Problem of Hell The "problem of Hell" is an ethical problem related to some religions in which portrayals of Hell as a place where immortal souls are conscious are ostensibly cruel, and are thus inconsistent with the concepts of a just, moral and omnibenevolent God.[1] The problem of Hell revolves around four key points: Hell exists in the first place, some people go there, there is no escape, and it is punishment for actions or inactions done on Earth.[2] The belief that non-believers of a particular religion, or "the wicked" among believers, face damnation or destruction is called special salvation. The belief that all are saved regardless of belief, or regardless of "goodness" or "wickedness", is referred to as universal reconciliation. Issues[edit] There are several major issues to the problem of Hell. The first is whether the existence of Hell is compatible with justice. Judaism[edit] Christianity[edit] I also maintain that those who are punished in Gehenna, are scourged by the scourge of love.
America Can Be Free Seminar Support Sustainable living Lester R. Brown, a prominent environmentalist and founder of the Worldwatch Institute and Earth Policy Institute, describes sustainable living in the twenty-first century as "shifting to a renewable energy-based, reuse/recycle economy with a diversified transport system."[4] In addition to this philosophy, practical eco-village builders like Living Villages maintain that the shift to renewable technologies will only be successful if the resultant built environment is attractive to a local culture and can be maintained and adapted as necessary over the generations. Definition[edit] The three pillars of sustainability.[5] Circles of Sustainability image (assessment - Melbourne 2011) Sustainable living is fundamentally the application of sustainability to lifestyle choice and decisions. Sustainable design and sustainable development are critical factors to sustainable living. History[edit] Shelter[edit] An example of ecological housing some sustainable building materials[edit] Power[edit]
Agnosticism Agnostosticism is the belief that claims concerning God and certain accompanying religious or metaphysical beliefs cannot be proven either way. The truth is not known so it cannot be argued. In the words of Jorge Luis Borges, a famous Argentinian writer and poet: Many Atheists discover that the proper for their beliefs would actually be Agnostic, while some Agnostics occasionally refer to themselves as Atheists, just to 'keep it simple'. However, as in his essay ' Am I An Atheist Or An Agnostic? Read " Am I An Atheist Or An Agnostic? The History of Agnosticism Even though the term is somewhat modern, coined by Thomas Henry Huxley who first mentioned it in his speech given in 1876, is ancient! An excerpt from an ancient sacred text of Hinduism called Rigveda (~1700-1100 BCE) , or more specifically the Nasadiya Sukta, a creation hymn, says: " {*style:<i><b>Who really knows? Whence is this creation? Who then knows whence it has arisen?
Metempsychosis Transmigration of the soul European antiquity[edit] It is unclear how the doctrine of metempsychosis arose in Greece. Orphism[edit] Pre-Socratic philosophy[edit] The earliest Greek thinker with whom metempsychosis is connected is Pherecydes of Syros,[8] but Pythagoras, who is said to have been his pupil, is its first famous philosophic exponent. Platonic philosophy[edit] In later Greek literature, the doctrine appears from time to time; it is mentioned in a fragment of Menander (the Inspired Woman) and satirized by Lucian (Gallus 18 seq.). Middle Ages[edit] Metempsychosis was a part of Catharism in Occitania in the 12th century.[12] Renaissance[edit] Created in the early 15th century, the Rosicrucianist movement also conveyed an occult doctrine of metempsychosis.[13] In literature after the classical era[edit] Metempsychosis is referred to prominently in the concluding paragraph of Chapter 98, "Stowing Down and Clearing Up", of Herman Melville's Moby-Dick. See also[edit] References[edit]
Deus otiosus Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera. Il deus otiosus (dal latino "dio ozioso") è l'essere creatore che dà vita al mondo, all'umanità e a tutte le istituzioni più importanti all'interno di una religione, ma che in seguito non si rende più partecipe della vita del suo operato: una divinità che si chiude nella sua perfezione. Nel deismo illuminista la religione razionale ha recuperato questo concetto d'un Creatore dell'Universo che non interviene e non interferisce più con la sua opera. Il monoteismo ebraico, cristiano e islamico si fondano sulla figura di un Dio creatore del mondo che se ne prende cura. Il deus otiosus non va confuso né col deus absconditus della teologia negativa e della teologia dialettica di Karl Barth, né col deus ignotus (δεὸς ἄγνωστος) a cui fa riferimento san Paolo in Atti 17, 22-23[1]: «Allora Paolo, alzatosi in mezzo all'Areòpago, disse: "Cittadini ateniesi, vedo che in tutto siete molto timorati degli dèi.
Spiritual Science Research Foundation Energy medicine Early reviews of the scientific literature on energy healing were equivocal and recommended further research,[9][10] but more recent reviews have concluded that there is no evidence supporting clinical efficacy.[11][12][13][14][15][16] The theoretical basis of healing has been criticised,[17][18][19][20] research and reviews supportive of energy medicine have been criticised for containing methodological flaws[21][22][23] and selection bias[21][22] and positive therapeutic results have been dismissed as the result of known psychological mechanisms.[21][22] Edzard Ernst, lately Professor of Complementary and Alternative Medicine at the University of Exeter, has warned that "healing continues to be promoted despite the absence of biological plausibility or convincing clinical evidence ... that these methods work therapeutically and plenty to demonstrate that they do not. History[edit] Classification[edit] Polarity therapy[edit] Beliefs[edit] There are various schools of energy healing.
Deism & Pandeism Deism is the belief that a supreme power created the universe and that this, and other truths, can be determined using reason and by observing the natural world. For deists there is no need for faith, nor organized religion in order to come to these conclusions. Most deists don't see holy books and divine revelation as an authoritative source, but rather as interpretations by other humans. In the words of Thomas Paine, an author, inventor and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States: "The true Deist has but one Deity, and his religion consists in contemplating the power, wisdom, and benignity of the Deity in his works, and in endeavoring to imitate him in everything moral, scientifical, and mechanical." There are various verbal evasions deists use when referring to 'God'. Pandeism is a pantheistic form of deism, or a belief which is a mixture of pantheism and deism. Some pandeists refer to God as the Deus in order to differentiate their ideas from those of theists.
Pythagoras | Philosimply | Philosophy Made Easy Pythagoras was an ancient Greek philosopher born in Samos (an island near Miletus, the famed “birthplace of Greek philosophy”) in 570 BC. He was famous throughout Greece as the leader of a religious community (the Pythagoreans), for his belief that the soul is immortal and in the possibility of reincarnation, as well as for maintaining that numbers are the fundamental principle of the world. He was a charismatic figure who combined mathematics, mysticism, science and religion together to create a way of life with a devoted following. Today, he is best known for his theory about the hypotenuse of a triangle ( a2 + b2 = c2), what is known as the Pythagorean theorem. In Samos, Pythagoras studied the astronomy of Anaximander as well as the geometry of Thales, until leaving at the age of 40 when the tyrant Polycrates came to power. Pythagoras’s belief in the immortality of the soul and the possibility of reincarnation was a huge break from tradition.
Monismo (religione) Il monismo dal punto di vista della religione esprime la convinzione che tutto derivi da un unico principio che manifesta un'unica natura. L'origine e la natura di ogni cosa coincide con questo principio il cui aspetto unitario si riverbera nell'unitarietà indivisibile della materia e dello spirito. Questa forma di monismo si associa al panteismo quando il principio s'identifica con Dio, come avviene nelle religioni monoteiste. Per alcuni, il monismo può avere implicazioni spirituali; infatti, coloro che criticano il "pericolo monismo" affermano che nel tentativo di definire tutte le cose come un'unica sostanza, si rischia persino di dissolvere Dio nel processo. Nella Teologia cristiana il monismo fu oggetto di discussioni, per esempio nella dottrina cattolica della "divina semplicità", così come in altre religioni come l'Indù e il giudaismo in particolare. Storicamente e in diverse occasioni il monismo è stato promosso in particolar luogo da Ernst Haeckel in termini spirituali.
Personality Assessment Inventory Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), authored by Leslie Morey, PhD, is a multi-scale test of psychological functioning that assesses constructs relevant to personality and psychopathology evaluation (e.g., depression, anxiety, aggression) in various contexts including psychotherapy, crisis/evaluation, forensic, personnel selection, pain/medical, and child custody assessment. The PAI has 22 non-overlapping scales, providing a comprehensive overview of psychopathology in adults. Development[edit] The rationale behind the development of the PAI was to create an assessment tool that would enable the measurement of psychological concepts while maintaining statistical strength. Strengths[edit] The PAI is often used in forensics and corrections, where moderate support for its validity has been noted.[2] The PAI has a number of strengths for applied psychological assessment. Limitations[edit] The PAI is a self-report instrument. See also[edit] References[edit]
Age of Aquarius Overview[edit] The approximate 2,150 years for each age corresponds to the average time it takes for the vernal equinox to move from one constellation of the zodiac into the next. This can be computed by dividing the earth's 25,800 year gyroscopic precession period by twelve, the number of Zodiac constellations used by astrologers. According to different astrologers' calculations, approximated dates for entering the Age of Aquarius range from 1447 AD (Terry MacKinnell) to 3597 (John Addey).[2] Astrologers do not agree on when the Aquarian age will start or even if it has already started.[3] Nicholas Campion in The Book of World Horoscopes lists various references from mainly astrological sources for the start of the Age of Aquarius. Astrological ages exist as a result of precession of the equinoxes. Astrological meaning[edit] Astrologers believe that an astrological age affects mankind, possibly by influencing the rise and fall of civilisations or cultural tendencies. David Williams[edit]