The Five Stages of Sleep: Characteristics of non-REM & REM. Sleep Step 1 | Step 2 | Step 3 | Step 4 | Step 5 | Step 6 Written by Kevin Morton with adaptations from the Stanford Sleep Book While sleep in the perspective of those experiencing it may seem more or less the same throughout the night, this couldn't be further from the truth. Sleep is not one homogeneous state, but rather a progression through various states with extremely unique characteristics. In total, there are five stages of sleep that can be readily distinguished from each other. In other words, sleep is not just sleep! Life in slumber is a bit more nuanced than that, so let's take out the fine-toothed comb and examine it a little closer.
Table of Contents for the Stages of Sleep The Two Main Types Of Sleep Sleep can be divided into two entirely different behavioral states: REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, and non-REM sleep. A typical night's sleep consists of 75% non-REM sleep and 25% REM sleep. REM Sleep Cool Stuff! Awareness During SP Non-REM Sleep Stage 1 . Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 In Summary. LUCID DREAMING. LUCID DREAMING. The Five Stages of Sleep: Characteristics of non-REM & REM. Everyday Jet Lag - The New York Times. Photo This article appeared in the October 20, 2013 issue of The New York Times Magazine. If you consider yourself to be a born morning person or an inveterate night owl, there is new research that supports your desire to wake up early or stay up late. Each of us has a personal “chronotype,” or unique circadian rhythm, says Till Roenneberg, a professor of chronobiology at Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich and one of the world’s experts on sleep.
In broad strokes, these chronotypes are usually characterized as early, intermediate or late, corresponding to people who voluntarily go to bed and wake early, at a moderate hour or vampirishly late. If you are forced to wake up earlier than your body naturally would, you suffer from what Roenneberg calls “social jet lag.” People with an early chronotype may do well with a 7 a.m. workday rising time, but others do not. Their chronotype may also have contributed to weight gain in the first place, Roenneberg says. Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome - What It Is And How To Treat It. Written by Josh Stone with contributions from Kevin Morton, Spring 2010 It is a quiet Sunday night on Anyold University's campus, and Julian is just finishing up the last of his schoolwork for Monday. Knowing that he has a 9:00 am class the next day, he decides he is going to get in bed at 11:30. However, although Julian crawls into bed right on schedule, he finds that he is still completely alert and awake, and lies in bed all the way until 3:00 am before he ever actually falls asleep.
The next morning, Julian awakes to his alarm at 7:30 having gotten less then five hours of sleep the night before. Julian is stuck in the middle of a very common and often harmful pattern in his circadian rhythm, a pattern known in the sleep circle as Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (DSPS). It's important to note before moving forward that this article and the anecdotes within are targeted towards delayed sleep phases in students and adolescents. Read more about the effects of sleep deprivation. Dr. Dr. Dr. Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome - By Dr. William Dement. Updated February 26, 1999 Please see our updated article about delayed sleep phase syndrome on the new Stanford Sleep and Dreams website. What is Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (DSPS)? It is a disorder in which the major sleep episode is delayed by 2 or more hours of the desired bedtime. This causes difficulty awakening at the desired time.
What are the symptoms? Complaint of insomnia or excessive sleepiness inability to fall asleep at the desired time inability to wake up at the desired time Depression may be present This sleep pattern has been present for 3 months Associated features: The DSPS patients are usuall perplexed that they cannot find a way to fall asleep more quickly.
They often describe sleeping pills in normal doses as having little or no effect in helping them fall asleep. DSPS patients typically are "owls" or "night people" and say they feel and function best and are more alert during the late evening and night hours. At what age does DSPS begin to show up? Adolescents and DSPS. Everything you ever wanted to know about SLEEP | ADD . . . and-so-much-more. Tuesday, November 5, 2013 Phillip Martin, artist/educator Well, everything I’ve already published on SLEEP here on ADDandSoMuchMore.com, anyway —and that’s quite a lot(all linked below) Whether or not ADD-seasoning (aka brain-based attentional struggle) is any part of your neurodiversity mix, below are links to the published Sleep Series articles with NEED to KNOW INFO (only if you are planning to thrive, of course).
What science has discovered about sleep relatively recently is still under-reported in the mainstream media. Where sleep is concerned, what you don’t know CAN hurt you. My sincere gratitude With special thanks to those who reblogged or emailed one or more of the articles (and appreciation to many of you who commented favorably about this Series), I am now fielding requests for help locating various titles.
So I’ve put a list of links together — the beginnings of a Sleep Category “mini site-map” to make any title in the growing Sleep Series easier to find. Like this: Circadian Rhythm and Human Health. Joan E. Roberts Department of Natural Sciences, Room 813 Fordham University, 113 West 60th Street New York City, NY 10023 jroberts@fordham.edu Introduction All life on earth evolved under both a light and dark cycle (Santillo et al., 2006; Musio and Santillo, 2009). As the sun rises and reaches its peak at noon, the spectrum it emits is smooth throughout the visible spectrum with a high intensity in the blue region [400 - 500 nm].
As the sun sets, blue visible light is preferentially scattered (removed) from sunlight, leaving an emission appearing orange-red [600 - 700 nm]. Humans evolved being exposed to different spectra of light in the morning, the late afternoon and evening. What is Circadian Rhythm? Circadian Rhythm is derived from the Latin words circa dies meaning "approximately a day". Light and Dark and Circadian Rhythm Age-related changes to the human eye may disrupt the circadian response (Roberts, 2001a). Improving "Health and Well being" by Controlling Circadian Disruption 1. JetLagged for Life | ADD . . . and-so-much-more. Please – take time to read the comments. We are NOT alone! (c) Madelyn Griffith-Haynie, CTP, CMC, ACT, MCC, SCACPart 1 of the Sleep Struggles Series – all rights reservedLiving with Jet LagA first person account of an ADDer with an atypical sleep disorder — me.
This Series is excerpted from a book I am writing about disordered sleep architecture. The content in a chapter of the section on some of the lesser known sleep disorders was written from personal experience, hoping to “put a face” on chronorhythm disorders, – disorders of sleep timing. I hope that looking at life and living through the experience of a “coulda’ been a REAL contender” sufferer would describe things better than a list of symptoms and probable causes ever could. ~ mgh As I explained in the introductory article to the sleep disorders content on ADDandSoMuchMore.com (ABOUT ADD & Sleep Struggles), 75% of us here in ADD/EFD-land have sleep struggles, if not diagnostic sleep disorders.I am one of them. JetLagged for Life. 10.22.2007 - Sleep loss linked to psychiatric disorders. UC Berkeley Press Release Sleep loss linked to psychiatric disorders By Yasmin Anwar, Media Relations | 22 October 2007 BERKELEY – It has long been assumed that sleep deprivation can play havoc with our emotions.
This is notably apparent in soldiers in combat zones, medical residents and even new parents. Now there's a neurological basis for this theory, according to new research from the University of California, Berkeley, and Harvard Medical School. In the first neural investigation into what happens to the emotional brain without sleep, results from a brain imaging study suggest that while a good night's rest can regulate your mood and help you cope with the next day's emotional challenges, sleep deprivation does the opposite by excessively boosting the part of the brain most closely connected to depression, anxiety and other psychiatric disorders.
"Emotionally, you're not on a level playing field, "Walker added. Sleep learning is possible: Associations formed when asleep remained intact when awake. Is sleep learning possible? A new Weizmann Institute study appearing August 26 in Nature Neuroscience has found that if certain odors are presented after tones during sleep, people will start sniffing when they hear the tones alone -- even when no odor is present -- both during sleep and, later, when awake. In other words, people can learn new information while they sleep, and this can unconsciously modify their waking behavior. Sleep-learning experiments are notoriously difficult to conduct. For one thing, one must be sure that the subjects are actually asleep and stay that way during the "lessons. " The most rigorous trials of verbal sleep learning have failed to show any new knowledge taking root.
While more and more research has demonstrated the importance of sleep for learning and memory consolidation, none had managed to show actual learning of new information taking place in an adult brain during sleep. Prof. I Don't Dream? Yes You Do. Why We Have Nightmares & Forget Our Dreams. Joe Griffin explains why dreaming and forgetting our dreams, fulfils a vital human need. THE human givens approach is a set of organising ideas that provides a holistic, scientific framework for understanding the way that individuals and society work.
That framework has one central, highly empowering idea at its core — that human beings, like all organic beings, come into this world with a set of needs. If those needs are met appropriately, it is not possible to be mentally ill. I do not believe a more powerful statement than that could ever be made about the human condition. If human beings' needs are met, they won't get depressed; they cannot have psychosis; they cannot have manic depression; they cannot be in the grip of addictions. To get our needs met, nature has gifted us our very own internal guidance programme — this, together with our needs, makes up what we call the human givens. And, on the other side, we have our human resources — the innate guidance system. Random barrage. ISRCTN - ISRCTN58986139: Sleep Matters Trial. Scientific title Sleep improvement and alleviation of dissociative symptoms: a randomised controlled trial of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia.
Acronym Study hypothesis Sleep improvement will alleviate dissociative symptoms. Ethics approval University of Oxford Central University Research Ethics Committee, 27/03/2015, ref: MS-IDREC-C2 2015-006 Study design The study is a parallel-group, randomised controlled trial of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) versus TAU alone. Primary study design Interventional Secondary study design Randomised controlled trial Trial setting Home Trial type Treatment Patient information sheet Not available in web format, please use contact details to request a participant information sheet. Condition We are studying the relation between insomnia symptoms and dissociative symptoms.
Intervention Intervention type Behavioural Phase Drug names Primary outcome measures 1. Secondary outcome measures 1. Hypnagogia. "Waking dream" redirects here. It is not to be confused with daydreaming. Hypnagogia is the experience of the transitional state from wakefulness to sleep: the hypnagogic state of consciousness, during the onset of sleep.
In opposition, hypnopompia denotes the onset of wakefulness. The related words from the Greek are agōgos "leading", "inducing", pompe "act of sending", and hypnos "sleep". Mental phenomena that occur during this "threshold consciousness" phase include lucid dreaming, hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Definitions and synonyms[edit] Other terms for hypnagogia, in one or both senses, that have been proposed include "presomnal" or "anthypnic sensations", "visions of half-sleep", "oneirogogic images" and "phantasmata",[2] "the borderland of sleep", "praedormitium",[3] "borderland state", "half-dream state", "pre-dream condition",[4] "sleep onset dreams",[5] "dreamlets",[6] and "wakefulness-sleep transition" (WST).[7] History[edit] Sensory phenomena[edit] Sights[edit]
Dreamland: Adventures in the Strange Science of Sleep - David K. Randall. Delayed sleep phase disorder. Delayed sleep-phase disorder (DSPD), also known as delayed sleep-phase syndrome (DSPS) or delayed sleep-phase type (DSPT), is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder affecting the timing of sleep, peak period of alertness, the core body temperature rhythm, hormonal and other daily rhythms, compared to the general population and relative to societal requirements. People with DSPD generally fall asleep some hours after midnight and have difficulty waking up in the morning.[1] They probably have a circadian period a good deal longer than 24 hours.[2] Affected people often report that while they do not get to sleep until the early morning, they do fall asleep around the same time every day.
Unless they have another sleep disorder such as sleep apnea in addition to DSPD, patients can sleep well and have a normal need for sleep. However, they find it very difficult to wake up in time for a typical school or work day. DSPD was first formally described in 1981 by Elliot D. Definition[edit] Notes[edit] Circadian Sleep Disorders Network. Rare-diseases — National Organization for Rare Disorders. Print NORD is very grateful to James S.P. Fadden, MA, Vice-President, Circadian Sleep Disorders Network, and Katherine Sharkey, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry and Human Behavior, for assistance in the preparation of this report.
Synonyms of Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Disorder circadian rhythm sleep disorder, free-running type free-running disorder hypernychthemeral syndrome N24 non-24 non-24-hour disorder non-24-hour sleep-wake cycle disorder non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome Disorder Subdivisions No subdivisions found. General Discussion Non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder (N24) is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder in which an individual's biological clock fails to synchronize to a 24-hour day. N24 occurs in roughly 50% of completely blind people but also occurs in an unknown number of sighted people. Symptoms Causes The individual cellular clocks run on a cycle that is close to 24 hours. Sleep: Physiology, Investigations, and Medicine.