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Six degrés de séparation

Six degrés de séparation
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Visualisation artistique du principe des six degrés de séparation. Les six degrés de séparation (aussi appelée Théorie des 6 poignées de main) est une théorie établie par le Hongrois Frigyes Karinthy en 1929 qui évoque la possibilité que toute personne sur le globe peut être reliée à n'importe quelle autre, au travers d'une chaîne de relations individuelles comprenant au plus cinq autres maillons. Avec le développement des technologies de l’information et de la communication, le degré de séparation a été mesuré de 4,74 sur le réseau social Facebook[1] à 6,6 sur l’échange de plusieurs milliards de messages instantanés étudiés en 2008 par Eric Horvitz (en) et Jure Leskovec[2], chercheurs chez Microsoft, en analysant des discussions de Windows Live Messenger[3],[4]. Cette théorie est reprise en 1967 par Stanley Milgram à travers l'étude du petit monde. Premières versions[modifier | modifier le code] « Un jeu fascinant naquit de cette discussion. Related:  clarinette02

releases photos under a Creative Commons licence Licences specify the terms and conditions under which things can be used. All too frequently in everyday life we come across restrictive licences that actually seem to discourage usage, disallowing copying or sharing. But a whole other family of free licences aim to encourage use and sharing, asking simply for proper recognition and reciprocal behaviour in return. Since its inception, CERN has used the web to share multimedia material openly. As the web grew, multimedia material proliferated around the globe, and so did licences. So, encouraged and supported by our experiment outreach teams, we have made our first collection available under a Creative Commons licence. Already the change has allowed photos of our recent Director-Generals to be used consistently in Wikipedia pages for the first time, and for the Higgs discovery plots from ATLAS and CMS to actually be included on the Higgs boson page!

GOOGLE EFFECT The Google effect is the tendency to forget information that can be found readily online by using Internet search engines such as Google. According to the first study about the Google effect people are less likely to remember certain details they believe will be accessible online. However, the study also claims that people's ability to learn information offline remains the same.[1][dead link] History[edit] The phenomenon was described and named by Betsy Sparrow (Columbia), Jenny Liu (Wisconsin) and Daniel M. Explanation[edit] The study included four experiments conducted with students at Columbia and Harvard.[1] In part one, subjects had to answer hard trivia questions. In part two, the subjects read statements related to the trivia questions and had to remember them. In phase three, the subjects had to in a computer type in the details of answers to questions handed out to them. In the final phase, the subjects believed the statements would be stored in computer folders. References[edit]

Mediation - Introduction (Official City of Bellevue Website) What is Mediation? Mediation is a voluntary process in which people in dispute meet with a neutral third party (a "mediator") who guides them through a structured and confidential negotiation. The goals of mediation include: clarifying the needs and desires of each party; establishing common understanding of important information; and reaching an informed and mutually agreeable solution. Why choose mediation? Compared to litigation, mediation is: Quicker – mediations can generally be scheduled within a couple weeks, while trials are often scheduled a year after filing the case.

Wikipédia:WikiLove Une page de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. « Aimez vous les uns les autres, ne pas se battre les uns les autres. » Si nous ne perdons pas de vue l'idéal à atteindre, cet amour de la connaissance, son esprit, si nous nous concentrons pour atteindre le point de vue neutre surtout lorsque cela s'avère difficile, si nous essayons de comprendre ce que l'autre veut dire, nous pouvons accéder au WikiLove. Si nous n'y parvenons pas, cela signifie simplement que l'encyclopédie se suffit à elle-même : des guerres d'édition perpétuelles font fuir les contributeurs ;les articles qui ne sont pas neutres ne retiennent pas les lecteurs. Tout cela nuit à la réputation dans la durée. Par contre, un climat de bonne entente est toujours propice à une rédaction de qualité. Il n'y a pas de formule magique pour atteindre le WikiLove : Le symbole du WikiLove : le Cœur À méditer avant tout emportement : « Entre Il y a dix possibilités qu'on ait des difficultés à communiquer. Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :

Lessig, Liberation Music, and the issue of “fair use” | The Music Network The issue of “fair use” in relation to copyright in sound recordings came sharply into focus recently when Australian music label Liberation Music found itself as the defendant in a law suit filed in the US District Court in Massachusetts by a Harvard Law Professor, Lawrence Lessig. Lessig is suing Liberation on the basis of provisions in US copyright legislation that seek to prevent copyright owners from making threats to alleged copyright infringers without proper basis. Lessig’s suit is actually a further step in what has been an interesting example of the use of copyright protection measures used in relation to You Tube material. To make any sense of his suit it is necessary to review how the Boston professor and the Melbourne music company even came to cross paths. Lessig had posted a 49-minute video of a lecture he had given on the subject of ‘content collaboration.’ Instead they utilise a tool called Content ID that is provided by You Tube. There’s another factor to be considered.

Gouvernail d'étambot Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Le gouvernail d'étambot, fixé à l'arrière d'un navire par des charnières, donnait un meilleur contrôle sur sa direction et réduisait l'espace nécessaire aux manœuvres tournantes. Le gouvernail d'étambot est apparu en Europe du Nord au début du XIIe siècle[1] sur les cogues. Notes[modifier | modifier le code] Voir aussi[modifier | modifier le code] Portail du monde maritime Snapchat Sort Of Apologizes, Updates Find Friends Feature In response to a massive security breach that leaked over four million Snapchat phone numbers, the company on Thursday released an update that allows users of its mobile app to opt-out of the Find Friends feature, which links your phone number to your Snapchat username. "Our team continues to make improvements to the Snapchat service to prevent future attempts to abuse our API," Snapchat said in a blog post. "We are sorry for any problems this issue may have caused you and we really appreciate your patience and support." Snapchat was alerted to the potential hack in August and again in December, but refused to respond to the concerns or update the application to deter potential database breaches. After an anonymous hacker published the phone numbers of millions of users earlier this month, Snapchat responded—without an apology—by saying the company would fix the Find Friends feature that was allegedly optional in the first place. Image via Madeleine Weiss for ReadWrite.

Loi de Moore Croissance du nombre de transistors dans les microprocesseurs Intel par rapport à la loi de Moore. En vert, un doublement tous les 18 mois. Les lois de Moore sont des lois empiriques qui ont trait à l'évolution de la puissance de calcul des ordinateurs et de la complexité du matériel informatique. La première de ces lois est émise par le docteur Gordon E. Énoncés[modifier | modifier le code] Un graphique semi-logarithmique du nombre de transistors pour les microprocesseurs par rapport aux dates d'introduction, doublant presque tous les deux ans. Le premier microprocesseur (Intel 4004) a été inventé en 1971. La loi de Moore a été exprimée en 1965 dans le magazine Electronics (en) par Gordon E. Loi de Moore et fréquence d'horloge[modifier | modifier le code] De plus, on expérimente[Quand ?] Parallélisme et loi de Moore[modifier | modifier le code] Autres facteurs[modifier | modifier le code] Aspects financiers[modifier | modifier le code] Contrainte économique[modifier | modifier le code]

New Gmail messaging feature causes privacy concerns 10 January 2014Last updated at 11:36 GMT Gmail users will be able to message anyone with a Google+ profile, unless they opt out Users of Google's Gmail service will soon be able to send messages directly to other Gmail accounts, regardless of whether the recipient has shared their email address. The new feature will include everyone signed up to both Gmail and Google+, the web giant's social network. The change has caused concern among some privacy advocates, who say people could be contacted by strangers. Google says it will make it easier for users to communicate with friends. But privacy campaigner Marc Rotenberg, of the Electronic Privacy Information Center, called the new feature "troubling", and compared it to a privacy flaw in a previous Google product. "There is a strong echo of the Google Buzz snafu," he said, referring to an early incarnation of the company's social network, which initially made a list of Gmail users' contacts available publicly online. 'Easier to connect'

NSA makes final push to retain most mass surveillance powers | World news The National Security Agency and its allies are making a final public push to retain as much of their controversial mass surveillance powers as they can, before President Barack Obama’s forthcoming announcement about the future scope of US surveillance. Security officials concede a need for greater transparency and for adjustments to broad domestic intelligence collection, but argue that limiting the scope of such collection would put the country at greater risk of terrorist attacks. In a lengthy interview that aired on Friday on National Public Radio (NPR), the NSA’s top civilian official, the outgoing deputy director John C Inglis, said that the agency would cautiously welcome a public advocate to argue for privacy interests before the secret court which oversees surveillance. Inglis also suggested that the so-called Fisa court have “somebody who would assist them with matters of interpreting technology”, which also has the potential to recast the court’s relationship with the NSA.

Media Law Prof Blog Thursday, January 9, 2014 Highest French Court Upholds Ban On Performance The Council of State, France's highest administrative judicial body, has upheld a ban on a performance by controversial performer Dieudonne M'Bala M'Bala, shortly after a lower court lifted the ban. Dieudonne also faces bans on his performances in several other French cities.

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