MinIature to Massive: 3D microscopy in your hands - Home. Kombucha. Preparación casera de la kombucha. En la superficie del líquido se puede ver la «madre». Un vaso de kombucha con agregado de hielo. Estos hongos y bacterias convierten el azúcar (sacarosa) en glucosa y fructosa y después en alcohol etílico (potable), gas carbónico (CO2) y ácido acético, todos viven en una simbiosis de mutuo beneficio, formando en la superficie del líquido un cuerpo de aspecto gelatinoso parecido a una medusa. Si el hongo recibe alimentación continuamente, este proceso no tiene fin, por eso la kombucha es llamada «el hongo de la inmortalidad».
Origen del nombre[editar] Japón[editar] El nombre «kombucha» es posiblemente japonés, ya que konbu (昆布) significa ‘alga’, y la terminación cha (茶) significa ‘té’, o sea ‘té de alga’, por su parecido a un alga.[2] En Japón mismo el nombre konbu cha (昆布茶) es el nombre de una sopa de alga kombu (laminaria) y no está relacionado con el hongo kombucha conocido en Occidente. Rusia[editar] Origen de la kombucha[editar] China[editar] Rusia[editar] A1010081847262467. Medical Museion | Studiolab. A web exhibition along with videos, photos, press coverage, and hack recipes, is now live! Click to explore the online version of the exhibition 'Biohacking: Do It Yourself! ' From kitchen sink to museum: Doing and debating DIY synthetic biology A key principle of Studiolab is to experiment with merging the artist’s studio and research laboratory. This potentially enriches both practices, whilst also engaging public audiences in scientific creativity in innovative ways.
In our project, we view the idea of studio + laboratory through the dual prism of museum + open biology. Both the museum and the open biology space occupy the territory between the studio and laboratory thus promising an even closer engagement and both place public accessibility center stage. In an exhibition room Medical Museion will install an open biology lab – a space that allows participation and developing of experiments and which has potential for democratizing biological science. Contact at Medical Museion: Science Magazine: Sign In. Witch's broom. For a broom associated with witches, see Besom. Witch's broom on a white pine. Witch-broom disease caused by phytoplasmas is economically important in a number of crop plants, including the cocoa tree Theobroma cacao,[1] jujube (Ziziphus jujuba)[2] and the timber tree Melia azedarach.[3] Causes[edit] Witch's broom can be caused by cytokinin, a phytohormone, interfering with an auxin-regulated bud.
In normal plant function, an auxin would keep the secondary, tertiary, and so on apices from overgrowing, but cytokinin can sometimes interfere with this control, causing these apices to grow into witch's brooms. Witch's broom may be caused by many different types of organisms, including fungi, oomycetes, insects, mistletoe, dwarf mistletoes, mites, nematodes, phytoplasmas, or viruses.[4] The broom growths may last for many years, typically for the life of the host plant. Uses[edit] Witches' brooms occasionally result in desirable changes. Witches' brooms are of wide ecological importance. Biosolutions for industrial efficiency | Novozymes. We use cookies to improve user-friendliness, and for marketing and statistical purposes.
By visiting our website, you consent to our use of cookies, including third party cookies. Click for more information (also available in other languages). Biosolutions – Giving you industrial efficiency and product improvements with cost savings Novozymes’ biosolutions increase industrial efficiency across the world and provide cost savings for our customers. Our industrial enzymes, microorganisms, biopolymers and other proteins allow you to achieve more efficient use of your raw materials, reduce your energy consumption, replace traditional chemicals with more sustainable alternatives, and offer higher-quality products to your customers.
Could biosolutions be the key? We already offer biosolutions within a wide range of industries. Biosolutions for industrial efficiency Giving you a competitive edge | Copyright © 2015 Novozymes. Downloads Sustainability Benefits News & Investor Solutions About us Innovation. Azúcar. Se denomina azúcar, en el uso más extendido de la palabra, a la sacarosa, cuya fórmula química es C12H22O11, también llamada «azúcar común» o «azúcar de mesa». La sacarosa es un disacárido formado por una molécula de glucosa y una de fructosa, que se obtiene principalmente de la caña de azúcar o de la remolacha. El 27 % de la producción total mundial se realiza a partir de la remolacha y el 73 % a partir de la caña de azúcar.[1] La sacarosa se encuentra en todas las plantas, y en cantidades apreciables en otras plantas distintas de la caña de azúcar o la remolacha, como el sorgo y el arce azucarero.[1] En ámbitos industriales se usa la palabra azúcar o azúcares para designar los diferentes monosacáridos y disacáridos, que generalmente tienen sabor dulce, aunque por extensión se refiere a todos los hidratos de carbono.
Historia[editar] Edad Antigua y Edad Media[editar] Las conquistas de Alejandro Magno se detuvieron a orillas del río Indo por la negativa de sus tropas para ir más al este. Biological detergent. A biological detergent is a laundry detergent that contains enzymes harvested from micro-organisms such as bacteria adapted to live in hot springs.[1] The description is commonly used in the United Kingdom, where other washing detergents are described as "non-biological" (or bio and "non-bio").
Most manufacturers of biological detergents also produce non-biological ones. Function[edit] Biological detergents clean in the same way as non-biological ones with additional effects from the enzymes, whose purpose is to break down protein, starches and fat in dirt and stains on clothing to be laundered, for example food stains, sweat and mud. Tests by the Consumers' Association in the UK published in their Which? Magazine rated the cleaning performance of washing powders based on stain removal, whiteness, and colour fading.
It was found that the performance of various makes of biological powders ranged from 58% to 81%, and non-biological powders scored from 41% to 70%. Controversy[edit] Enzymes in washing powders | Biotech Learning Hub. What are enzymes? Enzymes are biological molecules that catalyse (speed up) chemical reactions. Enzymes are specific—they will only work on particular molecules. For example, the enzyme sucrase will only bind with and break bonds in sucrose, not any other type of sugar. Another characteristic of enzymes is that they can be re-used over and over again. A single enzyme will typically catalyse around 10,000 chemical reactions per second. This means that only a tiny amount of enzyme is needed to have a huge effect on a reaction. The rate of enzyme activity depends on the amount of enzyme present, and also the temperature and pH of the reaction solution.
Enzymes in washing powders People have been experimenting with ways to use the power of enzymes to clean clothing for a long time; in fact, the first patent was in 1913. Because stains are made of different types of molecules, a range of enzymes are needed to break them down. Experiments to test the functionality of enzymes Sources of enzymes. Phytoplasma. Phytoplasmas are pathogens of agriculturally important plants, including coconut, sugarcane, and sandalwood, causing a wide variety of symptoms that range from mild yellowing to death of infected plants. They are most prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. They require a vector to be transmitted from plant to plant, and this normally takes the form of sap-sucking insects such as leaf hoppers, in which they are also able to survive and replicate.
History[edit] Morphology[edit] Being Mollicutes, a phytoplasma lacks a cell wall and instead is bound by a triple-layered membrane.[4] The cell membranes of all phytoplasmas studied so far usually contain a single immunodominant protein (of unknown function) that makes up the majority of the protein content of the cell membrane.[5] The typical phytoplasma exhibits a pleiomorphic or filamentous shape and is less than 1 μm in diameter. Symptoms[edit] Effector (virulence) proteins[edit] Transmission[edit] Control[edit] Genetics[edit] Phytoplasma.