Spinning wheel History[edit] The earliest clear illustrations of the spinning wheel come from Baghdad (drawn in 1234),[2] China (c. 1270) and Europe (c. 1280), and there is evidence that spinning wheels had already come into use in both China and the Islamic world during the eleventh century.[3] According to Irfan Habib, the spinning wheel was introduced into India from Iran in the thirteenth century.[3] In France the spindle and distaff were not displaced until the mid 18th century.[4] According to Mark Elvin, 14th-century Chinese technical manuals describe an automatic water-powered spinning wheel. Comparable devices were not developed in Europe until the 18th century. In general, the spinning technology was known for a long time before being adopted by the majority of people, thus making it hard to fix dates of the improvements. Types of spinning wheels[edit] Charkha[edit] A lady yarning in a Charkha in MG Road Boulevard, Bangalore Modified and portable compact Charkha Great wheel[edit] Double drive[edit]
New York Public Library Puts 20,000 Hi-Res Maps Online & Makes Them Free to Download and Use When I was a kid, my father brought home from I know not where an enormous collection of National Geographic magazines spanning the years 1917 to 1985. I found, tucked in almost every issue, one of the magazine’s gorgeous maps—of the Moon, St. Petersburg, the Himalayas, Eastern Europe’s ever-shifting boundaries. I became a cartography enthusiast and geographical sponge, poring over them for years just for the sheer enjoyment of it, a pleasure that remains with me today. The Lionel Pincus & Princess Firyal Map Division is very proud to announce the release of more than 20,000 cartographic works as high resolution downloads. What does this mean? Can you—as I did with my neatly folded, yellowing archive—have all the maps in full-color print? This, explains the NYPL, “is the process where digital images of maps are stretched, placing the maps themselves into their geographic context, rendered either on the website or with tools such as Google Earth.” Related Content:
Weaving A plain weave: image of warp and weft A satin weave, common for silk, each warp thread floats over 16 weft threads. Cloth is usually woven on a loom, a device that holds the warp threads in place while filling threads are woven through them. A fabric band which meets this definition of cloth (warp threads with a weft thread winding between) can also be made using other methods, including tablet weaving, back-strap, or other techniques without looms.[3] The way the warp and filling threads interlace with each other is called the weave. The majority of woven products are created with one of three basic weaves: plain weave, satin weave, or twill.[4] Woven cloth can be plain (in one colour or a simple pattern), or can be woven in decorative or artistic designs. Process and terminology[edit] An Indian weaver preparing his warp on a pegged loom (another type of hand loom) Weaving can be summarized as a repetition of these three actions, also called the primary motion of the loom. History[edit]
Kosmic-Dungeon – Rpg map Putting-out system The putting-out system is a means of subcontracting work. Historically it was also known as the workshop system and the domestic system. In putting-out, work is contracted by a central agent to subcontractors who complete the work in off-site facilities, either in their own homes or in workshops with multiple craftsmen. The domestic system was suited to pre-urban times because workers did not have to travel from home to work which was quite impracticable due to the state of roads and footpaths and members of the household spent many hours in farm or household tasks. Early factory owners sometimes had to build dormitories to house workers, especially girls and women. The development of this trend is often considered to be a form of proto-industrialization and remained prominent until the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century. At that point, it underwent name and geographical changes. Firearms[edit] Historian David A. All of the processes were carried out under different cottage roofs.
Introduction: What is Imperialism? “Your father’s lightsaber. This is the weapon of a Jedi Knight. Not as clumsy or random as a blaster; an elegant weapon for a more civilized age. For over a thousand generations, the Jedi Knights were the guardians of peace and justice in the Old Republic. —From Star Wars: Episode IV—A New Hope. In the Star Wars movies, the Empire continually seeks to expand its control from the capital planet Coruscant to outlying regions in the universe. Though Star Wars takes place “a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away,” many earthly empires have not been that different from the fictitious Galactic Empire. The core territory of an empire usually consists of a dominant nation or kingdom with a shared language and religion—such as ancient Rome during the Roman Empire or the United Kingdom during the British Empire. Throughout world history, kingdoms and nations have competed to expand their territories and power at the expense of others. Neither empire could sustain its prime area of conquest.
Untitled Document What was Pre-Industrial Society Like? How much did the Industrial Revolution change society? Did the Industrial Revolution improve life for most people? The only way to investigate these questions is to compare and contrast industrial with pre-industrial society. For starters, the pace of change in preindustrial society was extremely slow. Daily life in pre-industrial times changed very little for Europeans. Another clear trend in pre-industrial society saw the population not growing very much from generation to generation. Pre-industrial population did not increase substantially in Europe for hundreds of years. Wealth in pre-industrial European society was concentrated in the hands of the few, while poverty was common. Most people in preindustrial England lived on a subsistence level with little or no savings. The Roots of Industrialization in Pre-Industrial Society Advances in learning also led European nations to surpass China in technological and military prowess.
The Industrial Revolution, 1750-1914 | AC History Units Year level: Year 9 Australian Curriculum: History reference – Depth Study 1 Making a Better World? The Industrial Revolution, 1750-1914 option The learning sequence models an approach that encourages inquiry and provides a significant amount of source material for students to use. The suggested assessment task that follows allows students to consolidate their learning and produce an extended response. See: Year 9 program: the Industrial Revolution, 1750-1914 (PDF, 158 KB) Year 9 program template (Word, 145 KB) Year 9 lesson template (Word, 143 KB) Don't bank on a wage rise this year. Expect rate cuts instead Analysis Posted about 6 hours agoSun 21 Jul 2019, 8:07pm Groucho Marx summed it up perfectly: "I worked my way up from nothing to a state of extreme poverty." It's an amusing line, one with which many of us identify. On paper, our jobs numbers look pretty good. The great bugbear, however, is wages growth or, rather, the lack thereof. But it's no longer happening, here or most other places in the developed world. Given we hold the record for the world's most indebted households, we need a wages surge — hated as it would be by big business — to inflate away our debt problems. To make matters more difficult, the unemployment trend no longer is our friend. That ensures one thing: we will see the Reserve Bank cut again before we ring in the New Year. Mass sackings and the economy A quick look at the headlines and you could be forgiven for thinking we're on the cusp of a dramatic lift in unemployment and it is this alone that is keeping a lid on wages It is the same with manufacturing and mining.
These three lessons from history could help us understand our digital future Posted about 3 hours agoSun 28 Jul 2019, 1:00am In our quest to understand more about a world of digital surveillance, screen time and increasing internet usage, we are often urged to look towards the visions of billionaire tech oligarchs like Mark Zuckerberg or Elon Musk. However, digital rights activist Lizzie O'Shea says the rules of digital society are not yet set in — and the answers we're looking for can be found in the past. "It's important to look backwards because sometimes, it feels as though technology doesn't have a history — that it's just arrived — and in fact, that's not the case," she says. "Technology intersects with big ideas like democracy and rights and self-determination and they've got a history that becomes relevant to how they're expressed in the digital age." So what can the past teach us about how we can use, regulate and advance digital technology into the future? Here are just three moments in history she says we can learn from. 1. 2. 3.