Frederick Douglass
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass vers 1879. Surnommé « Le sage d'Anacostia » ou « Le lion d'Anacostia », il fut candidat (malgré lui) à la vice-présidence des États-Unis aux côtés de Victoria Woodhull, la première femme à se présenter pour le poste de président des États-Unis, pour le Parti de l'égalité des droits (Equal Rights Party). La vie d'esclave[modifier | modifier le code] Il a été esclave pendant 20 ans avant de s’échapper. Une enfance dans les plantations[modifier | modifier le code] Il passe ses premières années avec sa grand-mère en périphérie de la plantation principale. L'apprentissage de la lecture[modifier | modifier le code] Vers l'âge de douze ans, il est envoyé servir le frère du gendre de son propriétaire, un dénommé Hugh Auld, à Baltimore. Un professeur improvisé[modifier | modifier le code] En 1833, Thomas Auld récupère Douglass à la suite d'une dispute avec son frère. L'engagement public[modifier | modifier le code]
Escape From Slavery, 1838
Escape From Slavery, 1838 Frederick Douglass lived a remarkable life. Born in 1818 on Maryland's Eastern Shore, his mother was a slave, his father an unknown white man. Eventually he was sent to Baltimore where he worked as a ship's caulker in the thriving seaport. He made his dash to freedom from there in 1838. Douglass began his life in bondage working the fields on Maryland's Eastern Shore. "It was the custom in the State of Maryland to require the free colored people to have what were called free papers. Armed with these papers, and disguised as a sailor, Douglass nervously clamors aboard a train heading North on a Monday morning: "I was not so fortunate as to resemble any of my free acquaintances sufficiently to answer the description of their papers. I was well on the way to Havre de Grace before the conductor came into the negro car to collect tickets and examine the papers of his black passengers. 'I suppose you have your free papers?'
Frederick Douglass - Black History
An abolitionist, writer and orator Frederick Douglass was the most important black American leader of the nineteenth century. Born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey on Maryland’s Eastern Shore, he was the son of a slave woman and, probably, her white master. Upon his escape from slavery at age twenty, he adopted the name of the hero of Sir Walter Scott’s The Lady of the Lake. Douglass immortalized his years as a slave in Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (1845). This and two subsequent autobiographies, My Bondage and My Freedom (1855) and The Life and Times of Frederick Douglass (1881), mark his greatest contributions to American culture. Douglass’s life as a reformer ranged from his abolitionist activities in the early 1840s to his attacks on Jim Crow and lynching in the 1890s. Rhetorically, Douglass was a master of irony, as illustrated by his famous Fourth of July speech in 1852: “This Fourth of July is yours, not mine.
Esclaves en Amérique | Récits autobiographiques d'anciens esclaves 1760-1865
William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator
Library of Congress Anti-abolitionist handbills sometimes led to violent clashes between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions. Every movement needs a voice. For the entire generation of people that grew up in the years that led to the Civil War, William Lloyd Garrison was the voice of Abolitionism. Originally a supporter of colonization, Garrison changed his position and became the leader of the emerging anti-slavery movement. His publication, The Liberator, reached thousands of individuals worldwide. Although The Liberator was Garrison's most prominent abolitionist activity, he had been involved in the fight to end slavery for years prior to its publication. In 1831, Garrison published the first edition of The Liberator. The Liberator wasn't the only abolitionist manifesto during the 1800s. Garrison saw moral persuasion as the only means to end slavery. William Lloyd Garrison lived long enough to see the Union come apart under the weight of slavery. Report broken link Report broken link
Fredrick Douglass
Olaudah Equiano
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Olaudah Equiano, né vers 1745 à Isseke au Biafra dans l'actuel Nigeria et décédé dans le Cambridgeshire le 31 mars 1797, plus connu en son temps sous le nom de Gustavus Vassa[1], fut un esclave, affranchi, marin et écrivain britannique calviniste[1] d'origine africaine, qui vécut principalement dans les colonies britanniques d'Amérique et au Royaume-Uni. Biographie[modifier | modifier le code] Page de garde de The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa the African, written by himself (1789). Il devint une figure influente de l'abolition de l'esclavage et accompagna l'installation des premiers anciens esclaves noirs jusqu'à Freetown au Sierra Leone[3]. La lutte n'était pas toujours couronnée de succès. Notes et références[modifier | modifier le code] Annexes[modifier | modifier le code] Bibliographie[modifier | modifier le code] Ann Cameron, Le prince esclave, Évreux, Rageot, coll. « Cascade », mai 2002, 170 p.
Olaudah Equiano
If it weren’t for “The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano”, or “The Gustavus Vassa”, the world may not have known about Equiano from a closer perspective. Both these books were written by the author/poet himself, where he talks about his early life and coming of age experience. Olaudah Equiano was somewhere around 1745 (the exact date is unknown and mostly misrepresented in most of the biographies), in “Eboe” – Guinea. In different areas of modern Nigeria, “Eboe” is known as Igbo or Ibo. Equiano wasn’t meant to live the life of a slave because his native African family were living as a free souls. He was the son of a tribal chief, so freedom couldn’t be in any better form for him. At the age of 11, young Equiano was playing in the local vicinity of his tribe, when out of nowhere; a group of hooligans kidnapped him and his sister. Olaudah Equiano’s biography is present in different forms. The Summer of 1754: The naval life wasn’t that bad for young Olaudah Equiano.
Sojourner Truth
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Sojourner Truth Biographie[modifier | modifier le code] Née dans l'ancienne colonie hollandaise du comté d'Ulster, au sein d'une famille de 13 enfants, elle ne parlait que le néerlandais lorsqu'elle fut vendue à l'âge de 11 ans. De par sa condition d'esclave, elle fut unie contre son gré à Thomas Jeffery Harvey, un esclave plus âgé. De cette union non souhaitée naquirent 5 enfants. En 1827, elle s'enfuit de la ferme de John Dumont, son troisième maître, pour trouver refuge au Canada avec Sophie, la plus jeune de ses filles, alors enfant en bas âge, et cela un an avant l'abolition de l'esclavage dans l'État de New York (1828). En 1857, Truth se déplaça dans le Michigan, où elle continua à défendre sa cause. Après la guerre civile, Sojourner Truth s'attacha à faciliter la recherche d'emplois des réfugiés noirs. Hommage[modifier | modifier le code] Elle est inscrite au National Women's Hall of Fame. Références[modifier | modifier le code]
