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Linux and Unix commands, information, and help

Linux and Unix commands, information, and help

Mission | Open Source Initiative Linux Gazette | Making Linux a little more fun! Free Online Course Materials | Physics Unix Toolbox Hardware | Statistics | Users | Limits | Runlevels | root password | Compile kernel | Repair grub | Misc Running kernel and system information # uname -a # Get the kernel version (and BSD version) # lsb_release -a # Full release info of any LSB distribution # cat /etc/SuSE-release # Get SuSE version # cat /etc/debian_version # Get Debian version Use /etc/DISTR-release with DISTR= lsb (Ubuntu), redhat, gentoo, mandrake, sun (Solaris), and so on. See also /etc/issue. # uptime # Show how long the system has been running + load # hostname # system's host name # hostname -i # Display the IP address of the host. Hardware Informations Kernel detected hardware # dmesg # Detected hardware and boot messages # lsdev # information about installed hardware # dd if=/dev/mem bs=1k skip=768 count=256 2>/dev/null | strings -n 8 # Read BIOS Linux FreeBSD Load, statistics and messages The following commands are useful to find out what is going on on the system. Users Limits Per shell/script Per user/process System wide

Linux Manual Pages -- The Linux Documentation Project Works The Linux Documentation Project maintains an archive of snaphots of the (English language) core Linux manual pages that are maintained by Michael Kerrisk. Corrections and additions are welcome, but review the "Help Wanted" list, first. Man pages belonging to programs are usually distributed together with those programs. The latest version is man-pages-3.55.tar.gz (1.8Mb) (TLDP mirror), or man-pages-3.55.tar.bz2 (1.2Mb) (TLDP mirror). Man pages are authored using the traditional troff typesetting format, which dates back to the early days of UNIX. A tarball containing an HTML-based compilation consisting of core man-pages, and several other sources, can be downloaded from the man-html directory. Other useful search and/or indexed compilations of man pages can be found at:

Change Your Life | Are You Living or Surviving? Rosetta Stone for Unix Footnotes 1. In System V-based Unixes, run level relates to booting, shutdown, and single-user mode. In BSD, it has to do with security. 2. 3. 4. ioscan -funC disk may be helpful here to determine device path. 5. Universal Command Guide is a large book which covers several of the OSs in this table. UnixGuide.net has a similar table covering fewer Unix versions and a somewhat different set of tasks. Colin Barschel's Unix Toolbox cb.vu/unixtoolbox.xhtml is a wonderfully detailed handbook sorted by task area and giving both commands and config file excerpts for Linux and BSD. coolcommands is a search engine giving one-line command examples: www.coolcommands.com/index.php? Solaris / HP-UX / FreeBSD / Linux / AIX: www.unixporting.com/quickguide.html Solaris / HP-UX: soldc.sun.com/migration/hpux/migissues/. Unix / DOS: yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/unix_for_dos_users.html Unix / TSO mainframe: yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialLinuxForMainframers.html Unix history time line: www.levenez.com/unix/

troff.org -- the Text Processor for Typesetters Improve Your Relationship By Taking Care of Yourself First By Nancy J. Wasson, Ph.D. It’s important for you to take care of yourself before you try to fix your relationship. The old saying ‘You can’t give away what you don’t have” applies here. Until you are peaceful and happy, you won’t have a peaceful, happy relationship. If you skip these steps and jump immediately into the murky waters of your troubled relationship, you are at high risk for going under. Before you confront core relationship issues, first follow these two steps to increase your chances of success: 1. Make yourself a promise that you’re going to take good care of yourself and be okay no matter what happens in your relationship. One reason is that you will be perceived as emotionally needy and dependent. Another reason is that it’s too heavy of a burden to feel totally responsible for another person’s happiness. By showing respect for yourself and belief in your ability to thrive whether in a relationship or not, you’ll be coming from a place of empowerment and strength.

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