A Beginner's Guide to Logical Fallacy. Guide pratique des biais cognitifs. 10 Commandments of Logic. Climate Graphics by Skeptical Science. Uploads by SkepticalScience. 20 fallacie logiche da conoscere per vincere un dibattito linguistico. Logical Fallacies: The Fallacy Files. Common fallacies. Fallacy List. 1.
FAULTY CAUSE: (post hoc ergo propter hoc) mistakes correlation or association for causation, by assuming that because one thing follows another it was caused by the other. example: A black cat crossed Babbs' path yesterday and, sure enough, she was involved in an automobile accident later that same afternoon. example: The introduction of sex education courses at the high school level has resulted in increased promiscuity among teens. A recent study revealed that the number of reported cases of STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) was significantly higher for high schools that offered courses in sex education than for high schools that did not. 2. Taxonomy of the Logical Fallacies.
Perfect solution fallacy. By Tim Harding “The perfect is the enemy of the good.” — Voltaire “Nobody made a greater mistake than he who did nothing because he could do only a little.” – Edmund Burke The Perfect Solution Fallacy (also known as the ‘Nirvana Fallacy‘) is a false dichotomy that occurs when an argument assumes that a perfect solution to a problem exists and/or that a proposed solution should be rejected because some part of the problem would still exist after it were implemented.
In other words, that a course of action should be rejected because it is not perfect, even though it is the best option available. This fallacy is an example of black and white thinking, in which a person fails to see the complex interplay between multiple component elements of a situation or problem, and as a result, reduces complex problems to a pair of binary extremes. Petit guide exhaustif des biais cognitifs – Buster Benson. J’ai passé de nombreuses années à consulter la liste Wikipedia des biais cognitifs chaque fois que j’ai eu le pressentiment qu’une forme de pensée était un biais cognitif « officiel » mais que je ne m’en rappellais pas en détail.
Cela a toujours été une référence inestimable pour m’aider à identifier les failles cachées de mon propre raisonnement. 25 biais cognitifs qui nuisent à la pensée rationnelle. Les biais cognitifs sont des formes de pensée qui dévient de la pensée logique ou rationnelle et qui ont tendance à être systématiquement utilisées dans diverses situations.
Ils constituent des façons rapides et intuitives de porter des jugements ou de prendre des décisions qui sont moins laborieuses qu'un raisonnement analytique qui tiendrait compte de toutes les informations pertinentes. Logically Fallacious. Thou shalt not commit logical fallacies. Fallacie logiche, fallacies, fallacie. - Presentazione: principali fallacie. Whataboutism. While Whataboutism has long served as a tool for Soviet (and now Russian) propagandists, it has now become entrenched in American political discourse.
It is, as noted by comedian John Oliver, a beloved tool of Fox News and President Trump. Falsification: How to Destroy Incorrect Ideas. Sir Karl Popper wrote that the nature of scientific thought is that we could never be sure of anything.
The only way to test the validity of any theory was to prove it wrong, a process he labeled falsification. And it turns out we’re quite bad at falsification. When it comes to testing a theory we don’t instinctively try to find evidence we’re wrong. It’s much easier and more mentally satisfying to find information that proves our intuition. This is known as the confirmation bias. The reality dissection fallacy – ART + marketing. Common belief tells us that language carries the meaning in order to communicate.
Like a boat would carry merchandise. Wrong. Love doesn’t mean anything. L’argomento del minotauro o anche dell’essenzialismo psicologico. Rammentate il mito del Minotauro, la mostruosa creatura per metà uomo e per metà toro[1]?
Quando l’incompetenza è inconsapevole - Annamaria Testa. La fallace inversione dell'onere della prova. La strada per l’inferno è lastricata di mattoni gialli. La maggior parte delle persone che visita questo blog è probabilmente familiare con il concetto di strawman, tipicamente reso in italiano con l’agghiacciante traduzione a stampo “uomo di paglia” al posto del più elegante “spaventapasseri”; è quella fallacia logica informale per cui invece di “attaccare” la posizione del proprio “avversario” in un dibattito, gli si attribuisce una posizione o argomentazione che l’altra parte non ha mai sostenuto, ma in modo che sia abbastanza simile da ingannare i tordi.
Utopia Razionale: 10 argomentazioni (controvertibili) che provano l'esistenza di Dio. Biais cognitifs, bulles, et filtres informationnels. Reason. Top 10 Thinking Traps Exposed. Our minds set up many traps for us. Unless we’re aware of them, these traps can seriously hinder our ability to think rationally, leading us to bad reasoning and making stupid decisions. Features of our minds that are meant to help us may, eventually, get us into trouble. Here are the first 5 of the most harmful of these traps and how to avoid each one of them. 10 Problems With How We Think. By Ross Pomeroy By nature, human beings are illogical and irrational.
For most of our existence, survival meant thinking quickly, not methodically. The Just World Theory. The Just World Theory By Claire Andre and Manuel Velasquez Afterwards, they said that the 22-year-old woman was bound to attract attention.
She was wearing a white lace miniskirt, a green tank top, and no underwear. Research Shows That the Smarter People Are, the More Susceptible They Are to Cognitive Bias. Editors’ Note: The introductory paragraphs of this post appeared in similar form in an October, 2011, column by Jonah Lehrer for the Wall Street Journal. We regret the duplication of material. Here’s a simple arithmetic question: A bat and ball cost a dollar and ten cents.
Avoiding Falling Victim to The Narrative Fallacy. The narrative fallacy leads us to see events as stories, with logical chains of cause and effect. Stories help us make sense of the world. However, if we’re not aware of the narrative fallacy it can lead us to believe we understand the world more than we really do. A typical biography starts by describing the subject’s young life, trying to show how the ultimate painting began as just a sketch. In Walter Isaacson’s biography of Steve Jobs, for example, Isaacson illustrates that Jobs’s success was determined to a great degree by the childhood influence of his father. Paul Jobs, a careful, detailed-oriented engineer and craftsman – would carefully craft the backs of fences and cabinets even if no one would see – who Jobs later found out was not his biological father.
Why We Believe Our Own Lies. 0 Share Synopsis The power of cognitive dissonance in our daily lives. Leon Festinger was an American social psychologist, responsible for the development of the Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, which suggests that when people are persuaded to say things and to behave in ways that are inconsistent with their beliefs, an uncomfortable psychological tension is aroused. This tension will lead people to change their beliefs to fit their actual behavior, rather than the other way around, as originally thought. Why People "Fly from Facts" “There was a scientific study that showed vaccines cause autism.” “Actually, the researcher in that study lost his medical license, and overwhelming research since then has shown no link between vaccines and autism.” “Well, regardless, it’s still my personal right as a parent to make decisions for my child.” Does that exchange sound familiar: a debate that starts with testable factual statements, but then, when the truth becomes inconvenient, the person takes a flight from facts.
As public debate rages about issues like immunization, Obamacare, and same-sex marriage, many people try to use science to bolster their arguments. And since it’s becoming easier to test and establish facts—whether in physics, psychology, or policy—many have wondered why bias and polarization have not been defeated. Our new research, recently published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, examined a slippery way by which people get away from facts that contradict their beliefs. Top 10 Common Faults In Human Thought. Humans The human mind is a wonderful thing. Cognition, the act or process of thinking, enables us to process vast amounts of information quickly. For example, every time your eyes are open, you brain is constantly being bombarded with stimuli.
The Baloney Detection Kit: Carl Sagan’s Rules for Bullshit-Busting and Critical Thinking. Carl Sagan (November 9, 1934–December 20, 1996) was many things — a cosmic sage, voracious reader, hopeless romantic, and brilliant philosopher. But above all, he endures as our era’s greatest patron saint of reason and critical thinking, a master of the vital balance between skepticism and openness.
In The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark (public library) — the same indispensable volume that gave us Sagan’s timeless meditation on science and spirituality, published mere months before his death in 1996 — Sagan shares his secret to upholding the rites of reason, even in the face of society’s most shameless untruths and outrageous propaganda. The bullet hole misconception. On escaping the present to invent the future. Tim Harding's writings on rationality, informal logic and skepticism. Guide pratique des biais cognitifs. A List Of Fallacious Arguments. Attacking the person instead of attacking his argument. Fallacies. Dr. Rhetoric & Fallacies.
Rhetological Fallacies. Logical Fallacies. 24 Cognitive Biases stuffing up your thinking. Dieci errori concettuali in materia di libero arbitrio. Lo abbiamo o non lo abbiamo? Logic. Home - Keys on logic. An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments.
The Adventures of Fallacy Man. Oversimplification and Exaggeration Fallacies. Saturday Morning Breakfast Cereal - The Life of a Puppet. How to Disagree. Anti-pattern. Culto del cargo.