Speech recognition Automatic conversion of spoken language into text Speech recognition (automatic speech recognition (ASR), computer speech recognition, or speech-to-text (STT)) is a sub-field of computational linguistics concerned with methods and technologies that translate spoken language into text or other interpretable forms.[1] Speech recognition applications include voice user interfaces, where the user speaks to a device, which "listens" and processes the audio. Common voice applications include interpreting commands for calling, call routing, home automation, and aircraft control. Speech recognition can be used to analyse speaker characteristics, such as identifying native language using pronunciation assessment.[2] Voice recognition[3][4][5] (speaker identification)[6][7][8] refers to identifying the speaker, rather than speech contents. Applications for speech recognition developed over many decades, with progress accelerated due to advances in deep learning and the use of big data. [edit]
Computer Weekly - Cities worldwide band together to push for ethical AI From traffic control and waste management to biometric surveillance systems and predictive policing models, the potential uses of artificial intelligence (AI) in cities are incredibly diverse, and could impact every aspect of urban life. In response to the increasing deployment of AI in cities – and the general lack of authority that municipal governments have to challenge central government decisions or legislate themselves – London, Barcelona and Amsterdam launched the Global Observatory on Urban AI in June 2021. The initiative aims to monitor AI deployment trends and promote its ethical use, and is part of the wider Cities Coalition for Digital Rights (CC4DR), which was set up in November 2018 by Amsterdam, Barcelona and New York to promote and defend digital rights. It now has more than 50 cities participating worldwide. He said that by sharing best practice in particular, cities will be able to avoid repeating previous mistakes when deploying AI systems. Read more about ethics and AI
Computer program Instructions to be executed by a computer Example computer program[edit] 10 INPUT "How many numbers to average?", A20 FOR I = 1 TO A30 INPUT "Enter number:", B40 LET C = C + B50 NEXT I60 LET D = C/A70 PRINT "The average is", D80 END Once the mechanics of basic computer programming are learned, more sophisticated and powerful languages are available to build large computer systems.[8] History[edit] Improvements in software development are the result of improvements in computer hardware. Analytical Engine[edit] In 1837, Charles Babbage was inspired by Jacquard's loom to attempt to build the Analytical Engine.[9] The names of the components of the calculating device were borrowed from the textile industry. Ada Lovelace worked for Charles Babbage to create a description of the Analytical Engine (1843).[13] The description contained Note G which completely detailed a method for calculating Bernoulli numbers using the Analytical Engine. Universal Turing machine[edit] ENIAC[edit] Sac State 8008[edit]
Artificial wisdom System with human traits of wisdom and morals while being able to contemplate its own "endpoint." Artificial wisdom (AW) is an artificial intelligence (AI) system which is able to display the human traits of wisdom and morals while being able to contemplate its own “endpoint”.[1] Artificial wisdom can be described as artificial intelligence reaching the top-level of decision-making when confronted with the most complex challenging situations.[2] The term artificial wisdom is used when the "intelligence" is based on more than by chance collecting and interpreting data, but by design[3] enriched with smart and conscience strategies that wise people would use.[4] Definitions for wisdom typically include requiring: The ability for emotional regulation,Pro-social behaviors (e.g., empathy, compassion, and altruism),Self-reflection,“A balance between decisiveness and acceptance of uncertainty and diversity of perspectives, and social advising.”[1] Principal Impossibility [edit]
Speech synthesis Artificial production of human speech A synthetic voice announcing an arriving train in Sweden. Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A computer system used for this purpose is called a speech synthesizer, and can be implemented in software or hardware products. A text-to-speech (TTS) system converts normal language text into speech; other systems render symbolic linguistic representations like phonetic transcriptions into speech.[1] The reverse process is speech recognition. The quality of a speech synthesizer is judged by its similarity to the human voice and by its ability to be understood clearly. History[edit] Long before the invention of electronic signal processing, some people tried to build machines to emulate human speech. In the 1930s Bell Labs developed the vocoder, which automatically analyzed speech into its fundamental tones and resonances. Dr. Electronic devices[edit] Synthesizer technologies[edit] Concatenation synthesis[edit] Diphone synthesis[edit]
The Sydney Morning Herald - Artificial intelligence expert Kate Crawford on why people should be concerned about the innovation’s risk Kate Crawford, one of the world’s pre-eminent scholars on the social and political implications of artificial intelligence, is being watched. She has arrived at our meeting point outside an anonymous inner-Sydney building before me and, while she waits on the footpath, is twice questioned by people who seem to be security staff. A woman is the first to come out of the building. Are you meeting someone here, she asks, do you have an appointment? I’m fine, Crawford replies. By the time I arrive, the staff have left her alone. But the size of the structure is not the only indication of scale. I’ve driven past this building on Harris Street, Ultimo, countless times and never noticed it; now, at the start of a walking tour with Crawford designed to get a sense of how artificial intelligence is woven into the texture of our lives and cities, “to make the invisible visible”, I think it seems almost artfully anonymous, as though designed to be incognito. Santow believes we are at a crossroads.
Theoretical computer science Subfield of computer science and mathematics Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation. It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:[1] TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Information theory was added to the field with a 1948 mathematical theory of communication by Claude Shannon. An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for calculations. [edit]
Artificial empathy AI system to detect and respond to human emotions Artificial empathy or computational empathy is the development of AI systems—such as companion robots or virtual agents—that can detect emotions and respond to them in an empathic way.[1] Although such technology can be perceived as scary or threatening,[2] it could also have a significant advantage over humans for roles in which emotional expression can be important, such as in the health care sector.[3] For example, care-givers who perform emotional labor above and beyond the requirements of paid labor can experience chronic stress or burnout, and can become desensitized to patients. Emotional role-playing between a care-receiver and a robot might actually result in less fear and concern for the receiver's predicament ("if it is just a robot taking care of me it cannot be that critical")[according to whom?]. Areas of research[edit] There are a variety of philosophical, theoretical, and applicative questions related to artificial empathy.
by raviii Apr 24