Shango Shango statuette This depiction of Shango on horseback has been attributed to the workshop of the renowned Yoruba carver Toibo, of the town of Erin. It was probably carved in the 1920s or 1930s for the timi (king) of Ede (one of the historic Yoruba kingdoms), who kept it in a shrine dedicated to the orisha (god) Shango. Equestrian figures are potent symbols of power in many parts of Africa where ownership of horses was long restricted to warriors and political leaders. In Yoruba mythology, Shango was both a king and the orisha associated with thunder and lightning. Figure of a Devotee of Shango Holding an Oshe Shango, Brooklyn Museum In the Yorùbá religion, Ṣàngó (also spelled, Sango, Shango, often known as Xangô or Changó in Latin America and the Caribbean, and also known as Jakuta[1]) (from '=shan, 'to strike') is perhaps one of the most popular Orisha; also known as the god of fire, lightning and thunder. Historical Sango[edit] Veneration of Shango[edit] In the Americas[edit]
Akkadian Empire Coordinates: During the 3rd millennium BC, there developed a very intimate cultural symbiosis between the Sumerians and the Semitic Akkadians, which included widespread bilingualism.[5] Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as a spoken language somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennia BC (the exact dating being a matter of debate).[6] The Akkadian Empire reached its political peak between the 24th and 22nd centuries BC, following the conquests by its founder Sargon of Akkad (2334–2279 BC). After the fall of the Akkadian Empire, the Akkadian people of Mesopotamia eventually coalesced into two major Akkadian speaking nations: Assyria in the north, and, a few centuries later, Babylonia in the south. City-state of Akkad[edit] History[edit] Origins[edit] Sargon and his sons[edit] Bronze head of an Akkadian, probably an image of Manishtusu or Naram-Sin; descendants of Sargon (National Museum of Iraq) "My mother was a changeling, my father I knew not. Kings of the Akkad Dynasty
Set (mythology) Set /sɛt/ or Seth (/sɛθ/; also spelled Setesh, Sutekh,[1] Setekh, or Suty) is a god of the desert, storms, disorder, violence and foreigners in ancient Egyptian religion.[2] In Ancient Greek, the god's name is given as Sēth (Σήθ). Set is not, however, a god to be ignored or avoided; he has a positive role where he is employed by Ra on his solar boat to repel the serpent of Chaos Apep.[2] Set had a vital role as a reconciled combatant.[2] He was lord of the red (desert) land where he was the balance to Horus' role as lord of the black (soil) land.[2] In Egyptian mythology, Set is portrayed as the usurper who killed and mutilated his own brother Osiris. Family Set's siblings are Osiris, Isis, and Nephthys. Origin The meaning of the name Seth is unknown, thought to have been originally pronounced *Sūtaḫ based on the occurrence of his name in Egyptian hieroglyphs (swtḫ), and his later mention in the Coptic documents with the name Sēt.[4] Set animal Conflict between Horus and Set Protector of Ra
SUMERIAN AND AKKADIAN DEITIES Abbau: “Father of Bau,” God of Lagash. Abubu, Abuba (Akkad.): Cloud Burst, an ally of Marduk in his battle against Tiamat. Abzu: “Abode of Wisdom,” “Abyss,” the personified Watery Deep (Akkadian Apsu) Viz. Tamtu. Adad, Addu (Akkad.): the Storm God. Agaku: Wrath-Love, Perfect Crown, Charm, a punning title of Marduk. Agilma: Creation-Waves, a title of Marduk. Alluhappu: “Hunting Net,” an underworld Demon. Alu: Diabolical One, a demon. Ama-ushamgal-anna: “Mother Dragon of Heaven” or “Power in the Date Palm,” a title of Dumuzi. An: “Sky” or “High One,” the Sky God, Father of the Pantheon (Akkadian Anu). Anshar: the primordial Horizon (male). Anuna: “Skirmish,” an alias of Inanna. Anunnaki, Anunna: the Gods of the Lower Regions, the defeated rebel gods who built Marduk’s Babylon. Anunitum: “She of the Skirmish,” an alias of Inanna. Aranunna (Akkad.): “Counsellor,” a title of Marduk. Arazu (Akkad.): Construction God. Aruru: Creator Goddess, mother of the hero Gilgamesh. Asag: an underworld demon.
Tonatiuh In Aztec mythology, Tonatiuh (Nahuatl: Ōllin Tōnatiuh [oːlːin toːˈnatiʍ] "Movement of the Sun") was the sun god.[1] The Aztec people considered him the leader of Tollan, heaven. He was also known as the fifth sun, because the Aztecs believed that he was the sun that took over when the fourth sun was expelled from the sky. Description[edit] Aztec theology held that each sun was a god with its own cosmic era, the Aztecs believed they were still in Tonatiuh's era. According to the Aztec creation myth, the god demanded human sacrifice as tribute and without it would refuse to move through the sky. In the Aztec calendar, Tonatiuh is the lord of the thirteen days from 1 Death to 13 Flint. See also[edit] Aztec sun stone References[edit] External links[edit] Windows to The Universe page on Tonatiuh
Akkadian cuneiform script and Akkadian language Akkadian was a semitic language spoken in Mesopotamia (modern Iraq and Syria) between about 2,800 BC and 500 AD. It was named after the city of Akkad and first appeared in Sumerian texts dating from 2,800 BC in the form of Akkadian names. The Akkadian cuneiform script was adapted from Sumerian cuneiform in about 2,350 BC. At the same time, many Sumerian words were borrowed into Akkadian, and Sumerian logograms were given both Sumerian and Akkadian readings. A large corpus of Akkadian texts and text fragments numbering hundreds of thousands has been excavated. Akkadian became the lingua franca of the ancient Near East, but started to be replaced by Aramaic by the 8th century BC. Notable features Type of writing system: semanto-phonetic - the symbols consist of phonograms, representing spoken syllables, determinatives, which indicate the category a word belonged to and logograms, which represent whole words. Some Akkadian Cuneiform glyphs Sample text Links Semitic languages Cuneiform scripts
Indra Origins[edit] Aspects of Indra as a deity are cognate to other Indo-European gods; they are either thunder gods such as Thor, Perun, and Zeus, or gods of intoxicating drinks such as Dionysus. The name of Indra (Indara) is also mentioned among the gods of the Mitanni, a Hurrian-speaking people who ruled northern Syria from ca.1500BC-1300BC.[5] Vedic Indra corresponds to Verethragna of the Zoroastrian Avesta as the noun verethragna- corresponds to Vedic vrtrahan-, which is predominantly an epithet of Indra. In the Rigveda[edit] The Rigveda states, He under whose supreme control are horses, all chariots, the villages, and cattle; He who gave being to the Sun and Morning, who leads the waters, He, O men, is Indra. (2.12.7, trans. It further states, Indra, you lifted up the pariah who was oppressed, you glorified the blind and the lame. The Rig-Veda frequently refers to him as Śakra: the mighty-one. Status and function[edit] Characteristics[edit] Appearance[edit] Other characteristics[edit]
Jupiter (mythology) The consuls swore their oath of office in Jupiter's name, and honoured him on the annual feriae of the Capitol in September. To thank him for his help (and to secure his continued support), they offered him a white ox (bos mas) with gilded horns.[10] A similar offering was made by triumphal generals, who surrendered the tokens of their victory at the feet of Jupiter's statue in the Capitol. Some scholars have viewed the triumphator as embodying (or impersonating) Jupiter in the triumphal procession.[11] During the Conflict of the Orders, Rome's plebeians demanded the right to hold political and religious office. The augures publici, augurs were a college of sacerdotes who were in charge of all inaugurations and of the performing of ceremonies known as auguria. The role of Jupiter in the conflict of the orders is a reflection of the religiosity of the Romans. The first secession was caused by the excessive burden of debts that weighed on the plebs.