Collaborative learning for robots (Credit: 20th Century Fox) Researchers from MIT’s Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems have developed an algorithm in which distributed agents — such as robots exploring a building — collect data and analyze it independently. Pairs of agents, such as robots passing each other in the hall, then exchange analyses. In experiments involving several different data sets, the researchers’ distributed algorithm actually outperformed a standard algorithm that works on data aggregated at a single location, as described in an arXiv paper. Machine learning, in which computers learn new skills by looking for patterns in training data, is the basis of most recent advances in artificial intelligence, from voice-recognition systems to self-parking cars. That type of model-building gets complicated, however, in cases in which clusters of robots work as teams. The robots may have gathered information that, collectively, would produce a good model but which, individually, is almost useless.
Albert Einstein German-born physicist (1879–1955) Albert Einstein ( EYEN-styne;[5] German: [ˈalbɛɐt ˈʔaɪnʃtaɪn] ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely held as one of the most influential scientists. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics.[1][6] His mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which arises from special relativity, has been called "the world's most famous equation".[7] He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect",[8] a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory. Born in the German Empire, Einstein moved to Switzerland in 1895, forsaking his German citizenship (as a subject of the Kingdom of Württemberg)[note 1] the following year. Life and career Childhood, youth and education Albert attended St. Marriages, relationships and children Refugee status Death
Artificial Superintelligence: A Futuristic Approach Artificial Superintelligence: A Futuristic Approach, by Roman V. Yampolskiy Indiegogo fundraiser for Roman V. Many philosophers, futurologists and artificial intelligence researchers have conjectured that in the next 20 to 200 years a machine capable of at least human level performance on all tasks will be developed. Since such a machine would among other things be capable of designing the next generation of even smarter intelligent machines, it is generally assumed that an intelligence explosion will take place shortly after such a technological self-improvement cycle begins. While specific predictions regarding the consequences of such an intelligence singularity are varied from potential economic hardship to the complete extinction of the humankind, many of the involved researchers agree that the issue is of utmost importance and needs to be seriously addressed. Writing Sample: Leakproofing Singularity What others said about: Leakproofing Singularity David J. “This is great! Appendix Dr.
Einstein's Philosophy of Science 1. Introduction: Was Einstein an Epistemological “Opportunist”? Late in 1944, Albert Einstein received a letter from Robert Thornton, a young African-American philosopher of science who had just finished his Ph.D. under Herbert Feigl at Minnesota and was beginning a new job teaching physics at the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez. I fully agree with you about the significance and educational value of methodology as well as history and philosophy of science. That Einstein meant what he said about the relevance of philosophy to physics is evidenced by the fact that he had been saying more or less the same thing for decades. How does it happen that a properly endowed natural scientist comes to concern himself with epistemology? How, exactly, does the philosophical habit of mind provide the physicist with such “independence of judgment”? The place of philosophy in physics was a theme to which Einstein returned time and again, it being clearly an issue of deep importance to him. 2. 3. 4.
How Artificial Superintelligence Will Give Birth To Itself Kinja is in read-only mode. We are working to restore service. "So if you create an AI that has a terminal value of friendliness to humanity, the AI would not want to change itself in a way that caused it to be unfriendly to humanity," he says. "This way as the AI got smarter, it would use its enhanced intelligence to increase the odds that it did not change itself in a manner that harms us." "From there, the AGI would be interested in pursuing whatever goals it was programmed with — such as research, exploration, or finance." I think this is a mistake. There are also a lot of things that we know we are inclined to do instinctively (i.e. we do essentially have some programmed "terminal values") but that doesn't stop some people from breaking from those instincts – see for example suicide, killing our own families, etc, which are examples of people going against their survival instincts. Flagged Keep in mind that we're not talking about a human-like mind with paleolithic tendencies.
Atomic mass Rest mass of an atom in its ground state The formula used for conversion is:[3][4] where is the molar mass constant, is the Avogadro constant,[5] and is the experimentally determined molar mass of carbon-12.[6] The relative isotopic mass (see section below) can be obtained by dividing the atomic mass ma of an isotope by the atomic mass constant mu yielding a dimensionless value. The atomic mass of an isotope and the relative isotopic mass refers to a certain specific isotope of an element. The atomic mass of atoms, ions, or atomic nuclei is slightly less than the sum of the masses of their constituent protons, neutrons, and electrons, due to binding energy mass loss (per E = mc2). Relative isotopic mass[edit] Relative isotopic mass (a property of a single atom) is not to be confused with the averaged quantity atomic weight (see above), that is an average of values for many atoms in a given sample of a chemical element. Similar terms for different quantities[edit] Mass defect[edit] History[edit]
What will happen when the internet of things becomes artificially intelligent? | Technology When Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates and Elon Musk all agree on something, it’s worth paying attention. All three have warned of the potential dangers that artificial intelligence or AI can bring. The world’s foremost physicist, Hawking said that the full development of artificial intelligence (AI) could “spell the end of the human race”. Musk, the tech entrepreneur who brought us PayPal, Tesla and SpaceX described artificial intelligence as our “biggest existential threat” and said that playing around with AI was like “summoning the demon”. Gates, who knows a thing or two about tech, puts himself in the “concerned” camp when it comes to machines becoming too intelligent for us humans to control. What are these wise souls afraid of? An important component of AI, and a key element in the fears it engenders, is the ability of machines to take action on their own without human intervention. So what happens when these millions of embedded devices connect to artificially intelligent machines?
The AI Revolution: Road to Superintelligence - Wait But Why PDF: We made a fancy PDF of this post for printing and offline viewing. Buy it here. (Or see a preview.) Note: The reason this post took three weeks to finish is that as I dug into research on Artificial Intelligence, I could not believe what I was reading. We are on the edge of change comparable to the rise of human life on Earth. — Vernor Vinge What does it feel like to stand here? It seems like a pretty intense place to be standing—but then you have to remember something about what it’s like to stand on a time graph: you can’t see what’s to your right. Which probably feels pretty normal… The Far Future—Coming Soon Imagine taking a time machine back to 1750—a time when the world was in a permanent power outage, long-distance communication meant either yelling loudly or firing a cannon in the air, and all transportation ran on hay. This experience for him wouldn’t be surprising or shocking or even mind-blowing—those words aren’t big enough. This works on smaller scales too. 1. What Is AI?