American Taekwondo Association | Martial Arts, Karate, Tae Kwon Do, Tae-Kwon-Do Martial arts The martial art of boxing was practiced in the ancient Thera. Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat practices, which are practiced for a variety of reasons: self-defense, competition, physical health and fitness, entertainment, as well as mental, physical, and spiritual development. Variation and scope[edit] Martial arts may be categorized along a variety of criteria, including: By technical focus[edit] Unarmed Grappling Weapon-based Those traditional martial arts which train armed combat often encompass a wide spectrum of melee weapons, including bladed weapons and polearms. Sometimes, training with one specific weapon will be considered a style of martial arts in its own right, which is especially the case in Japanese martial arts with disciplines such as kenjutsu and kendo (sword), bojutsu (staff), and kyudo (archery). By application or intent[edit] Combat-oriented Health-oriented Spirituality-oriented Martial arts can also be linked with religion and spirituality.
List of martial arts There are a large number of distinct styles and schools of martial arts. Sometimes, schools or styles are introduced by individual teachers or masters, or as a brand name by a specific gym. Martial arts can be grouped by type or focus, or alternatively by regional origin. This article focuses on the latter grouping. For hybrid martial arts, as they originated from the late 19th century and especially after 1950, it may be impossible to identify unique or predominant regional origins. A large portion of traditional martial arts can be categorized as folk wrestling (see the separate article), although in some cases a folk wrestling style and a modern combat sport may overlap or become indistinguishable from each other once the sport has been regulated. Africa[edit] Styles of stickfighting Folk wrestling Bare knuckle boxing Others Engolo (Angola) The Americas[edit] Mixed martial arts Barbados Bajan stick licking Bolivia Tinku Brazil Canada; Colombia Cuba El Juego de Maní Peru Bakom/Vacon Trinidad and Tobago
Physical exercise Classification Physical exercises are generally grouped into three types, depending on the overall effect they have on the human body:[7] Physical exercise can also include training that focuses on accuracy, agility, power, and speed.[11] Health effects Physical exercise is important for maintaining physical fitness and can contribute positively to maintaining a healthy weight, building and maintaining healthy bone density, muscle strength, and joint mobility, promoting physiological well-being, reducing surgical risks, and strengthening the immune system. Exercise reduces levels of cortisol,[13] which causes many health problems, both physical and mental.[14] Conversely, exercise increases levels of saliva nitrite, which can be converted to the nitric oxide, thereby, increasing intensity and training load. Not everyone benefits equally from exercise. Cardiovascular system The beneficial effect of exercise on the cardiovascular system is well documented. Immune system Brain function Sleep
Taekwondo Taekwondo /ˌtaɪˌkwɒnˈdoʊ/ or /ˌteɪˌkwɒnˈdoʊ/ (Korean 태권도 (hangul) / 跆拳道 (hanja), [tʰɛk͈wʌndo]) is a Korean martial art. It combines combat and self-defense techniques with sport and exercise. Gyeorugi (pronounced [kjʌɾuɡi]), a type of sparring, has been an Olympic event since 2000. The name taekwondo was coined by Choi Hong Hi (of the Oh Do Kwan). Traditional taekwondo typically refers to the martial art as it was established in the 1950s and 1960s in the South Korean military and in various civilian organizations, including schools and universities. Sport taekwondo was developed in the 1950s and may have a somewhat different focus, especially in terms of its emphasis on speed and competition (as in Olympic sparring). Although there are doctrinal and technical differences between sparring in the two main styles and among the various organizations, the art in general emphasizes kicks and punches thrown from a mobile stance. History[edit] Features[edit] Flying double side kick
7 Types Of Stretching Exercises If you work out, you've likely made stretching part of your warming up and cooling down routines. It improves range of motion, flexibility, circulation and the overall success of your workout. Different kinds of training call for different types of stretching. Knowing them will help determine the appropriate type for your particular fitness program. Static stretching, the kind a fitness instructor leads at the end of a class, involves stretching a body part to its farthest position and then holding it for 30 seconds or more. It does not involve bouncing or rapid movements, just a mild, painless pulling sensation. Passive stretching is similar to static stretching, except that an apparatus or partner provides the force to stretch the muscle. Dynamic stretching involves controlled swinging of the arms and legs that gently takes them to the limits of their range of motion. Active isolated stretching is most commonly used by professionals: athletes, trainers, massage therapists and others.
Judo History and philosophy[edit] Early life of the founder[edit] The early history of judo is inseparable from its founder, Japanese polymath and educator Jigoro Kano (嘉納 治五郎, Kanō Jigorō?, 1860–1938), born Shinnosuke Kano (嘉納 新之助, Kanō Shinnosuke?). Jigoro Kano had an academic upbringing and, from the age of seven, he studied English, Japanese calligraphy (書道, shodō?) Early attempts to find a jujutsu teacher who was willing to take him on met with little success. In 1877, as a student at the Tokyo-Kaisei school (soon to become part of the newly founded Tokyo Imperial University), Kano learned that many jujutsu teachers had been forced to pursue alternative careers, frequently opening Seikotsu-in (整骨院? Founding of the Kodokan[edit] In February 1882, Kano founded a school and dojo at the Eisho-ji (永昌寺?) Judo versus Jujutsu[edit] "Judo" (柔道, jūdō?) Central to Kano's vision for judo were the principles of seiryoku zen'yō (精力善用? Judo waza (techniques)[edit] There are three basic categories of waza (技?
Yoga Yoga (/ˈjoʊɡə/; Sanskrit: योग, Listen) is an Indian physical, mental, and spiritual practice or discipline. There is a broad variety of schools, practices and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism (including Vajrayana and Tibetan Buddhism[2][3][4]) and Jainism.[5][6][7][6] The best-known are Hatha yoga and Raja yoga. The origins of Yoga have been speculated to date back to pre-Vedic Indian traditions, but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE, in ancient India's ascetic circles, which are also credited with the early sramana movements. Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the west, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century. Many studies have tried to determine the effectiveness of yoga as a complementary intervention for cancer, schizophrenia, asthma, and heart disease. Terminology There are very many compound words containing yog in Sanskrit. Goal of Yoga According to Jacobsen, "Yoga has five principal meanings:[27] Buddhism
Weight training This article is about strength training using weight (gravity) to generate resistance to contraction. For basic principles on increasing the strength of muscles, see strength training. A complete weight training workout can be performed with a pair of adjustable dumbbells and a set of weight disks (plates). Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles. Weight training versus other types of exercise[edit] History[edit] Ancient Greek sculptures also depict lifting feats. Another early device was the Indian club, which came from ancient Persia where it was called the "meels". The 1960s saw the gradual introduction of exercise machines into the still-rare strength training gyms of the time. Basic principles[edit] Weight training of different muscles with different actions against the resistance of weights. Comparison to other types of strength training[edit] Weight training versus isometric training[edit] Safety[edit] Breathing[edit]
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