HTML: Hypertext Markup Language HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the most basic building block of the Web. It defines the meaning and structure of web content. Other technologies besides HTML are generally used to describe a web page's appearance/presentation (CSS) or functionality/behavior (JavaScript). "Hypertext" refers to links that connect web pages to one another, either within a single website or between websites. Links are a fundamental aspect of the Web. By uploading content to the Internet and linking it to pages created by other people, you become an active participant in the World Wide Web. HTML uses "markup" to annotate text, images, and other content for display in a Web browser. An HTML element is set off from other text in a document by "tags", which consist of the element name surrounded by "<" and ">". The articles below can help you learn more about HTML.
Mini Convention CSS Originellement conçu pour des web designers, CSS se veut être un langage de description et non de programmation. Mais ça c'était avant. Le Web a évolué, nos usages et consommations également. CSS s'adapte petit à petit au contexte actuel et se complexifie pour devenir "un vrai langage" (avec variables, calculs et fonctions, notamment). En attendant une hypothétique stabilisation du langage, nous en sommes aujourd'hui à déplorer des feuilles CSS de taille astronomique et de moins en moins maintenables en production. Par exemple, sur le site alsacreations.com (hors forum), sur un fichier CSS de 32ko, l'outil StyleStats ne dénombre pas moins de : 46 occurences de ! Une convention pour éviter la bidouille Pour améliorer notre quotidien d'intégrateur, l'agence Alsacréations s'est constitué une mini Convention CSS contenant toutes les bonnes pratiques qui nous paraissent essentielles à ce beau langage qu'est CSS. Lien vers la présentation :
HTML Basics | FabAcademy - Tutorials Original tutorial by: Krisjanis RijnieksYour lab name: Aalto FablabLicense: CC-SA-BYLast Review Date: 22 Jan 2019Last Modified by: Krisjanis Rijnieks Summary During my Fab Academy experience I noticed that many students without background in web development have problems grasping the way HTML is generally taught. A website can be build using plain HTML. Step 1. HTML is a markup language initiated by Tim Berners-Lee. The first specification of HTML contained 18 elements. However HTML is less about web design as it is about structure of a document. Step 2. HTML document is a plain text file, usually with an extension .html. Create a new directory somewhere on your computer. html is a good name for it. html └── index.html I am calling the file index.html because usually it is the first file your web browser is looking for when you open a website. By using your text editor, add the following content to the index.html file and save it. <h1>Hello! Open it in your web browser of choice. Step 4. <!
Getting Started Most webmasters are familiar with HTML tags on their pages. Usually, HTML tags tell the browser how to display the information included in the tag. For example, <h1>Avatar</h1> tells the browser to display the text string "Avatar" in a heading 1 format. However, the HTML tag doesn't give any information about what that text string means—"Avatar" could refer to the hugely successful 3D movie, or it could refer to a type of profile picture—and this can make it more difficult for search engines to intelligently display relevant content to a user. Schema.org provides a collection of shared vocabularies webmasters can use to mark up their pages in ways that can be understood by the major search engines: Google, Microsoft, Yandex and Yahoo! 1. 1a. Your web pages have an underlying meaning that people understand when they read the web pages. 1b. itemscope and itemtype Let's start with a concrete example. To begin, identify the section of the page that is "about" the movie Avatar. Back to top 1d.
MDN Web Docs Microdata et Schema.org, la sémantique chirurgicale Les dispositifs mettant en exergue la sémantique qui permet notamment aux moteurs de recherche d'appréhender des informations précises sur le contenu d'une page Web ont été valorisés par l'avènement de la technologie Microdata dans HTML5. Fort des expérimentations en matière de balisage sémantique fournies par les microformats, on a pu mettre en place une syntaxe permettant de faciliter ce type de mise en évidence. Les microformats avant HTML5 Difficile de trouver une date précise, mais il semblerait qu'ils existent depuis envrion 2003 avec l'arrivée de XFN, et prennent des formes variées. De manière générale les μF utilisent les attributs existants (classes, rel) de HTML et cherchent à simplifier l'utilisation de certaines données par les programmes (logiciels) auxquels ils s'adressent. Les informations peuvent être marquées de différentes manières : Pour aller plus loin, consultez Les microformats et Les microformats 2. Microdata avec HTML5 Comment inclure des Microdatas ? itemprop itemref
Tutorials The links on this page lead to a variety of tutorials and training materials. Whether you are just starting out, learning the basics, or are an old hand at web development, you can find helpful resources here for best practices. These resources are created by forward-thinking companies and web developers who have embraced open standards and best practices for web development and that provide or allow translations, through an open content license such as Creative Commons. For complete beginners to the Web Getting started with the Web Getting started with the Web is a concise series introducing you to the practicalities of web development. HTML Tutorials Introductory level Introduction to HTML This module sets the stage, getting you used to important concepts and syntax, looking at applying HTML to text, how to create hyperlinks, and how to use HTML to structure a webpage. MDN HTML element reference A comprehensive reference for HTML elements, and how the different browsers support them.
W3Schools Online Web Tutorials