Fluid mechanics
Brief history[edit] The study of fluid mechanics goes back at least to the days of ancient Greece, when Archimedes investigated fluid statics and buoyancy and formulated his famous law known now as the Archimedes' principle, which was published in his work On Floating Bodies - generally considered to be the first major work on fluid mechanics. Rapid advancement in fluid mechanics began with Leonardo da Vinci (observations and experiments), Evangelista Torricelli (invented the barometer), Isaac Newton (investigated viscosity) and Blaise Pascal (researched hydrostatics, formulated Pascal's law), and was continued by Daniel Bernoulli with the introduction of mathematical fluid dynamics in Hydrodynamica (1738). Relationship to continuum mechanics[edit] Fluid mechanics is a subdiscipline of continuum mechanics, as illustrated in the following table. Assumptions[edit] Like any mathematical model of the real world, fluid mechanics makes some basic assumptions about the materials being studied.
Heat transfer
Heat transfer describes the exchange of thermal energy, between physical systems depending on the temperature and pressure, by dissipating heat. Systems which are not isolated may decrease in entropy. Most objects emit infrared thermal radiation near room temperature. The fundamental modes of heat transfer are conduction or diffusion, convection, advection and radiation. The exchange of kinetic energy of particles through the boundary between two systems is at a different temperature from another body or its surroundings. Thermal equilibrium is reached when all involved bodies and the surroundings reach the same temperature. Overview[edit] Earth's longwave thermal radiation intensity, from clouds, atmosphere and surface. Heat is defined in physics as the transfer of thermal energy across a well-defined boundary around a thermodynamic system. In engineering contexts, the term heat is taken as synonymous to thermal energy. Mechanisms[edit] The fundamental modes of heat transfer are: Advection
Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies the principles of engineering, physics and materials science for the design, analysis, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It is the branch of engineering that involves the design, production, and operation of machinery and tools.[1][2] It is one of the oldest and broadest of the engineering disciplines. The engineering field requires an understanding of core concepts including mechanics, kinematics, thermodynamics, materials science, structural analysis, and electricity. Mechanical engineers use these core principles along with tools like computer-aided engineering, and product lifecycle management to design and analyze manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, heating and cooling systems, transport systems, aircraft, watercraft, robotics, medical devices, weapons, and others. History[edit] Education[edit] Degrees in mechanical engineering are offered at universities worldwide. Coursework[edit]
HVAC
HVAC is important in the design of medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and in marine environments such as aquariums, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors. Overview[edit] Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning is based on inventions and discoveries made by Nikolay Lvov, Michael Faraday, Willis Carrier, Reuben Trane, James Joule, William Rankine, Sadi Carnot, and many others.[1] The starting point in carrying out an estimate both for cooling and heating depends on the exterior climate and interior specified conditions. However before taking up the heat load calculation, it is necessary to find fresh air requirements for each area in detail, as pressurization is an important consideration. In modern buildings the design, installation, and control systems of these functions are integrated into one or more HVAC systems. Heating[edit] Central heating unit
