Alternative Technology Centre The design of rural development. Lessons from Africa Abstract The study analyses the diverse sets of specific constraints and potentials that are encountered in rural areas, and specifies the type of overall policy and institutional framework that are conducive to the objectives of rural development. To obtain an understanding of the many administrative, technological, sociopolitical and environmental factors that influence the quality of rural planning, the study draws on detailed evidence from seventeen rural development programmes in sub-Saharan Africa. You are viewing sample pages from CABI's life sciences databases on CAB Direct. To learn more about our products please visit our website.Please recommend this service to your librarian. To search over 9 million abstracts like this from 1910 onwards please purchase access. Buy Instant Access »
Subhash Palekar the cube projectThe Cube Project – University of Hertfordshire Exploring Africa MODULE 18: Central Africa ACTIVITY II: Explore: History of Central Africa In Activity I we learned about the geography, cultures, and natural resources of Central Africa. We learned that it is an area of geographical, cultural, economic and political diversity. Activity II will focus on the historical evolution of central Africa from the first occupation of the area more than 2000 years ago, through the development of centralized kingdoms, the colonial experience, to the period of independence. Unlike other areas of Africa, no remains of early humans (hominid) have been found in Central Africa and the knowledge about the earliest inhabitants of the region is still limited. The first forest dwellers were hunter-gatherers highly skilled in taking advantage of their forest habitat. Approximately 2,000 years ago a new group of people started moving into the region. The Bantu settlers introduced pastoralism and cattle breeding in the region along crop cultivation. Agricultural & Metallurgy 1.
Forest Food Web: Knowledge for Designing Edible Forest Gardens by Filip Tkaczyk Understanding the function of a forest food web can greatly enhance your effectiveness in creating, maintaining and improving a permaculture edible forest garden (a designed community of mutually-beneficial edible, medicinal, and utilitarian plants that mimics a natural forest ecosystem). A food web is a series of elements and organisms related by predator-prey, consumer, or resource interactions - the entirety of interrelated food chains in an ecological community. The Basics of a Food Web You can begin to understand a food web by recognizing the major categories of elements and their functions. Clean water is vital to the life of many organisms in the forest food web, especially all of the plants. The fourth, and most important component of a food web are the living organisms. Applying The Knowledge So now that you know the elements, how can you apply the knowledge? The Living Soil Keeping and supporting a living, healthy soil is key to a fruitful edible forest garden.
Community Energy Initiatives Information has been collected as consistently as possible for projects funded or supported by the following community-orientated Government Programmes and other community energy programmes or networks: Government community energy programmes: Clear Skies Community Renewables Initiative (CRI)* Scottish Community and Householder Renewables Initiative (SCHRI) PV Grant Programme Community Energy EST Innovation Programme Other community energy programmes/networks: Baywind Energy Co-operative Baywind Energy4All Solar Clubs† Community Power (Powergen) Ecodyfi Awel Aman Tawe (AAT) Ashden Awards Community Fund (part of the Big Lottery Fund) For more information on these programmes/networks and links to their web sites see our LINKS page. * For the CRI, information on community involvement is represented by a framework of archetypes. † The database includes all the solar clubs for which there was information available.
The fight against colonialism and imperialism in Africa The fight against colonialism and imperialism in Africa To understand what effects WW2 had on the nature of the fight against colonialism and imperialism in Africa we need to look at the climate just before WW2. Rebellions Against Colonial Rule Before the Second World War After 1900, Europe began to introduce changes to colonial rule in an effort to increase revenues from the colonies. These changes included taking land from African people and giving it to the growing number of Europeans in the colonies. Resistance movements began to rise in Africa. Revolt: To rise against the government with the aim of removing it and replacing it with another government that is more acceptable. One of the chiefs who organised an armed rebellion against British colonial authority was Zulu Chief Bambatha. These Maji Maji revolts shared similar traits. An Uprising in Nyasaland (Malawi) Not all uprisings in this period were influenced by African spirit mediums. Herero Uprising Activity 1: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2.
What is sustainable development · Sustainable Development Commission "Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." The concept of sustainable development can be interpreted in many different ways, but at its core is an approach to development that looks to balance different, and often competing, needs against an awareness of the environmental, social and economic limitations we face as a society. All too often, development is driven by one particular need, without fully considering the wider or future impacts. We are already seeing the damage this kind of approach can cause, from large-scale financial crises caused by irresponsible banking, to changes in global climate resulting from our dependence on fossil fuel-based energy sources. The longer we pursue unsustainable development, the more frequent and severe its consequences are likely to become, which is why we need to take action now. So is it all just about the environment? Not necessarily.