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The Genetic Gamesmanship of a Seven-Sexed Creature | Discoblog What could be better than two types of sexes? For one organism, the answer isn’t three, but seven! And to top it off, these seven sexes aren’t evenly distributed in a population, although researchers have now developed a mathematical model that can accurately estimate the probabilities in this crap-shoot game of sexual determination. Meet Tetrahymena thermophila, which in addition to its seven different sexes—conveniently named I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII—has such a complex sex life that it requires an extra nucleus. This fuzzy, single-celled critter has a larger macronucleus that takes care of most cellular functions and a smaller micronucleus dedicated to genetic conjugation. The other odd thing about this one-celled wonder is that the population of the seven sexes are skewed, leading Unversity of Houston researcher Rebecca Zufall and her colleagues to ask: What gives? Related Content: 80beats: What Makes a Boy Lizard? Image: Wikimedia Commons / Ayacop
Bienvenue à Gènes ABC! Research at Stanford may lead to computers that understand humans After decades of trial and error, artificial intelligence applications that aim to understand human language are slowly starting to lose some of their brittleness. Now, a simple mathematical model developed by two psychologists at Stanford University could lead to further improvements, helping transform computers that display the mere veneer of intelligence into machines that truly understand what we are saying. The Loebner Prize is a competition of the world's best "chatbots" - computer programs designed to simulate how a human interacts in a normal written conversation - that promises a grand prize of US$100,000 to the first program that can interact with another human in a natural way, undistinguishable from another human. However, there is hope yet. "A key part of this work was made possible by other research on Bayesian modeling, which uses principles from statistical reasoning to help us understand the structure of the mind," Assistant Professor Michael Frank told Gizmag.
Biologija.com.hr - Vijesti - Biologija - Zašto je nekih vrsta na Zemlji mnogo, a nekih malo? Na svijetu postoji više od 400.000 vrsta kornjaša (skupina kukaca), a samo dvije vrste tuatara ili premosnika, rođaka zmija i guštera, koji živi na sjeveru Novog Zelanda. Zašto evolucija stvara ''pobjednike',' kao što su sisavci i mnoge vrste ptica i riba, a zašto ''gubitnike'' i dalje je jedno od središnjih pitanja evolucijske biologije. Premosnici (Sphenodon) su jedini recentni rod reda Rhynchocephalia u razredu gmazova. Pored toga, jedini su recentni predstavnici porodice Sphenodontidae. Obitelj premosnika predstavljaju samo dvije vrste, Sphenodon punctatus (naslovna fotografija) i, još rjeđa, Sphenodon guntheri. Znanstvenici su pretpostavljali da je vrijeme glavni čimbenik koji utječe na broj vrsta - što su neke životinjske i biljne linije starije od ostalih, iz njih se mnogo više vrsta imalo vremena razviti. Druga teorija, da su neke skupine urođeno bolje ili lošije u proizvodnji vrsta, također ne objašnjava razlike u broju vrsta među glavnim živućim linijama biljaka i životinja.
Là est la question Manipulations Enfoncer les deux fourchettes de chaque côté de la boule, les manches dirigés vers le bas. Piquer le morceau de baguette sous la boule, au centre. Poser la boule (côté baguette) sur le bout d'un doigt. Explication Sans les fourchettes, la boule avec le bout de baguette ne peut pas tenir en équilibre sur le fil ou sur le bout d'un doigt.
UAVs and open source software combine to digitize historical buildings in 3D The human implications for living in a world with UAVs are very much dependent on one's latitude and longitude at any given time. Though the term is likely to conjure images of covert military operations, it's not a connotation that the term, or the technology, necessarily implies. Fundamentally, a UAV is merely an unpiloted flying machine, and that's a potentially useful thing to have for all sorts of civilian applications. There may be a small typo in the University of Granada press release, which claims this is the first 3D modeling system employing UAVs. We know relatively little about the specific technology, designed with historic buildings and monuments in mind, employed at Granada. Like Autodesk's, Granada's UAV is mounted with an SLR camera, and though the team is testing a variety of models, Arroyo told Gizmag that the priorities are fast and cheap. As might be expected, it's in the digital realm where the techniques of Autodesk and Granada diverge.
Rare and Precious Moments of Animal Life How interesting can animal life be is something which we can only guess. By looking these amazing photographs it seems that they have very funny and precious moments. Would you like to be monkey, or elephant, or maybe cat sometimes? Science on tourne - C'est dans l'aire « Science on tourne ! » est un cycle de webcasts entre scientifiques et lycéens. Des lycéens de différentes classes sont invités à assister à une conférence scientifique en direct depuis la salle de conférence de leur établissement ! Le jour du webcast, un film de 30 minutes est diffusé en première partie de séance. Vous souhaitez des informations sur les prochains "Science on tourne" ? Vous souhaitez que votre classe participe en direct ? Revoir un « Science on tourne »
A Start-Up Bets on Human Translators Over Machines Language does not come naturally to machines. Unlike humans, computers cannot easily distinguish between, say, a river bank and a savings bank. Satire and jokes? Algorithms have great trouble with that. That human edge in decoding what things mean is what a computer scientist turned entrepreneur, Luis von Ahn, is betting on. For the learners, Duolingo offers basic lessons, followed by sentences to translate, one at a time, from simple to more difficult. Photo by Justin MerrimanLuis von Ahn The site has been available by invitation only for the last five months and is now limited to English, Spanish, French and German. “You’re learning a language and at the same time, helping to translate the Web,” Mr. von Ahn said. Google Translate, by contrast, relies entirely on machines to do the work — and while it usually captures the essence of a piece of text, it can sometimes produce bewildering passages. Crowdsourcing is at the heart of Mr. von Ahn’s ambitions.
Don Slish Animations {*style:<b>Animations and Interactive Tutorials Produced by Dr. Donald F. Slish </b>*} This animation shows the molecular mechanisms of the control of cell division by tyrosine kinases and the inhibition of this by p53, when there is slight DNA damage. Other animations: RER protein folding Hypoxic effects on dopamine release Metabotropic Receptor activating an ion channel Ionotropic Receptor Receptor Regulation (Extended) Receptor Regulation (Short form) Amphetamines, Ecstasy, Cocaine, and LSD mechanisms Insulin Receptor Mechanism Phosphatidylinositol Kinase and actin polymerization Toxin of the Neuromuscular Junction Summation (threshold) Summation Cell Crawling - retrograde flow of actin Cell Crawling APC control of Metaphase - Anaphase transition TNF activation of Apoptosis Cargo Vesicle moving on a Microtubule Vesicle I Astral molecular motor Astral II Molecular motors used in mitosis Molecular Motors A basic electrical circuit
Une minute de science, s.v.p.!, Volume 1 par Votre location se termine le Une minute de science, s.v.p.! est une délicieuse collection de petits films d'une minute chacun expliquant, à l'aide de l'animation, d'images d'archives, et d'une narration souvent humoristique, divers phénomènes et découvertes scientifiques. Ajouter ce code à votre site <iframe src=" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe><p style="width:560px"><a href=" target="_blank"><em> Une minute de science, s.v.p.!, Volume 1 </em></a> , <a href=" target="_blank">Office national du film du Canada</a></p> Largeur de la vidéo : par 315Réinitialiser
Google's 'brain simulator': 16,000 computers to identify a cat Stanford computer scientist Andrew Ng next to an image of a cat that a neural network taught itself to recognise. Photo: The New York Times Inside Google's secretive X laboratory, known for inventing self-driving cars and augmented reality glasses, a small group of researchers began working several years ago on a simulation of the human brain. There Google scientists created one of the largest neural networks for machine learning by connecting 16,000 computer processors, which they turned loose on the internet to learn on its own. We never told it during the training, 'This is a cat,' ... Presented with 10 million digital images found in YouTube videos, what did Google's brain do? The neural network taught itself to recognise cats, which is actually no frivolous activity. Advertisement The Google scientists and programmers will note that while it is hardly news that the internet is full of cat videos, the simulation nevertheless surprised them. And then, of course, there are the cats.
Brain, Brain Information Making sense of the brain's mind-boggling complexity isn't easy. What we do know is that it's the organ that makes us human, giving people the capacity for art, language, moral judgments, and rational thought. It's also responsible for each individual's personality, memories, movements, and how we sense the world. All this comes from a jellylike mass of fat and protein weighing about 3 pounds (1.4 kilograms). It is, nevertheless, one of the body's biggest organs, consisting of some 100 billion nerve cells that not only put together thoughts and highly coordinated physical actions but regulate our unconscious body processes, such as digestion and breathing. The brain's nerve cells are known as neurons, which make up the organ's so-called "gray matter." The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, accounting for 85 percent of the organ's weight. The cerebrum has two halves, or hemispheres. Movement and Balance The diencephalon is located in the core of the brain.