What is the Difference Between a Government and a State? What is government? A government is an institution that makes and enforces public policies for and on a society. Public policies are the things that a government wants to do in its involvement with society. However, in order for a government to make and enforce its public policies, it must have something we call power. Every government has 3 kinds of power: 1. 2. 3. Really, there are 2 main ways for a government to exercise these 3 powers: 1. 2. What is a state? There are 4 things that define a state: 1. 2. 3. 4. How did the state come into being? There are 4 reasons as to how states were established: 1. 2. 3. 4. What is the purpose of government? There are 4 things that a government does: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. William McClenaghan, "American Government."
Sociology Thursday, May 23, 2013 WOW! Sociology is a brand new CPD course that follows the popular format used in our sell-out course for Economics & Business Studies. WOW! Sociology 2014 will provide teaching colleagues with a fantastic collection of resources that can be used immediately in the GCSE and A level Sociology classroom. We've asked a superb team of experienced and passionate Sociology teachers to develop their best-ever lesson resources for GCSE and A Level Sociology. The result is a superb collection of teaching resources that students will find engaging, challenging and enjoyable. Further information about the contributors and resources provided on the course will be added to this blog entry in the near future. You can make provisional bookings for the inaugural WOW! Thursday, April 04, 2013 Here's an interesting news story about how sub cultures are to receive greater protection from hate crime in the Manchester area. Follow this link for more information. Wednesday, February 06, 2013
Business Subjects | AS and A-level | Business Studies Some GCSEs and A-levels are changing for first teaching in September 2015, with the Government introducing new regulations about subject content and assessment. Our new AS and A-level specifications for Economics and Business will be available to download after 11am on 12 June. A-level Business Studies helps students: develop a critical understanding of organisations, the markets they serve and the process of adding valuebe aware that business behaviour can be studied from the perspectives of a range of stakeholdersacquire a range of skills including decision-making and problem-solvingbe aware of the current structure of business and business practice. This four-unit specification requires students to develop their ability to acquire a range of important and transferable skills including data skills, presenting arguments, making judgments and conducting research. A-level consultations have been launched. Specification
Revision:Edexcel AS Level Politics Unit 1 TSR Wiki > Study Help > Subjects and Revision > Revision Notes > Politics > Edexcel AS Level Politics Unit 1 What is power? The ability to make others do something. What is authority? The right to exercise power. What are the three types of power? Coercion – the use of force to achieve ends. What are the three types of authority according to Weber? Traditional – accepted as real authority if over a long period of time e.g. hereditary monarch, H of L, Pope. What is legitimacy? Whether power is being rightfully exercised. Which six principle examples constitute legitimate rule? Tradition – a regime that has held power without serious popular challenge for a long period of time. What is consent and what criteria show positive signs of consent? Consent – permission to be governed. What is sovereignty? In general terms, “supreme power”. To what extent do the use of referenda undermine parliamentary sovereignty? YES If referendum is mandatory its result binds Parlt. What is consensus politics?
Business Studies Monday, April 07, 2014 A great BBC article and video highlighting why China’s domestic mobile phone companies are now the greatest threat to Apple and Samsung’s success. The extracts below will add weight to any argument that foreign mobile companies will struggle to succeed in the Chinese market. Shenzhen, once a fishing village is now referred to as China’s Silicon Valley. In the interview with Shi Lirong, Global President of ZTE (now the most innovative company in the world, filing 50,000 international patents last year), he lays out his three-pronged strategy of customer-focused innovation, recruitment of the best staff from around the world and the development of business partnerships. Very impressive stuff! Following on from Jim's blog updating us on Starbucks strategy, here is another great 4 minute CNN video interview with Howard Schultz in which he talks about his app that allows customers to order on-line. Saturday, April 05, 2014 Here is the article - well worth a read. Risk Taking
THE IMPORTANCE OF FREEDOM OF INF By Mitchell W. Pearlman, Executive Director Connecticut freedom of Information Commission Freedom of Information laws are important. Of that there is no doubt. They are important for public accountability and the equal treatment of all people under the rule of law. “A popular Government without popular information, or the means of acquiring it, is but a Prologue to a Farce or a Tragedy; or perhaps both. . . . Not surprisingly, the focus of attention on most Freedom of Information laws is at the national level. Although the emphasis on national Freedom of Information régimes is both appropriate and understandable, I believe that greater attention ought to be directed at Freedom of Information laws at sub-national (i.e., state, provincial and local) levels. There are three primary reasons why I believe sub-national Freedom of Information laws are so worthy of greater attention. Consider for a moment how much interaction occurs between people and their local and regional governments.
Socialisation Socialization is the process whereby we learn to become competent members of a group. Primary socialization is the learning we experience from the people who raise us. In order for children to grow and thrive, caregivers must satisfy their physical needs, including food, clothing, and shelter. Caregivers must also teach children what they need to know in order to function as members of a society, including norms, values, and language. Developmental Stages Researchers have different theories about how children learn about themselves and their roles in society. Freud’s Theory of Personality Development Austrian physician Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, believed that basic biological instincts combine with societal factors to shape personalities. Id: According to Freud, the id develops first. Mead’s Theory of Social Behaviorism Sociologist George Herbert Mead believed that people develop self-images through interactions with other people. Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Stage Age 1. 2. 3. 4.
Electoral Calculus Current Prediction: Conservative majority 6 Prediction based on opinion polls from 03 Sep 2015 to 30 Sep 2015, sampling 8,280 people. Probability of possible outcomes The future is never certain. Local Election Results and Boundaries Update 2015 The seat detail pages now have the new local election results, and updated local ward boundaries where they have changed. You can see these new seat details by going to the index pages on the left-hand menu bar (England A-B, ..., Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland), or by using the postcode lookup for any UK location: An example seat is Arundel and South Downs (BN14 0TF) which has had updated boundaries. Results include the following parties shown separately: Local election results used are now: Since 2010, sixty-two English councils have been given new boundaries by the Local Government Boundary Commission for England (LGBCE), and these new boundaries took effect at the 2015 elections. Voter Migration Flows: post-election update 30 May 2015
South Sudan | International Republican Institute (IRI) Download Summary (PDF) On July 9, 2011, the former semi-autonomous region of South Sudan was officially recognized as a sovereign state, the Republic of South Sudan. Independence, mandated by the January 2011 self-determination referendum, was one of the final elements of the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement. The peace agreement ended a decades-long civil war between northern and southern Sudan and ushered in a period of great opportunity for the country. To support Africa’s newest country, IRI offers capacity building and technical assistance to political parties and government institutions. IRI continues to support inter-party dialogue and provides space for opposition parties to voice their positions and concerns. IRI also actively engages women and youth members of political parties to promote their continued incorporation into party and governmental positions. Campaigns and Elections IRI has and will continue to play an active role in elections throughout South Sudan.
Define state sovereignty and explain its implications for international politics June 2011 - Unit 3D, Edexcel, Government and Politics A2 State sovereignty is the idea that states operate as autonomous and independent entities in world politics, sovereignty being the principle of absolute or unlimited power,. Distinctions are nevertheless made between legal sovereignty, defined in terms of authority, and political authority, defined in terms of power. Realists are the key theorists that hold state sovereignty as the absolute. However, state sovereignty also implies, at least in theory, that states are equal. Nevertheless, the concept has been developed to accommodate changes in international relations – such as the increase in civil wars and the dominance of liberal thinking.
Explain the implications of bipolarity for peace and international order. January 2013 - Unit 3D, Edexcel, Government and Politics A2 Bipolarity refers to an international system which revolves around two poles (major power blocs). The term is most commonly associated with the Cold War and the East-West rivalry during the ‘superpower era’. For it to be a genuine bipolar world order a level of equality has to exist between the two powers, particularly in military terms. Neorealists, in particular, believe that bipolarity favours stability and order. This leads to a further argument that it actually creates stability in conflict terms, particularly when compared to the multipolar years of WWI and WWII. However, critical theorists argue that it actually just led to a strengthening of imperialist tendencies with the spheres of influence being dependent on the superpowers for security.
Why do realists believe that global politics is characterised by conflict? January 2010 - Unit 3D, Edexcel, Government and Politics A2 For realists, war and conflict is an enduring feature of international relations and world affairs. This is due to the inescapable dynamics of power politics: states, the most important actors in international relations, are driven by national interest. Ultimately, if states are driven by self-interest there will regularly be conflict due to overlap in interest – i.e. both of the world wars can be explained through each country’s national interest. Classical realists explain power politics by emphasising state egoism, arguing that rivalry between and among political communities reflects inherent tendencies within human nature towards self-seeking, competition and aggression. However, neo-realists argue that the international system is anarchic and therefore states are forced to rely on self-help in order to achieve survival and security, which can only be ensured through the acquisition of military power.