Convergent and divergent production Convergent and divergent production are the two types of human response to a set problem that were identified by J.P. Guilford (1967). Guilford observed that most individuals display a preference for either convergent or divergent thinking. Divergent thinking[edit] According to J.P. There is a movement in education that maintains divergent thinking might create more resourceful students. Divergent production is the creative generation of multiple answers to a set problem. Critic of the analytic/dialectic approach[edit] While the observations made in psychology can be used to analyze the thinking of humans, such categories may also lead to oversimplifications and dialectic thinking. The systematic use of convergent thinking may well lead to what is known as Group think—thus one should probably combine systematic use with critical thinking. Categorizing thinkers as "divergent" or "convergent" may seem appropriate for the purpose of general analyses. References[edit] Guilford, J. (1967).
Where creativity goes to school - art & design school offers design, media arts, culinary arts, fashion programs in 35 locations. What is creativity? The ultimate guide to understanding today’s most important ability. - 99designs Creativity is one of those traits that people seem to have an intrinsic understanding of, but if you actually ask them to define it, they get tripped up. It’s easy to come up with a list of creative people (Frida Kahlo, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, Einstein), and the outcomes of creativity (a novel, an invention, a new way of looking at the world), but it’s difficult to wrap your head around the actual concept of creativity. The more I researched this article, the more I realized creativity is an incredibly nuanced phenomenon. But you have to start somewhere, so let’s begin with a definition: Creativity is the ability to transcend traditional ways of thinking or acting, and to develop new and original ideas, methods or objects. Let’s break that down: It’s an ability It’s also an ability to run a mile, or to do calculus or recite a Shakespearean sonnet (Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?). Great! Creativity is a relatively new phenomenon — Creativity is a pattern of thinking — 1.
Cosmos Universe as a complex and orderly system or entity The cosmos (, ) is another name for the Universe. Using the word cosmos implies viewing the universe as a complex and orderly system or entity.[1] The cosmos, and understandings of the reasons for its existence and significance, are studied in cosmology – a broad discipline covering scientific, religious or philosophical aspects of the cosmos and its nature. Etymology[edit] The philosopher Pythagoras first used the term kosmos (Ancient Greek: κόσμος, Latinized kósmos) for the order of the universe.[2] Greek κόσμος "order, good order, orderly arrangement" is a word with several main senses rooted in those notions. Cosmology[edit] Cosmology is the study of the cosmos, and in its broadest sense covers a variety of very different approaches: scientific, religious and philosophical. When cosmology is used without a qualifier, it often signifies physical cosmology, unless the context makes clear that a different meaning is intended.
Abstraction Abstraction is a process by which concepts are derived from the usage and classification of literal ("real" or "concrete") concepts, first principles, or other methods. "An abstraction" is the product of this process—a concept that acts as a super-categorical noun for all subordinate concepts, and connects any related concepts as a group, field, or category.[1] Abstractions may be formed by reducing the information content of a concept or an observable phenomenon, typically to retain only information which is relevant for a particular purpose. For example, abstracting a leather soccer ball to the more general idea of a ball retains only the information on general ball attributes and behavior, eliminating the other characteristics of that particular ball.[1] Origins[edit] Thinking in abstractions is considered[by whom?] Abstraction involves induction of ideas or the synthesis of particular facts into one general theory about something. Thought process[edit] Cat on Mat (picture 1)
Creativity-Portal.com - Creativity Coaching, Writing Prompts, Humor, Play, Art, Crafts, Projects Divergent thinking A method of generating creative ideas Divergent thinking is a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions. It typically occurs in a spontaneous, free-flowing, "non-linear" manner, such that many ideas are generated in an emergent cognitive fashion. The psychologist J.P. A map of how Divergent Thinking works Activities[edit] Activities which promote divergent thinking include creating lists of questions, setting aside time for thinking and meditation, brainstorming, subject mapping, bubble mapping, keeping a journal, playing tabletop role-playing games,[1] creating artwork, and free writing. Playfulness[edit] Parallels have been drawn between playfulness in kindergarten-aged children and divergent thinking. Effects of positive and negative mood[edit] Effects of sleep deprivation[edit] While little research has been conducted on the impact of sleep deprivation on divergent thinking, one study by J.A. See also[edit] Lateral thinking
Continuum (measurement) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Set of theories or models In physics, for example, the space-time continuum model describes space and time as part of the same continuum rather than as separate entities. A spectrum in physics, such as the electromagnetic spectrum, is often termed as either continuous (with energy at all wavelengths) or discrete (energy at only certain wavelengths). In contrast, quantum mechanics uses quanta, certain defined amounts (i.e. categorical amounts) which are distinguished from continuous amounts. A good introduction to the philosophical issues involved is John Lane Bell's essay in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. In social sciences in general, psychology and psychiatry included, data about differences between individuals, like any data, can be collected and measured using different levels of measurement. Expert witnesses particularly are trained to help courts in translating the data into the legal (e.g.
Divergent thinking Divergent thinking is a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions. It is often used in conjunction with its cognitive opposite, convergent thinking, which follows a particular set of logical steps to arrive at one solution, which in some cases is a ‘correct’ solution. By contrast, divergent thinking typically occurs in a spontaneous, free-flowing manner, such that many ideas are generated in an emergent cognitive fashion. Many possible solutions are explored in a short amount of time, and unexpected connections are drawn. Traits associated with divergent thinking[edit] Psychologists have found that a high IQ (like Albert Einstein) alone does not guarantee creativity. Promoting divergent thinking[edit] Activities which promote divergent thinking include creating lists of questions, setting aside time for thinking and meditation, brainstorming, subject mapping, bubble mapping, keeping a journal, creating artwork, and free writing. 1. 2.
InstantShift | Web Designers and Developers Daily Resource. Fuel Creativity in the Classroom With Divergent Thinking Defining Divergent Thinking The word divergent is partly defined as “tending to be different or develop in different directions.” Divergent thinking refers to the way the mind generates ideas beyond proscribed expectations and rote thinking—what is usually referred to thinking outside the box, and is often associated with creativity. Studies suggest that, as children, our divergence capability is high, and decreases dramatically as we become adults. Divergent behavior is discouraged in school when students are scared to say or do the “wrong thing” in class. It must be said that there are valid reasons why divergent thinking is discouraged in our classrooms. Teachers also might find divergent thinking and behavior a challenge when students ignore directions and rules, and, if we’re honest with ourselves, display personality traits that operate outside societal norms. In the Classroom: Strategies Ideally, divergent and convergent thinking work in harmony with each other. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Contemplation Profound thinking about something Etymology[edit] The word contemplation is derived from the Latin word contemplatio, ultimately from the Latin word templum, a piece of ground consecrated for the taking of auspices, or a building for worship. The latter either derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *tem- ("to cut"), on notion of "place reserved or cut out", or from the root *temp- ("to stretch, string"), thus referring to a cleared (measured) space in front of an altar.[2][3] The Latin word contemplatio was used to translate the Greek word θεωρία (theōría). Greek philosophy[edit] Judaism[edit] Islam[edit] In Islamic tradition, it is said that Muhammad would go into the desert, climb a mountain known as Mount Hira, and seclude himself from the world. Bahai Faith[edit] Baha'u'llah and Abdu'l-Baha wrote about contemplation and meditation in regards to reflecting on beauty, the Kingdom of God, science, and the arts. Christianity[edit] Meditation[edit] See also[edit] Notes[edit] References[edit]