Sumerian Myths Sumerian civilization originated in what is now southern Iraq, just upriver from the mouths of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. "Civilization" in this context means a settled town or city-dwelling people who possess a stable agricultural technology (including domesticated animals) and have developed a hierarchical system of social classes (peasants, laborers, slaves, craftsmen [smiths, masons, carpenters, potters, etc.], farmers, fishermen, merchants, doctors, architects, priests and temple attendants, bureaucrats, scribes, advisers, priest-kings). Since the climate of southern Iraq is hot and dry, agriculture requires an extensive irrigation system of canals and dikes. Often, the Sumerians wrote as if their civilization (agricultural techniques, cities, classes of people) came first, and people later. (Why do you think they thought this way?) Map of Mesopotamian Archeological Sites (Oriental Institute, University of Chicago) The Creation of Humans Sumerian Creation Questions1. 2. 3. 4.
MUITO ALÉM DAS PALAVRAS E SENTIDOS: SUMÉRIOS - OS INVENTORES PRIMORDIAIS A Suméria é a civilização mais antiga que se tem registro, estima-se que eles viveram a mais de 3.500 anos antes de Cristo. Muitos chegam a estimar que eles datam muito mais de 6 mil anos. No quarto milênio antes de Cristo, as primeiras populações sumerianas teriam se deslocado do planalto do Irã até se fixarem na região da Caldeia, que compreende a Baixa e a Média Mesopotâmia. Provavelmente, Quish foi a primeira cidade fundada e logo foi seguida pelo surgimento de cidades como Eridu, Nipur, Ur, Uruk e Lagash. Os sumérios foram os pais da escrita, chamada escrita cuneiforme e posteriormente também foi creditado a eles os títulos de pai da astronomia. Neste sistema, observamos a impressão dos caracteres sobre uma base de argila que era exposta ao sol e, logo depois, endurecida com sua exposição ao fogo. Criadores da roda, das carruagens e muito mais. Os sumérios foram uma civilização a frente da época que viviam. Como bons comerciantes, os sumérios foram bastante dedicados à matemática.
SUMMERIAN The Legendary Origins of Merlin the Magician Most people today have heard of Merlin the Magician, as his name has been popularized over the centuries and his story has been dramatized in numerous novels, films, and television programs. The powerful wizard is depicted with many magical powers, including the power of shapeshifting and is well-known in mythology as a tutor and mentor to the legendary King Arthur, ultimately guiding him towards becoming the king of Camelot. While these general tales are well-known, Merlin’s initial appearances were only somewhat linked to Arthur. Merlin the wizard. It is common belief that Merlin was created as a figure for Arthurian legend. Merlin was created as a combination of several historical and legendary figures. In Geoffrey’s version of the story, he includes a long section containing Merlin’s prophecies, along with two other stories, which led to the inclusion of Merlin into Arthurian legend. A giant helps Merlin build Stonehenge. Sources: The Many Faces of Merlin – Timeless Myths.
Ishtar Como ya saben, en esta serie de posts sobre dioses, escogemos una deidad al azar de entre las muchas que existen entre las diversas culturas y mitologías del mundo, y hablamos sobre ellas analizando las similitudes e influencias con otras culturas, tratando de divulgar la mitología más allá de la tradición judeocristiana a la que estamos acostumbrados en occidente. Hoy le toca el turno a Ishtar, diosa mesopotámica. Se asocia a otras diosas como Asherá, de quien ya hablamos aquí. Ishtar es la diosa mesopotámica de la fertilidad, el amor, la guerra y el sexo, y personificación divina del planeta Venus. Aunque su representación suele ser femenina, veremos que tiene rasgos masculinos y que en algunas representaciones los comparte. Dependiendo de la leyenda en la que nos la encontremos, Ishtar puede ser una chica mimada y caprichosa que siempre se sale con la suya, una muchacha inocente y a merced de los deseos de otros o una poderosa guerrera.
Translation of the Sumerian Cuneiform - KHARSAG - HEAD ENCLOSURE - Barton 1914 - Hilprecht - Poebel - Babylonian Text Translation of the Sumerian CuneiformExtract from The Genius of the Few by Christian and Barbara Joy O'Brien - Page 37 - 39 The Anannage, therefore, were the Sumerian equivalents of the biblical Angels. Only after they had disappeared from the Middle Eastern scene were they worshipped in the religious sense; and they were then so enveloped in supernatural trappings that their intrinsic characteristics were swamped in a morass of pseudo-religious adulation. Before the advent of Semitic influence, the Sumerians had no shrines, and built no temples. One of the first temples to be built by the Semites was dedicated to Enlil at Nippur (home of our tablets) by the early king, Naram-Sin, of the dynasty of Agade which was Amoritic in origin. In due course we shall suggest that the Anannage, having left Kharsag millenia earlier, departed from Sumer because of the first incursions of Amorites from the Syrian Highlands. The general sense of these lines is clear, but the detail is open to comment.
The Norse Mythology Blog | Articles & Interviews on Myth & Relgion Hear The Epic of Gilgamesh Read in the Original Akkadian and Enjoy the Sounds of Mesopotamia Long ago, in the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia, Akkadian was the dominant language. And, for centuries, it remained the lingua franca in the Ancient Near East. But then it was gradually squeezed out by Aramaic, and it faded into oblivion once Alexander the Great Hellenized (Greekified) the region. Now, 2,000+ years later, Akkadian is making a small comeback. At Cambridge University, Dr. Follow Open Culture on Facebook and Twitter and share intelligent media with your friends. If you'd like to support Open Culture and our mission, please consider making a donation to our site. via Heritage Key Related Content: World Literature in 13 Parts: From Gilgamesh to García Márquez The Ancient History Learning Guide What Ancient Greek Music Sounded Like: Hear a Reconstruction That is ‘100% Accurate’
The Clones of Enki Article by J.R. Jochmans — from “Forgotten Ages” (Winter 1979 issue); reprinted in Journal of Borderland Research (Vol. 35, No. 4, July – August 1979), with comment by Riley Crabb Was there Genetic Engineering in ancient times? In the Sanskrit text known as the Samara Sutradhara, we find mention of the use of two biological weapons, each of which produced its own results: the Samhara debilitated its victims by attacking the motor center of the brain; and the Moha caused blockage of nerve impulses, resulting in complete paralysis. What these descriptions imply is that the ancients once actively created and produced strains of microbes — much in the same way many modern governments are secretly conducting research to find new and deadly forms of microbes for military purposes. Just how far the ancients took their experiments may be found in an enigma that still affects mankind today — the Virus. Dr. More recently, in 1977, Dr. Comment by Riley Crabb Who were these dwarfish creatures?
Germanic Mythology: Texts, Translations, Scholarship IRISH LITERATURE, MYTHOLOGY, FOLKLORE, AND DRAMA Irish Writers OnlineIrish PlayographyStudy Ireland: Poetry - BBCIrish Women Writers - M. OckerbloomIreland Literature GuidePoetry Ireland / Éigse ÉireannEarly Irish Lyric Poetry - Kuno MeyerSonnets from Ireland - E. BlomquistColum's Anthology of Irish Verse - Bartleby.comBREAC - Digital Journal of Irish Studies Medieval Celtic ManuscriptsThe Book of KellsCarmina GadelicaCELT Irish Electronic Texts Irish Writers OnlineIreland Literature ExchangeBibliography of 19th-c. Irish Literature - J.M. Jonathan SwiftJonathan Swift ArchiveJonathan Swift Biography - IncompetechGulliver's Travels - U. Bram StokerDraculaBram Stoker Biography - Classic Literature LibraryBram Stoker's Dracula - Carstens smith Oscar WildeThe Official Home Page of Oscar WildeWilde Biography - BBCOscar Wilde OnlineCELT: Oscar WildePoetry of Oscar Wilde - Bartleby.com George Bernard ShawShaw Biography - C. William Butler YeatsYeats Biography - Poetry FoundationCollected Poems - W. Donn ByrneByrne Biography - J. Fine Art Oisín
The Druid and Phoenician Coarbs of Ireland "These Corybantes are the Irish Curbs or Coarbs. It is not surprising that they came from Phoenicia." - Sir Godfrey Higgins The ancient Druids in Ireland and Culdee priests of Iona had called their priests by the name of the Coarbs. They were from the same stock of priests who both wore a white dress, and followed the God Io (Jehovah or Yahweh). The Corybantes were the followers of the divine Virgin (parthenos) known in the ancient mysteries in the East by such names Core or Kore. In the West in Ireland, this mythology in continued by the followers of the Virgin and the serpent son Christos being directly connected to the priesthood of the Druid Coarbs. There is also the Old Irish Virgin myth of Brigit (Brigid or Brighid meaning exalted one) who is the daughter of the Dagda and one of the Tuatha Dé Danann, and the wife of Bres of the Fomorians, with whom she had a son, Ruadán. Here is a prayer to Saint Brigid: All have their Virgin Mothers; all have their Infant Redeemers. 2. 3.
Inuit Myth and Legend Inuit mythology is a repository of Inuit culture, passed down by elders through generations to enrich and enlighten. My Mother's Story By Solomon Karpik, 1987 (courtesy DINA/PAN 83PR87 29). Inuit mythology is a repository of Inuit culture, passed down by elders through generations to enrich and enlighten. Traditionally used in all aspects of daily life, Inuit mythology has undergone a resurgence in popularity as community groups aim to preserve traditional teachings as a method of cultural and political solidarity. Mythology and Legend The definition of a myth is as fluid as myths themselves. The Inuit People Inuit who make their homes across the vastness of Canada's Arctic belong to a much larger family that extends from the Bering Sea through Alaska and northern Canada to Greenland. Inuit Mythology Like all mythology, Inuit myths and legends are both entertaining and instructive. Myths and Beings Some Inuit myths are thought-provoking in their deceptive simplicity. Preservation