor" "Living with Survival: the Childhood Cancer Survivor" is presented by Nancy L. Back to top "Long-Term Considerations after Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplantation" "Late Effects of Radiation Therapy" Questions and answers Full transcript of the question-and-answer session regarding the late effects of cancer therapy
Asthma in Adults Managing Asthma Avoidance or control of the triggers that lead to asthma attacks is as much a priority as treatment of the disease. Of some concern are studies reporting no change in asthmatic symptoms after controlling cat or dust mite allergens. More research is needed to identify the reasons for this. Indoor Protection Controlling Pets. Controlling for Dust. Bedding and Curtains. Reducing Humidity in the House. Gas Stoves, Kerosene, and Cooking. Exterminating Pests (Cockroaches and Mice). Avoiding Smoking and Cigarette Smoke. Outdoor Protection Avoiding Outdoor Allergens. Camping and hiking trips should not be scheduled during times of high pollen count (in the Northern states, May and June for grass pollen and mid-August to October for ragweed). Reducing Exposure to Air Pollution. Occupational Asthma and Reducing Risk A number of studies have estimated that between 2% and 26% of adult-asthma cases are related to work history. Work-related asthma is one of two types: Treatments for GERD.
Coping with Cancer: Managing Physical Effects Browse a list of common side effects of cancer or cancer treatment with links to practical information for preventing or relieving these effects. Also find information on maintaining proper nutrition during cancer treatment. To learn more, see Palliative Care in Cancer. On this page: Anemia and Bleeding Problems Managing Chemotherapy Side Effects: AnemiaPractical advice about anemia, tips to help you feel less tired, and signs to call your doctor about. Back to Top Confusion and Memory Problems Delirium (PDQ®)[ patient ] [ health professional ] Expert-reviewed information summary about delirium as a complication of cancer or its treatment. Constipation and Diarrhea Gastrointestinal Complications (PDQ®)[ patient ] [ health professional ] Expert-reviewed information summary about constipation, impaction, bowel obstruction, and diarrhea as complications of cancer or its treatment. Fatigue Fever Hair Loss Hot Flashes and Night Sweats Lymphedema Nausea and Vomiting Nutrition Oral Complications Pain
Asthma - Basic Information What Is Asthma? Asthma is a disease that affects your lungs. It is one of the most common long-term diseases of children, but adults can have asthma, too. Asthma causes wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing at night or early in the morning. In most cases, we don’t know what causes asthma, and we don’t know how to cure it. How Can You Tell if You Have Asthma? It can be hard to tell if someone has asthma, especially in children under age 5. During a checkup, the doctor will ask if you cough a lot, especially at night, and whether your breathing problems are worse after physical activity or at certain times of year. The doctor will also do a breathing test, called spirometry, to find out how well your lungs are working. What Is an Asthma Attack? An asthma attack may include coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, and trouble breathing. What Causes an Asthma Attack? An asthma attack can happen when you are exposed to “asthma triggers.” Tobacco Smoke Dust Mites Cockroach Allergen
Cancer - Understanding Cancer, page 1 In simple terms, cancer is a group of more than 100 diseases that develop across time and involve the uncontrolled division of the body's cells. Although cancer can develop in virtually any of the body's tissues, and each type of cancer has its unique features, the basic processes that produce cancer are quite similar in all forms of the disease. Cancer begins when a cell breaks free from the normal restraints on cell division and begins to follow its own agenda for proliferation (Figure 3). All of the cells produced by division of this first, ancestral cell and its progeny also display inappropriate proliferation. A tumor, or mass of cells, formed of these abnormal cells may remain within the tissue in which it originated (a condition called in situ cancer), or it may begin to invade nearby tissues (a condition called invasive cancer). What happens to cause a cell to become cancerous? Research across the last three decades, however, has revolutionized our understanding of cancer.